Prognostic importance of C-KIT mutations in core binding factor acute myeloid leukemia: a systematic review

Acute myeloid leukemia [AML] is defined as leukemic blast reproduction in bone marrow. Chromosomal abnormalities form different subgroups with joint clinical specifications and results. t[8;21][q22;q22] and inv[16][p13;q22] form core binding factor- AML [CBF-AML]. c-kit mutation activation occurs in 12.8-46.1% of adults with CBF leukemia. These mutations occur in 20-25% of t[8;21] and 30% of inv[16] cases

Methods: In this systematic review, we searched different databases, including PubMed, Scopus, and Embase. Selected articles were measured based on the inclusion criteria of this study and initially compared in terms of titles or abstracts. Finally, articles relevant to the subject of this review were retrieved in full text. Twenty-two articles matched the inclusion criteria and were selected for this review

Results: In this study, c-kit mutations were associated with poor prognosis in AML patients with t[8;21] and inv[16]. In addition, these mutations had better prognostic effects on AML patients with inv[16] compared with those with t[8;21]

Conclusion: According to the results of this study, c-kit mutations have intense, harmful effects on the relapse and white blood cell increase in CBF-AML adults. However, these mutations have no significant prognostic effects on patients

Frequency of FLT3 ITD and FLT3 TKD mutations in multiple myeloma patients [a case control study]

Background and Aims: multiple myeloma is a malignant proliferation of plasma cells derived from a single clone. The tumor, its products and the host response lead to organ damages. Some factors that are responsible in its pathogenesis are recognized. As FMS like Tyrosine Kinase 3 receptor [FLT3] mutation has been proved as a determining factor in leukemic patients; the goal of this study was to find association of FLT3 internal tandem duplication [ITD] and FLT3 tyrosine kinase domain [TKD] mutations with multiple myeloma

Materials and Methods: this case-control study was conducted on 60 paraffinembedded bone marrow biopsies [30 multiple myeloma and 30 normal bone marrow specimens] in the pathology departments of Ghaem and Imam Reza hospitals in Mashhad. After sections preparation, DNA was extracted and two PCR reactions were set up for detection of FLT3/ ITD and FLT3/TKD mutations

Results: the Mean age of samples was 64+/-10 years. No FLT3 mutations were detected in multiple myeloma patients

Conclusion: our findings showed that occurrence of FLT3 mutations seem unusual in multiple myeloma