Diagnostic and therapeutic strategies in cryptococcosis: impact on outcome

Cryptococcosis diagnosis has been recently improved by the use of rapid cryptococcal antigen testing with lateral flow assays, which have proved sensitive and specific. Using "test and treat" screening strategies for cryptococcal disease with these tests has been showed effective in reducing cryptococcal meningitis (CM) in HIV-infected patients. Recommended induction, consolidation, and maintenance therapeutic strategy for CM is widely unavailable and/or expensive in low and middle-income settings. New therapeutic strategies, mostly using reduced duration, have recently shown acceptable outcome or are currently tested. Diagnostic and therapeutic guidelines for cryptococcal disease in limited resources countries are undergoing a paradigmatic shift.

Bacterial reservoirs in a health care environment: case of the Douala general Hospital, Cameroon

Background:Health care acquired infections are a major cause of morbidity and mortality in hospitals. There is very little documentation of this important problem in our resource limited setting. The aim of our study was to identify bacterial reservoirs and microorganisms with the potential of nosocomial infections in our health care environment Methods:Bacteriological samples from the air; surfaces; equipment; personnel and patients from six units of the Douala General Hospital; Cameroon were collected for culture according to standardised collection; culture and germs identification techniques. of all collected samples were contaminated with pathogenic bacteria. These included 83.3 of air samples and 100; 54.1and 48.7of specimens respectively. The same bacteria found on the hands of nursing personnel were same as on both surfaces and equipment. The intensive care and neonatal units were the most contaminated with 100 positive cultures. The sterilization unit was bacteria free

Prevalence du tabagisme chez le personnel de l'Hopital General de Douala; Cameroun

Introduction: La prevalence du tabagisme parmi le personnel de sante hospitalier au Cameroun n'est pas connue alors que le tabagisme est en expansion dans ce pays avec 13;2de fumeurs selon l'OMS. Pour combler ce manque une enquete sur les consommations; les connaissances; opinions et attitudes vis-a-vis des fumeurs a ete conduite a l'Hopital General de Douala; l'un des hopitaux de reference du Cameroun. Methodes: Du 1er au 30 Avril 2010; des questionnaires anonymes ont ete distribues par des enqueteurs dans les services ou via les surveillants et recueillis et analyses de facon anonyme. Resultats: Sur 402 questionnaires distribues 277 ont ete recuperes. La prevalence de fumeurs est de 3;6 parmi les soignants et de 9;4 parmi les autres personnels soit en moyenne sur l'ensemble de l'hopital 5;4. Les produits fumes etaient toujours des cigarettes. L'initiation du tabagisme a souvent ete tardive (21;5 ans) et la dependance est absente ou faible chez 33 des fumeurs. Les personnes pensent que c'est leur devoir de questionner sur le tabac et de prendre en charge les fumeurs; mais ils sont presque un sur deux a ignorer la loi Camerounaise. Conclusion: Le tabagisme chez le personnel hospitalier est une realite au Cameroun ; le personnel soignant et les pouvoirs publics devraient s'impliquer davantage dans la lutte contre ce fleau qui est en expansion dans les pays du sud