Síndrome antifosfolípido catastrófico: caso clínico / Catastrophic antiphospholipid syndrome: clinical case

El síndrome antifosfolípido (SAF) fue descrito y caracterizado durante la segunda mi-tad del siglo XX inicialmente como un fenómeno protrombótico secundario en con-texto de otras enfermedades del tejido conectivo, principalmente lupus. Sin embargo, el estudio de pacientes con enfermedad primaria impulsó a distintos consensos, tan-to clínicos como de laboratorio para su correcta identificación. Entre los pacientes con SAF destaca la forma de presentación catastrófica, de baja prevalencia, pero impor-tante por su mal pronóstico, caracterizada por el compromiso de múltiples sistemas en corto tiempo. Presentamos el caso de una paciente del Hospital Clínico San Borja-Arriarán con diag-nóstico de SAF primario, que presentó en su evolución la forma catastrófica. Este caso sirve de base para una revisión del proceso diagnóstico del SAF en relación a otras patologías reumatológicas y las características propias del SAF catastrófico.

Antiphospholipid syndrome (APS) was described and characterized during the second half of the 20th century initially as a secondary prothrombotic phenome-non in the context of other connective tissue diseases, mainly lupus. However, the study of patients with primary disease prompted different consensus, both clin-ical and laboratory for their correct identification. Among patients with APS, the catastrophic presentation is of low prevalence, but important because of its poor prognosis, characterized by the commitment of multiple systems in a short time. We present the case of a patient from the San Borja-Arriaran Clinic Hospital with di-agnosis of primary APS, which presented the catastrophic form in its evolution. This case serves as a basis for a review of the diagnostic process of APS in relation to other rheumatologic pathologies and the characteristics of catastrophic APS.

Mejorando la respuesta patológica completa con tres esquemas diferentes de antraciclinas en densidad de dosis como primera línea en el tratamiento preoperatorio del cáncer de mama localmente avanzado / Improving the complete pathological response with three different schemes anthracyclines dose density as the first line in the preoperative treatment locally advanced breast cancer

Es un estudio prospectivo multiinstitucional que conlleva, a su vez, tres subestudios y luego se hace el metaanalisis de estos estudios piloto en pacientes con cáncer de mama localmente avanzado que reciben quimioterapia preoperatoria con antraciclinas en densidad de dosis seguido de tres esquemas diferentes, teniendo como objetivo llegar a la respuesta patológica completa (pCR). MATERIAL Y METODOS. Participaron 150 pacientes, 28 pacientes en el primer grupo (4AC+4AT), 57 pacientes en el segundo grupo (4AC+4CptT) y 65 pacientes en el tercer grupo (4AC+ 12 TXe), todos de inicio cánceres inoperables no metastásicos. RESULTADOS. En el primer grupo la RPC fue de 28 %, en el segundo grupo 20 % y en el tercer grupo 24 %, que se incrementó a 35 %, 19 %y 30 %, respectivamente, cuando solo se tabulo los datos de las pacientes que culminaron todo el tratamiento y que no presentaron progresión de enfermedad. CONCLUSIONES. En pacientes con tumores gigantes y en mds de 90 % EC III, las respuestas obtenidas son muy significativas solo con uso de quimioterapia, además de un ahorro económico importante al no usar biológicos. Con esto no se pretende ignorar la gran ayuda de los biológicos, simplemente que, para la realidad peruana, se proponen nuevas alternativas...

Is a prospective multi-institutional study involved three substudies in turn and then the meta-analysis of these pilot studies in patients with breast cancer with locally advanced receiving preoperative chemotherapy with anthracycline dose density followed by 3 different schemes, taking aim to reach the pCR. MATERIAL AND PATIENTS METHODS. 150 patients, 28 patients in the first group (4AC + 4AT), 57 patients in the second group (4CptT 4AC +) and 65 patients in the third group (4AC + I2TXe), all of them with inoperable cancers with nonmetastatic disease. RESULTS. The pCR In the first group was 28 %, in the second group 20% and in the third group 24 %, which increased to 35 %, 19 % and 30 % respectively when only the data of the patients culminating all treatment and no progression of disease was tabulated. CONCLUSIONS. Whereas these patients with giant tumors and in 90 % EC III responses obtained are significant only with use of chemotherapy, in addition to significant cost savings by not using biological agents. We not pretended ignore the evidence that the biological products help in excellent manner, but for our country this is an alternative good way...

BICAP tumor probe en el tratamiento paliativo de la estenosis esofágicas malignas / BICAP tumor probe in the treatment of malignant sophageal stenosis

Background: BICAP tumor probe is a device that consists in an energy source and olives that deliver bipolar electricity. It can be used for the fulguration of esophageal tumors after endoscopic dilatation. Aim: To report the experience in the treatment of malignant esophageal stenoses using the BICAP tumor probe. Patients and methods: Patients with advanced esophageal tumors in aphagia, that were not candidates for palliative surgery were included in this study. After endoscopic dilatation, the tumor was fulgurated with the BICAP tumor probe. Results: Twenty one patients (nine male, aged 43 to 91 years old) were treated with the device. A mean of 1.3 sessions with BICAP were necessary to obtain tumor permeabilization, which was obtained in all patients. One patient died of pneumonia 15 days after the procedure. All other patients were ingesting liquid or semisolid diets after two months of follow up. Mean survival after the procedure was 3.8 months. Conclusions: Electrical fulguration of esophageal tumors is a valid therapeutic alternative in aphagic patients