Infecção congênita em cabritos por Mycoplasma agalactiae / Congenital infection by Mycoplasma agalactiae in goat kids

This study aimed to report three cases of contagious agalactia (CA) by Mycoplasma agalactiae in goat kids born with polyarthritis. The nanny goats belonging to two different herds presented clinical signs of CA during pregnancy and in parturition they were apparently healthy. The carpal articulations of the three goat kids, the tarsus articulation in one, and thigh-femoral articulation in another showed swelling, pain and impairment of the flexion-extension movements. The articular liquid was collected from two goat kids at birth and revealed a content which varied from transparent to fibrinopurulent, presenting a yellow coloring. The samples were plated on modified Hayflick. The colonies had the appearance of "fried egg" and were confirmed as being M. agalactiae by biochemical tests and 16S rRNA PCR. Blood was collected from three animals soon after birth and submitted to the indirect ELISA test for the determination of the titration of the anti- M. agalactiae antibodies. The results confirmed that the goat kids were infected during pregnancy by M. agalactiae and resulted in the birth of an offspring with clinical signs of CA being immune tolerant...

Bactérias envolvidas nas mastites subclínicas de cabra da região de Salvador, Bahia / Bacteria involved in subclinical mastitis in goats in the region of Salvador, Bahia, Brazil

A mastite é uma infecção frequente da glândula mamária, sendo a principal doença que afeta o úbere das fêmeas e responsável pelos maiores prejuízos à produção leiteira em caprinos, reduzindo em quantidade e depreciando a qualidade do leite e seus derivados. Nesse estudo foram colhidas amostras de leite de cabras com reação positiva ao CMT, em propriedades localizadas em Bonfim de Feira, Barra do Pojuca, Feira de Santana, Camaçari, Anguera e Antônio Cardoso, todas próximas à Cidade de Salvador, Bahia. Do material coletado foi realizado cultivo bacteriológico em ágar sangue de ovino a 10%, ágar McConkey e também enriquecido em caldo BHI. O Staphylococcus spp. foi a bactéria de maior prevalência (90,3%), seguida de Streptococcus (4,8%), Micrococcus (1,6%) e Enterobacter (1,6%). Todas as bactérias foram submetidas ao teste de sensibilidade aos antimicrobianospelo método de difusão em disco, sendo que 54,1% das estirpes estudadas apresentaram sensibilidade a todas as drogas testadas, e 45,9% das estirpes identificadas apresentaram resistência a pelo menos um dos antimicrobianos. O presente estudo confirmou o Staphylococcus spp. como a principal bactéria envolvida na etiologia das mastites subclínicas caprinas.

Bacteria involved in subclinical mastitis in goats in the region of Salvador, Bahia, Brazil. Mastitis is a common infection of the mammary gland, the main disease affecting the udder of females, and responsible for major losses in milk production in goats, decreasing the quantity and quality of the milk and its derivatives. In this study milk samples were collected from goats with positive reaction to CMT in properties located in Bonfim de Feira, Barra do Pojuca, Feira de Santana, Camaçari, Anguera and Antônio Cardoso, all of which are places surrounding the city of Salvador, Bahia, Brazil. The samples were submitted to bacteriological culture carried out in agar with 10% sheep blood, McConkey agar, and agar enriched with BHI broth. Staphylococcus spp. bacteria was the most prevalent (90.3%), followed by Streptococcus (4.8%), Micrococcus (1.6%) and Enterobacter (1.6%). All bacteria were subjected to antimicrobial susceptibility testing by the disc diffusion method, revealing that 54.1% of the strains studied were sensitive to all drugs tested, while 45.9% of identified strains showed resistance to at least one of antimicrobials. The present studyconfirmed Staphylococcus spp. as the main bacteria involved in the etiology of subclinical goat mastitis.

Fatal bothropic snakebite in a horse: a case report

The present study reports a snakebite in a horse in the state of Pará, Brazil. At initial evaluation the animal was reluctant to walk and had tachycardia, tachypnea, severe lameness, bleeding on the pastern and swelling around the left hind leg. Blood samples from the bleeding sites, took on the first day, showed leukocytosis and neutrophilia, whereas biochemical values of urea and creatinine were significantly increased. The chosen treatment was snake antivenom, fluid therapy, antibiotics, anti-inflammatory agents and diuretic drugs. On the fourth day of therapy, the hematological values were within normal parameters. There was improvement related to the clinical lameness and swelling of the limb. However, a decrease in water intake and oliguria were observed. On the seventh day the animal died. Necropsy revealed areas of hemorrhagic edema in the left hind limb and ventral abdomen; the kidneys presented equimosis in the capsule, and when cut they were wet. Moreover, the cortex was pale, slightly yellow and the medullary striae had the same aspect. Based on these data, we concluded that the snakebite in the present study was caused by Bothrops spp. and that renal failure contributed to death.

Tipificação genética, através da técnica de spoligotyping, de isolados de Mycobacterium bovis em animais abatidos na região metropolitana de Salvador, Bahia, Brasil / Use of spoligotyping for genetic typing of Mycobacterium bovis isolates from slaughtered animals in the metropolitan area of Salvador, Bahia, Brazil

A tuberculose é uma enfermidade infecciosa crônica, que afeta mamíferos e aves e constitui um sério problema de saúde pública e animal. Objetivando realizar um levantamento molecular da enfermidade em bovinos abatidos em matadouros frigoríficos no Estado da Bahia, Brasil, foram analisadas as lesões pulmonares e de linfonodos mediastínicos de 43 carcaças de animais abatidos em três matadouros-frigoríficos localizados na Região Metropolitana de Salvador, Bahia. Sete isolados de Mycobacterium bovis foram identificados, através da técnica do spolygotyping, e discriminados em três diferentes espoligotipos (SB1055, SB0120 e SB0268) descritos no Brasil e em diversas áreas do mundo. Os resultados indicam que o método de diagnóstico utilizado pode contribuir para a criação de uma base de dados para o estudo epidemiológico da tuberculose bovina no Estado da Bahia.

Tuberculosis is an infectious chronic disease that affects mammals and birds and constitutes a serious problem for public and animal health. Pulmonary and mediastinic lymph node lesions of 43 animals slaughtered in 3 slaughterhouses in the metropolitan region of the city of Salvador, Bahia, Brazil, were analyzed with the objective of obtaining a molecular survey of the disease in bovines slaughtered in slaughterhouses in the state. Seven isolates ofMycobacterium bovis were identified through the spoligotyping technique and classified into 3 different spoligotypes (SB1055, SB0120, SB0268), described in Brazil and in many areas worldwide. The results indicate that the diagnostic method utilized may contribute to the creation of a database for the epidemiologic study of bovine tuberculosis in the state of Bahia.

Cytoskeleton, endoplasmic reticulum and nucleus alterations in CHO-K1 cell line after Crotalus durissus terrificus (South American rattlesnake) venom treatment

Snake venoms are toxic to a variety of cell types. However, the intracellular damages and the cell death fate induced by venom are unclear. In the present work, the action of the South American rattlesnake Crotalus durissus terrificus venom on CHO-K1 cell line was analyzed. The cells CHO-K1 were incubated with C. d. terrificus venom (10, 50 and 100g/ml) for 1 and 24 hours, and structural alterations of actin filaments, endoplasmic reticulum and nucleus were assessed using specific fluorescent probes and agarose gel electrophoresis for DNA fragmentation. Significant structural changes were observed in all analyzed structures. DNA fragmentation was detected suggesting that, at the concentrations used, the venom induced apoptosis.