A case of desmoplastic small round cell tumor with Down's syndrome / 대한내과학회지

A desmoplastic small round cell tumor (DSRCT) is a rare, aggressive neoplasm that occurs predominantly in children and young men. It presents as a large mass inside the abdomen, particularly within the pelvis, and may be accompanied by extensive tumor implants throughout the peritoneum. Microscopically, it typically appears as nests of small undifferentiated cells within a desmoplastic stroma. A DSRCT shows a special immunohistochemical staining pattern, expressing epithelial, neural, and muscle markers. A DSRCT is associated with a specific chromosomal translocation, t (11;22) (p13;q12), resulting in a chimeric EWS/WT1 transcript that is helpful for diagnosing this tumor. We experienced a case of DSRCT in a 19-year-old man who had been diagnosed with Down's syndrome.

A Case of Extensive Necrosis of the Gastric Mucosa Following Ethanol Injection Therapy / 대한소화기내시경학회지

A bleeding peptic ulcer is the most common cause of upper gastrointestinal bleeding as well as for hospitalization and death. Many endoscopic methods of treating bleeding peptic ulcers are currently being studied and developed. Among them, the endoscopic pure ethanol injection therapy is favored because of its high efficacy, low cost, and rapid administration. Pure ethanol is an excellent agent to stop bleeding and manifests itslef by inducing tissue dehydration, fixation and vessel compression, which in turn causes arterial coagulation and tissue necrosis. However, an excessive injection volume may bring about extensive mucosal necrosis; hence, caution should be taken when deciding upon the injection volume and depth. We report a case of extensive necrosis of the gastric mucosa following endoscopic ethanol injection therapy of a bleeding peptic ulcer along with a review of the relevant literature.

Two Cases of Sigmoid Volvulus Treated by Emergency Colonoscopic Reduction Procedure / 대한소화기내시경학회지

A volvulus of the colon is a twisting of a redundant segment of the colon at its narrow mesentery. A sigmoid volvulus is the most common type. This disorder may spontaneously reduce and recur as a chronic problem. However, it more frequently becomes acute as a result of an obstruction, which can lead to strangulation and gangrene with a high mortality if not treated promptly. Colonoscopic reduction and decompression is the preferred initial treatment for patients with a sigmoid volvulus who show no signs of bowel strangulation, which may be the cause of the high mortality associated with emergency surgery. We experienced 2 cases of a sigmoid volvulus in a 44-year-old female and a 51-year-old male. The sigmoid volvulus was diagnosed by simple abdominal film and treated successfully by an emergency colonoscopic reduction. We report our experience on the use of colonoscopy to treat sigmoid volvulus with a reviews of the relevant literlature.

A Case of Systemic Sclerosis Combined with Ovarian Cancer / 대한류마티스학회지

We report a 54-year old female who had mild dyspnea, coughing, abdominal distension, tightening and thickening of the skin, and Raynaud's phenomenon. Clinical manifestations, laboratory and radiologic examinations were compatible with systemic sclerosis. She was also diagnosed to have ovarian cancer on histopathologic study. The possible causative relation between systemic sclerosis and malignant neoplasms is a controversial issue, but several studies have demonstrated an increased frequency of cancer in patients with systemic sclerosis, especially lung and breast cancers. Ovarian cancer was rarely reported in association with systemic sclerosis. We present this case with a review of literatures.