RESUMO
Objective To observe the changes of the concentration of Ca2+, contents of cAMP, CaM and activity of Ca2+/CaM-PK II in pheochromocytoma PC12 cells after combined soman and hypoxia injury. Methods The changes of ［Ca2+］, and activity of CaM, cAMP and Ca2+/CaM-PK II in PC12 cells were studied after combined soman and hypoxia injury with radioimmunoassay. Results The changes of ［Ca2+］, the contents of CaM, cAMP were significantly higher in hypoxic and soman intoxicated group than in soman intoxicated group and control group under hypoxia; but the activity of Ca2+/CaM-PK Ⅱ were significantly decreased. Conclusion ［Ca2+］, CaM, cAMP and Ca2+/CaM-PK Ⅱ exert important role in the damage of PC12 after combined soman and hypoxia injury.
RESUMO
The effects of acute cyanide intoxication on the monoamine transmitters of the brain of the rats were observed.The level of dopamine (DA),norepinephrine(NE),serotonin (5-HT),and 5-hydroxyindoleacetic acid (5-HIAA) in the rat brain was measured 3,5,10,30,45 and 60 minutes after the animals were poisoned with intraperitoneal injection of NaCN.It was found that the level of the 4 monoamine transmitters was doseage-dependentty decreased and a lower dosage of 2.36 mg/kg of NaCN increased the level of DA and NE at the 45th minute after intoxication.It was also found that cyanide-induced convulsions were accompanied with a significant decrease of brain monoamine transmitters.It is believed that the changes of the level of mona-mine transmitters in the brain may play a role in the central intoxication of cyanide.
RESUMO
The effects of 4 efficacious cyanide antidotes, 4-dimethylaminophenol (4-DMAP) , P-aminopropiophenone hydrochloride (PAPP. HC1), NaNO2, and di-cobalt ethyleneamino-tetraacetate (Co2-EDTA), on the liver and kidney functions and on the blood gases and serum levels of lactate and potassium were investigated in rabbits. The former 3 agents can convert hemoglobin into me-themoglobin, and the dosages that are required to convert 30~35% of total hemoglobin into methemoglobjn are 15mg/kg, 35mg/kg, and 55 mg/kg for 4-DMAP, PAPP . HC1 and NaNO2 respectively. Obviously, 4-DMAP is the most potent one. Co2-EDTA can directly combine with cyanides to form nontoxic complex without affecting hemoglobin.According to the results of the 2-hour observation on the acute experiments in rabbits, all the 4 agents exert no harmful effects on the liver functions. 4-DMAP and PAPP. HC1 are also not harmful to the kidneys. But serum urea nitrogen was increased to 204% above the normal 30 minutes after intravenous NaNO2 (110 mg/kg) , and to 171% 90 minutes after intravenous Co2-EDTA(40 mg/kg) . Apparently, both the agents are injurious to the renal functions.4-DMAP can decrease the blood level of lactate. NaNO2 exerts most marked effect on the serum level of potassium. After the administration of 55 mg/kg and 110 mg/kg of NaNO2/the serum potassium level was increased 2.5 and 4.5 fold respectively. The larger the dose of NaNO2, the higher the serum potassium level, and more quickly the elevation of potassium level occurs.4-DMAP has a transient action on the arterial Po2 which usually returns to normal in 30 minutes. The action of NaNO2 and PAPP. HC1 on the blood gases are essentially similar, they can quickly lower the arterial Po2 but its recovery to normal is sluggish.
RESUMO
The toxicity of HCN inhaled via the respiratory tract in dogs and the therapeutic effects of DMAP and AmNO2 for such form of HCN intoxication were studied. The LD50 of HCN when inhaled was 850.4?80.4?g/kg.When the dosage of 2?LD50 of HCN was given to the experimental animals, the signs of intoxication developed rapidly. Uneasiness, struggling, strident barking, and respiratory excitation were observed several seconds after the exposure. Subsequently there was spasm of the extensors and rigidity of the extremities. Finally general inhibition and paralysis ensued. Respiration and heart beat stopped 6 and 7 minutes after exposure. If DMAP (3.25 mg/kg intramuscularly) or AmNO2 (2 ampules through inhalation) was administered 15 seconds after exposure, the survival rate of the animals was 90% or 100% respectively.When the dosage of 4?LD50 of HCN was inhaled and the two drugs were administered 45 seconds after exposure, the survival rate of the animals treated with DMAP remained as high as 90% (9/10) .But the survival rate of those treated with two ampules of AmNO2 or even three ampules reduced to 20% or 40% respectively.The amount of HCN inhaled during respiratory intoxication, the problems of early diagnosis and the administration of DMAP at the site of accident were analyzed and discussed.