Detection of sperm DNA fragmentation in IVF-ICSI patients and correlation with sperm quality and treatment outcome

The incidence of DNA fragmentation in the sperm head [DFl] is higher in infertile male population compared to the fertile one. Several methods can be used to detect sperm DNA fragmentation. Among this method TUNEL assay is reported to be the most related to the male fertility potential. The aim of this study is to examine the relationship between sperm DNA fragmentation and the outcome of intracytoplasmic sperm injection [ICSI]. Eighty-five couples undergoing ICSI procedure were recruited to this study. Sperm from the row ejaculate was examined for sperm DFI was using TUNEL assay. There was no relation between the sperm DFI and the conventional WHO semen parameter. There was also no significant difference in the fertilization and cleavage rate between couples with low, moderate or high DFI [<15%, 15-30%, >30% respectively]. Pregnancy rate was significantly lower when sperm DFI was higher than 15% and no pregnancy as achieved when the DFI was higher than 30%. These results demonstrate the negative effect of the DNA fragmentation on the ICSI outcome. This deleterious effect seems to affect later stages of embryonic development

Yq microdeletion in men with severe impairment of spermatogenesis undergoing intra cytoplasmic sperm injection

Genetic aberration is an important etiological factor in infertile male. Among these microdeletion of the long arm of the Y chromosome is the most common. The aim of this study was to check the incidence and the type of microdeletion in men with severe impairment of spermatogenesis and the relationship between these deletions and the ICSI procedure. Three hundred and ninety male were recruited to this study. The incidence of the microdeletion was 4% in patients with severe oligospermia and 8.5% in azoospermia patients. Deletion in AZFc region was the most common type of deletion encountered the degree of impairment of spermatogenesis was related to the size of the deletion rather than the type of the deletion. Sperm recovery in patients with microdeletion was less than those without deletion. Fertilization and pregnancy rate were comparable to genetically free couples. We conclude that microdeletion have negative effect on spermatogenesis depending on the size of the deletion bur not on the sperm quality

Higher incidence of chromosomes 13, 18, 21 X and Y aneuploidy in spermatozoa from patients with severe oligospermia and repeated ICSI failure versus fertile control

The incidence of numerical chromosomal abnormalities is higher in spermatozoa compared with somatic cells in normal population. The aim of this study is to examine the incidence of sperm aneuploidy for the chromosomes 13, 18, 21 X and Y using dual colour FISH technique in two groups of men. Group A: are 14 infertile men with severe oligospermia [sperm density less than 2 million sperms/ml] and had history of repeated ICSI failure. Group B: 8 fertile men with normal semen parameters. The mean total aneuploidy rate in men of group [A] is significantly higher than the fertile men of group [B] [3.18 Vs 0.73] [p<0.01]. The mean aneuploidy rate for each examined chromosome was significantly higher in group [A] compared with group [B]. The highest aneuploidy rate affected the gonosomes [X and Y]. This results support the hypothesis that increased incidence of chromosomal aneuploidy a negative effect on embryonic development and implantation rate. Screening of men attempting ICSI procedure for sperm chromosomes aneuploidy is a potential prognostic tool