RESUMO
Background: India has the greatest number of leprosy cases worldwide, Brazil is the second and Indonesia is the third most common country. Many changes, like bone involvement and soft tissue changes occur in leprosy due to various factors like specific leprous infection, deformity, anaesthesia, trauma and ulceration, can be observed in skiagrams. The aim of the study is to know the prevalence of radiological changes in Leprosy patients and various presentations of radiological changes. Methods: The present study included 35 cases of leprosy who attended the out-patient clinic, Department of Dermatology, Venereology & Leprology, Government General Hospital, Anantapuramu, Andhra Pradesh. Radiographs were taken for all the patients, including Anteroposterior, lateral or oblique view of both hands, both feet and nasal bones. These skiagrams were studied, for specific, non-specific bone changes and osteoporosis, in detail. These radiological findings have been correlated with other clinical features. Results: Majority of the patients were presented with contractures of digits (71.4%), followed by 60%, Trophic or other ulcers (48.5%), wasting of muscles (37.1%), Nasal deformity (31.4%). Nasal bone erosions were noted among 3(8.5%) out of 35 patients, whereas nasal bone resorption observed in a patient (2.8%). 42.8% patient radiological changes were observed as both specific & nonspecific changes, 28.5% were nonspecific bone changes, 20% were Osteopetrosis and 8.5% were specific bone changes. Conclusion:Once bone changes develops in leprosy patients, its difficult to treat patient and also need good rehabilitation resources. Early diagnosis and prompt treatment may help to avoid bony deformities.
RESUMO
Background: Dermatosis is a term that refers to diseases of the integumentary system. The external genitalia are acommon site for rashes, itching, and minor infections. This area is warm, moist, and occluded, and it is frequently exposed to irritating urine, feces, and vaginal secretions. We aimed at know the prevalence and patterns of genital region noninfectious dermatoses among children, with its epidemiological factors. Methods: In this hospital based cross sectional study children of either sex in the age group of 1-18 years presented with features of noninfectious dermatoses were included. Localized skin lesions were examined carefully and systemic features also observed. Results: Non Infective dermatoses were seen in 14.8% (63) of total dermatoses cases. Phrynoderma (36.5%) was the most common followed by Vitiligo Vulgaris (15.8%), Eczema (14.2%), P.alba (6.3%), Fordyce spots (4.7%) Lichen Planus (3.1%), Lichen Striatus (3.1%), Haemangioma (7.9%), Traumatic ulcer (4.7%) Phimosis (1.5%), and Burns (1.5%). Conclusion: Noninfectious dermatoses significantly involve genital region, with varied presentations making the diagnosis difficult. Precise clinical insight into exact diagnosis, helps to provide accurate treatment.