SIRT6 as a key event linking P53 and NRF2 counteracts APAP-induced hepatotoxicity through inhibiting oxidative stress and promoting hepatocyte proliferation

Acetaminophen (APAP) overdose is the leading cause of drug-induced liver injury, and its prognosis depends on the balance between hepatocyte death and regeneration. Sirtuin 6 (SIRT6) has been reported to protect against oxidative stress-associated DNA damage. But whether SIRT6 regulates APAP-induced hepatotoxicity remains unclear. In this study, the protein expression of nuclear and total SIRT6 was up-regulated in mice liver at 6 and 48 h following APAP treatment, respectively.

High-affinity glutamate transporters and chronic pain / 中南大学学报(医学版)

Glutamate serves as a major excitatory neurotransmitter in the mammalian central nervous system and is stored in synaptic deft by an uptake system that is dependent on the high-affinity glutamate transporters (ETTAs),which locate in the plasma membrane of glial cells and neurons.ETTAs can rapidly terminate the action of glutamate and maintain its normal physiological functions.If the content or function of glutamate transporters is abnormal,it can result in many physiological dysfunctions.Studies have demonstrated that high-affinity glutamate transporters play an important role in the development of chronic pain,which might be a new therapeutic target for the pain.

Expression and activity of transforming growth factor-β1, endothelial nitric oxide synthase in cavernous vascular structural remodeling of diabetic rats / 中华内分泌外科杂志

Objective To investigate the expression and activity of transforming growth factor-β1 (TGF-β1)and endothelial nitric oxide synthase(eNOS) in the cavernous vascular structural remodeling of diabetic rats.Methods 52 adult male SD rats were randomly assigned to experimental group(DM) and control group(NDM).In DM group,diabetes was induced in rats 4 days after intraperitoneal injection with streptozotocin.HbA1c was measured on 2,4,8,and 16 weeks after injection.Penile tissues were harvested.The protein expression of TGFβ1 and eNOS in situ was evaluated by the Envision immunohistochemistry.Results Compared to NDM group,the expression of the HbA1c increased significantly in DM group on the 16th week(P ＜0.01),both the penile erection rate and penile erectile times decreased significantly in DM group on the 16th week (P ＜ 0.01),and the value of eNOS decreased on the 16th week(P ＜0.01).The expression of TGF-β1 went up in DM group compared to NDM group on the 8th week (P ＜ 0.01) and sustained to the 16th week (P ＞ 0.05).In DM group,we found that TGF-β1 protein in cavernous body of penis was positively related with age in weeks(r =0.947,P ＜0.01) ; and eNOS in cavernous body of penis was negatively related with age in weeks (r =-0.945,P ＜ 0.01).Meanwhile,the expression of TGF-β was negatively related with the eNOS(r =-0.891,P ＜0.01).Conclusion Our results indicate that TGF-β1 plays an important role in the pathogenesis of diabetic erectile dysfunction(ED) and TGF-β1 inhibition may be a promising strategy to prevent development of diabetic ED.

HPLC Determination of Saponins in Zhixiao Suppositories / 中国实验方剂学杂志

Objective: To denvolop HPLC an method for the determination of the content of three saponins in Zhixiao suppositories. Methods: Analysis carriedout was performed on a Kromasil C18 column (4.6 mm×250 mm., 5μm)at 23℃. The mobile phases were methanol and 0.2% phosphoricacid solution in a gradient elution. The flow rate was set at 1.0 mL·min-1 and the ultraviolet detector was operated at 203 nm. Results: The linear ranges of notoginsenoside R1, ginsenoside Rg1 and ginsenoside Rb1 were 0.368～2.76μg,0.676～5.07 μg and 0.812～6.09μg,respectively. The average recoveries of the three saponins were 98.53%, 99.20% and 99.35%, respectively. The RSD (n=5) were 2.11%, 1.88% and 2.38%, respectively. Conclusion: The separation is a good and the results are accurate and reproducible. It can be used for the quality control of Zhixiao suppositories.