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The application of electronic informed consent has the advantages of speeding up the recruitment of subjects, helping the less educated to understand research and recruit groups, facilitating direct communication between subjects and researchers, minimizing human omissions and errors, and effectively improving the efficiency of clinical research. However, there are also some challenges, such as privacy, ethical censorship, hardware costs and so on. On the basis of the above discussion, this paper believed that electronic informed consent, as a new form, would provide a more powerful tool for clinical research in an era full of opportunities and challenges, with research value and potential.
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Through the questionnaire survey on the current situation of human research ethical management in Beijing medical and health institutions, this paper analyzed the problems existing in ethical management of Beijing medical and health institutions and put forward corresponding countermeasures and suggestions. The results showed that overall status of human research ethical management in Beijing medical and health institutions was satisfying. But the ethical management levels of different types of medical and health institutions were quite different, and medical and health institutions, health family planning administration departments and academic teams should all make corresponding contributions.
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Objective:This thesis aims to construct the evaluation index system ethics management in Beijing medical institutions for application research.Method:The author applied the evaluation system which was agreed and adjusted by expert groups in four medical and health institutions.Result:After three rounds of expert groups have reached the agreement,the Evaluation Index System on Human Research Ethics Management in Beijing Medi-cal Institutions is established,which contains 6 first-class indicators,16 second-class indicators and 39 third-class indicators.The application on four medical and health institutions show that the evaluation index system is practical,operable and is of high degree of distinction.Conclusion:The evaluation index system is scientific,rea-sonable,practical and is of high degree of validity,credibility and distinction.
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Objective To compare the clinical and sonographic characteristics of aggressive and nonaggressive papillary thyroid microcarcinomas(PTMC)in order to improve the preoperative predictive value of aggressive PTMC.Methods A total of 309 patients with PTMC from January 2014 to December 2016 were included in this study.Patients with lymphatic metastasis,extrathyroidal invasion,reccurence, distant metastasis and death were classified into aggressive PTMC group,and patients without above characteristics were classified into nonaggressive group.Clinical and sonographic features were reviewed and compared between the two groups.Results Among the 309 patients,76 cases(24.6%)were aggressive PTMC,and 233 cases(75.4%)were nonaggressive.Patients were younger and larger cancerous nodules, microcalcification,capsular inconnection and multifocality were seen more frequently in aggressive PTMC group compared with nonaggressive group.The best cut-off value of age and diameter were 44.5 years and 0.66 cm respectively.Advanced age was the protective factor and larger tumor size and multifocality were independent risk factors for PTMC aggressiveness.The capsular invasion was related with the lateral cervical lymph node metastasis while other features were not.Conclusions Extra attention should be paid to patients with age<44.5 years,tumor size>0.66 cm and multifocal cancerous nodules because their PTMCs are more likely to be aggressive.Thyroid capsule adjacent to the cancerous nodule should be observed carefully.If there is interruption in the capsule,lateral cervical lymph nodes should be carefully examed.
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Objective To explore the effect of ultrasound in the diagnosis and treatment of rheumatoid arthritis .Methods though early diagnose of RA by ultrasound ,DAS28 and MRI′s result to measure the accuracy of ultrasound test .then though the ul‐trasound index at different time point in the treatment of RA patients ,we knew the changes of the joint ,and provide treatment plan and prognosis .Results ultrasound had high accuracy rate in the diagnoses of RA(P< 0 .05) ,and there were correlation among ul‐trasound diagnoses accuracy and DAS28 and MRI score(r= 0 .859 ,P< 0 .05) ;at the same time ,it provided accurate changes of the joint during the treatment ,and provided basis for treatment .Conclusion Ultrasound has manifest advantageous in diagnose RA .It could be used as a method in early diagnose RA and evaluate the effect on RA′s treatment .
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<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To investigate the effects on ribbon synapse of inner hair cells after superpulsed CO2 laser-assisted cochleostomy in SD rats.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Eighteen SD rats were randomly divided into laser-assisted surgery groups (2 W group and 5 W group), sham-operated group and control group. Ten of those were performed a cochleostomy using superpulsed CO2 laser with a corresponding power. Auditory brainstem responses (ABR) were measured pre-and postoperatively. The ribbon synapses at apical and middle cochlear turns were observed under laser scanning confocal microscope and then were quantified with 3ds Max software.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The postoperative ABR thresholds of the 2 W and 5 W groups were larger than the preoperative case (t = -5.65, P < 0.01; t = -4.97, P < 0.01). The synapse number at the middle turn decreased significantly in 5 W group (F = 17.15, P < 0.01), while no significant changes were noted at the apical turn (P > 0.05). There was no statistical difference in 2 W group (P > 0.05).</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>The superpulsed CO2 laser-assisted cochleostomy with high-power is accompanied by a synaptic injury, while no obvious effects after the low-power laser surgery, which might be a safe strategy to preform cochleostomy.</p>
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Animais , Ratos , Cóclea , Cirurgia Geral , Células Ciliadas Auditivas Internas , Efeitos da Radiação , Terapia a Laser , Lasers de Gás , Distribuição Aleatória , Ratos Sprague-Dawley , Sinapses , Efeitos da RadiaçãoRESUMO
Objective To evaluate the impact of the asthma education and management model developed by Peking University People's Hospital on the level of asthma control. Methods Trained respiratory physicians from 6 large teaching hospitals in the urban districts of Beijing conducted a successive questionnaire survey in the form of face-to-face interviews with adult asthma patients attending their respective clinics. The results were used to compare the levels of asthma control between patients who were administered "three-in-one" asthma education and management (education group) and those who were not(control group). Results Among the 100 patients in the education group, 85% showed asthma control test(ACT) values ≥20 points. This was significantly higher than that in the 427 control group patients (37%,χ2 =74.345 ,P <0.01 ). During the past 1 year, the rate of hospitalization due to exacerbation of asthma,number of emergency treatments, and missed working days were significantly lower in the education group than in the control group ( 4%, 18%, 20% vs 23%, 32%, 55%, respectively; χ2 = 19.431,7.515 and 17.853 respectively; and P < 0.01 for all). Conclusion The " three-in-one" asthma education and management model can significantly improve asthma control.