Comparação de métodos para mensuração da perda óssea alveolar periodontal em ratos submetidos aestresse / Comparison of methods for measurement of periodontal bone loss in rats submitted to stress

Objetivo: Comparar os métodos radiográfico, morfométrico e histométrico para avaliação da perdado osso alveolar em ratos com doença periodontal induzida por ligadura e submetidos a estresse crônico.Materiais e Métodos: Ratos Wistar (Rattus norvegicus albinus) machos adultos foram distribuídos emdelineamento inteiramente casualizado em esquema fatorial 2x2 (com e sem doença periodontal (DP), come sem estresse crônico (EC)) com oito repetições em cada grupo. O EC foi realizado por meio de imobilizaçãodiária por 2,5 horas por 30 dias, enquanto que a DP foi induzida com o protocolo de ligadura no primeiro molarmandibular direito e esquerdo nos últimos 14 dias. Após esse período, os ratos foram eutanasiados. Resultados:Na análise radiográfica e histométrica foi determinado o suporte ósseo periodontal (SOP). Adicionalmente,na análise histométrica foi calculada a perda do osso alveolar (POA) e a perda de inserção epitelial (PIE) naface distal do primeiro molar. Na análise morfométrica, a perda do osso alveolar foi obtida pela determinaçãodas distâncias lineares da junção cemento-esmalte (JEC) até crista óssea (CO) no centro das raízes linguaise distais. Observou-se aumento dos níveis de corticosterona (p<0,05) nos animais submetidos a imobilizaçãoe a perda do osso alveolar foi superior (p<0,05) nos animais que receberam a ligadura, independentemente daassociação com estresse, enquanto que a imobilização isoladamente não influenciou esses parâmetros. Houvecorrelação significativa entre as três variáveis utilizadas para avaliação da perda óssea (p<0,05). Conclusão:Métodos histométricos, radiográficos e morfométricos não apresentaram resultados divergentes na avaliaçãoda perda óssea alveolar em ratos com DP e submetidos ao EC.

Influence of integral and decaffeinated coffee brews on metabolic parameters of rats fed with hiperlipidemic diets

The objective of this study was to evaluate the influence of integral and decaffeinated coffee brews (Coffea arabica L and C. canephora Pierre) on the metabolic parameters of rats fed with hyperlipidemic diet. Thirty male Wistar rats (initial weight of 270 g ± 20 g) were used in the study, which were divided into six groups five each. The treatments were normal diet, hyperlipidemic diet, hyperlipidemic diet associated with integral coffee arabica or canephora brews (7.2 mL/kg/day) and hyperlipidemic diet associated to decaffeinated arabica, or canephora brews, using the same dosage. After 41 days, performance analyses were conducted.The rats were then euthanized and the carcasses were used for the analysis of dried ether extract and crude protein. Fractions of adipose tissue were processed for histological analysis. There was a reduction in weight gain and accumulation of lipids in the carcasses, lower diameter of adipocytes and a lower relative weight of the liver and kidneys of rats fed with hyperlipidemic diet associated with integral coffee brew. Integral coffee brew reduced the obesity in the rats receiving hyperlipidemic diet, but the same effect did not occur with the decaffeinated types.

Effect of probiotic administration on the immune response: a systematic review of experimental models in rats

The probiotic influence on the immune system, especially under pathogenic challenge conditions, still remains controversial. To address this, a systematic review of current studies concerning the efficacy of probiotics on the immune response of rats subjected to experimental challenges was conducted. The survey was conducted using PubMed, ISI Web of Science and Scielo databases. Only studies which tested probiotics in vivo in rats were included. The experimental design, methodological quality, and results of the articles were analyzed. In total 21 articles were selected for this study. The most commonly used microorganisms in the experiments were those of the genus Lactobacillus, which was reported in 12 articles. The second most often used genus was Bifidobacterium (B. animalis and B.longum). In general, the probiotics use against experimental pathogenic challenges was successful: 86% of the selected articles reported a beneficial effect on the immune response associated with the use of probiotics.