Predictive value of biphasic CT air trapping sign and semi-quantitative score in predicting abnormal blood gas index and progression to severe disease in COVID-19 patients / 中华放射学杂志

Objective:To explore the predictive value of low-dose biphasic (inspiratory and expiratory) CT air trapping sign and semi-quantitative score in predicting abnormal blood gas parameters and progression to severe disease in COVID-19 patients.Methods:Patients with non-severe COVID-19 who were diagnosed by nucleic acid testing and hospitalized in designated hospitals in Wuxi City from January 23 to February 29, 2020 were prospectively and consecutively recruited. All patients received low-dose biphasic CT examination on admission and repeated CT examination at regular intervals during the course. On the inspiratory phase admission of the bipolar CT, the scope of the lesion was evaluated by semi-quantitative score, and the air trapping sign on bipolar CT was assessed. The differences of semi-quantitative score, the presence of the air trapping sign and other clinical factors were compared between the patients with abnormal and the normal blood gas index, as well as between the cases progressed to severe disease and cases without disease progression using the independent sample t-test or χ 2 test. The area under the curve (AUC) of receiver operating characteristic (ROC) and the comprehensive discriminant improvement index (IDI) were used to evaluate the predictive effectiveness of the semi-quantitative scores, air trapping sign, and combination of two factors in differentiating cases with abnormal and normal blood gas indexes, as well as in differentiating cases with and without disease progression to severe COVID-19 cases. Results:In total 51 non-severe COVID-19 cases were included, with 16 cases showed air trapping sign during the first biphasic CT examination on admission. During the course of the disease, there were 13 patients with abnormal blood gas index, and 9 cases displaying air trapping sign (9/13). All 7 cases with progression to severe cases showed air trapping sign (7/7). Patients with advanced age, air trapping sign and higher semi-quantitative score were found more likely to have abnormal blood gas index ( t=3.10, χ 2=9.38, t=3.34, P<0.05); patients with advanced age, underlying diseases, air trapping sign and higher semi-quantitative score were more likely to develop into severe disease ( t=2.68, χ 2=6.65, χ 2=4.25, t=4.33, P<0.05). The AUC of semi-quantitative score, air trapping sign and combination of two factors in distinguishing abnormal blood gas index from normal blood gas index was 0.803, 0.754 and 0.794 respectively. The AUC of semi-quantitative score, air trapping sign and combination of two factors in distinguishing cases with progression to severe cases from non-progression was 0.881, 0.898 and 0.932, respectively. Air trapping sign combined with semi-quantitative score significantly improved the prediction effectiveness of disease progression, compared with semi-quantitative score or air trapping sign (IDI=0.271, 0.117). Conclusion:Air trapping sign and semi-quantitative score might be used as effective indicators to predict the progression of COVID-19 cases, and the combination of these two factors might be more helpful to predict the disease progression.

Prognostic value of prognostic nutritional index in patients with non small cell lung cancer / 中国医师杂志

Objective To investigate the prognostic value of prognostic nutritional index (PNI) in patients with non-small cell lung cancer.Methods A total of 179 patients with non small cell lung cancer was enrolled in our hospital from November 2010 to January 2014.All patients were pathologically confirmed to be non small cell lung cancer.The clinical data of patients were collected,and the PNI values of each patient were calculated.The patients were divided into 4 groups according to the patients in the PNI of the patients in the treatment group (PNIQ0-25 group,PNIQ25-50 group,PNIQ50-75 group and PNIQ75-100 group).The survival curve was drawn by Kaplan-Meier method,and the difference of progression free survival (DFS) and overall survival (OS) of each group was compared by Log-rank method.Results (1) compared with PNIQ0-25 group,PNIQ25-50 group,PNIQ50-75 group and PNIQ75-100 group,there was signifi cant difference in age,smoking and KPS score (P ＜ 0.05).(2) the PNIQ0-25 group had a median overall survival of 11.5 months (95％ CI:6.6 ～ 15.4),the 3 year survival rate was 6.7％;PNIQ25-50 group had a median overall survival of 12.2 months (95％ CI:9.1 ～ 18),the 3 year survival rate was 6.4％ in PNIQ50-75 group;the median overall survival was 14.1 the month of (95％ CI:8.7 ～ 13.3),the 3 year survival rate was 11.4％,the PNIQ75-100 group had a median overall survival of 15 months (95％ CI:12.3 ～ 17.8),the 3 year survival rate was 11.6％.The Log-rank test,the four groups of patients with a significant difference in overall survival (x2 =15.6,P =0.001).(3) the PNIQ0-25 group had a median progres sion free survival was 5 months for (95％ CI:4.3 ～5.6),the 3 year progression free survival rate was 4.4％;PNIQ25-50 group had a median progression free survival was 6.4 months for (95％ CI:4.7 ～8.1),the 3 year progression free survival rate was 4.3％ in the PNIQ50-75 group;the median progression free survival was 7.4 months (95％ CI:6 ～ 8.7),the 3 year progression free survival rate was 9.1％ in PNIQ75-100 group,the median progression free survival was 8.9 months for (95％ CI:6.4 ～ 10.8),the 3 year progression free survival rate was 9.3％ by Log-rank test,survival was statistically significant was no difference between the four groups (x2 =26.7,P =0.000).Conclusions PNI has a good application value in the prognosis of patients with non-small cell lung cancer.

Stability of sodium nitroprusside for injection in two different dissolvants / 药学实践杂志

Objective To study the stability of sodium nitroprusside for injection in 5% glucose injection and 0 .9%sodium chloride injection ,and provide reference for clinical rational drug use .Methods The content of sodium nitroprusside for injection in different dissolvants(5% glueose ,sodium chloride injection) within 26 h was determined by HPLC .The change of micro particle was measured by light blockage method in accordance with China pharmacopeia(2010 edition) ,and the appearance and UV visible absorption spectroscopy and pH ,the osmotic pressure of the mixtures were observed as well .Results The changes in appearnace ,UV visible absorption spectroscopy ,pH value ,content and microparticle were not significant .Conclusion Sodium nitroprusside for injection were stable within 26 h after mixing with different dissolvants (5% glueose ,sodium chloride injection) .

Advances in the researches of lutein and alzheimer's disease / 中华预防医学杂志

Lutein, a kind of oxycarotenoid, can pass the blood brain barrier and preferentially accumulate in the human brain, which is the most abundant carotenoid in human brain. Evidence from multiple studies suggested that lutein was closely related to age-related cognitive decline and risk of Alzheimer's disease (AD) in human. Dietary, plasma and brain concentrations of lutein were negatively associated with age-related cognitive decline. Lutein concentrations in plasma and brain were significantly lower in AD patients than those of health control. In human brain, lutein was the sole carotenoid which consistently associated with a range of cognitive function measures. In elderly women, lutein supplement can improve the cognitive function. In this article, we systematically reviewed the literature on the role of lutein in age-related cognitive decline and alzheimer's disease and its possible mechanisms. It may prove some benefit information for the advanced research and prevention of AD.

Optimization of Compatibility Plan for Sodium Nitroprusside and Infusions by Orthogonal Design / 中国药师

Objective:To investigate the best compatibility plan for nitroprusside sodium for injection. Methods: An L16 (43 × 26 ) orthogonal design was used with four factors:temperature, solvent, solvent volume and time. The content of sodium nitroprusside was detected by HPLC, the insoluble particles were observed by a GWF-5J type particle analyzer, pH was detected by a PHS-2C preci-sion acidity meter, and a comprehensive scoring method was used to optimize the compatibility plan. Results:The optimized compati-bility plan was as follows:50mg sodium nitroprusside was dissolved in 250ml sodium chloride injections, avoiding light and used up in 26h. Conclusion:The plan provides scientific basis for the clinical medication.

Compatible Stability of Sodium Nitroprusside for Injection in Two Infusions / 中国药师

Objective:To evaluate the compatible stability of sodium nitroprusside for injection ( SNP) in two kinds of solutions (5% glucose and sodium chloride injections) . Methods:A, B, C and D solution of SNP was respectively prepared according to the concentration of clinical use. The stability of SNP solution was studied in different environment with different storing time, and the as-sessment indices included the appearance, insoluble particles, pH value, ultraviolet-visible absorption spectrum and SNP content. Re-sults:The SNP solutions in 5% glucose and sodium chloride injections were stable in 26 hours in photophobic condition at 20℃ and 35℃. Under an incandescent lamp with or without lightproof, the solutions were very unstable. Conclusion:Both sodium chloride and 5% glucose injections can be used as the solvent for SNP with 26h stability. SNP injections prepared and used in clinics should be pre-served away from light to ensure the safety and effectiveness.

Analysis of factors relating to serum lutein level in elderly patients with early age-related macular degeneration / 中华老年医学杂志

Objective To explore the factors relating to serum lutein level in elderly patients with early age-related macular degeneration (AMD).Methods 102 early AMD patients diagnosed by international diagnostic criteria were selected.The level of serum lutein was measured by HPLC,and dietary intake was estimated by food-frequency questionnaire (FFQ).The factors relating to serum lutein level were analyzed by Pearson correlation and multiple regression analysis models.Results Serum lutein level was higher in female AMD patients than in male AMD patients [(0.33±0.31) μmol/L vs.(0.21 ±0.19) μmol/L,t=2.21,P＜0.05].Serum lutein level was positively correlated with dietary lutein (r=0.49,P＜ 0.001),but not correlated with age,BMI,and other nutrient intake after adjustment for caloric intake.Dietary lutein was mainly from corn,spinach,leeks,eggs,chrysanthemum,pumpkin,broccoli,lettuce,asparagus and peas.Intakes of spinach,pumpkin,asparagus were significantly associated with serum lutein level.Conclusions Elderly patients with AMD should increase the intakes of lutein-rich vegetables to increase the serum lutein level.

Expression of circadian gene Per2 and VEGF in NSCL tissue and its clinical significance / 中国基层医药

Objective To detect the expression of Per2 and VEGF in NSCLC tissue,and analyze its clinical significance.Methods The expression of Per2 and VEGF was measured in 60 NSCLC and 20 normal lung tissue by immunohistochemistry assay,then the relation with clinicopathological parameters was analyzed.Results The positive expression rate of Per2 in NSCLC and in normal lung tissue were 71.7％ and 95.0％ ( x2 =4.683,P ＜0.05 ),while the positive expression rate of VEGF were 58.3％ and 15％ (x2 =11.295,P ＜ 0.01 ).The negative expression of Per2 in NSCLC was correlated with pathological differentiation or TNM stage( x2 =4.413,6.179,all P ＜0.05),while the positive expression of VEGF in NSCLC was correlated with pathological differentiation or lymphatic metastasis (x2 =6.524,P ＜ 0.05 ).The expression of Per2 was negatively correlated with the expression of VEGF in NSCLC (r =-0.381,P ＜ 0.01 ).Conclusion The overexpression of VEGF in NSCLC may contribute to invasion and metastasis,while Per2 may be a beneficial prognosis factor in patients with NSCLC.

Application of Remifentanil in General Anesthesia in Cesarean Section / 中国医师进修杂志

Objective Observing the effect of general anesthesia (GA) with remifentanil on parturients undergoing cesarean section and Apgar score of child.Methods 40 parturients were divided into two groups,GA combined remifentanil (group A,n =20) and standard GA(group B,n =20).Observe the change of hemodynamics parameter and Apgar score of child.Results In group A than in group B maternal hemodynamic index smooth,two groups of intubation after lmin SBP,DBP,HR decreased,while the5 min after intubation returned to normal.SBP DBP,HR before induction,the difference between groups was not statistically significant (P＞ 0.05),the two group after induction,SBP,DBP,HR intubation after 1 min were (120.8 ± 19.6 mm Hg,80.6 ± 11.2 mm Hg,98.1 ± 17.1 BPM),(128.1 ± 17.5 mm Hg,98.9 ± 13.8mm Hg,108.7 ± 20.7 BPM) after intubation of 5 min were (98.3 ± 24.7 mm Hg 75.3 ± 13.8 mm Hg,79.9 ±22.6 BPM),(121.5 ± 16.2 mm Hg,88.6 ± 13.7 mm Hg,110.5 ± 17.4 BPM) had a significant difference (P ＜ 0.05),neonatal 1 min,5 min Apgar score,no significant differences between the two groups (P ＞0.05).Conclusion When remifentanil is used in the general anesthesia,its inducing is smoothly and it is no significant bad effect on the newborn.

Prevalence of hypertension among urban residents in Mongolian region of Hulunbeier / 中华健康管理学杂志

Objective To investigate the prevalence of hypertension among adult residents in Mongolian region of Hulunbeier. Methods A total of 1536 adult residents were selected by using cluster sampling method, and 1496 completed the questionnaire survey. Blood pressure was measured for each participant. Results The prevalence of hypertension was 31.1%. Higher prevalence of hypertension was found in male ( 42. 0% vs 24. 5%, P ＜ 0. 05 ) and the elderly. No statistically significant difference of prevalence of hypertension was investigated in different nationalities (P ＞ O. 05 ). Conclusion The prevalence of hypertension among adult residents in Mongolian region of Hulunbeier is relatively higher.

The application of 6-minute walk test in evaluating the surgical effect of congenital heart disease with pulmonary hypertension / 中国基层医药

Objective To investigate the application data of 6-minute walk test to evaluate the surgical effect of congenital heart disease with pulmonary hypertension.Methods 83 cases of congenital heart disease with pulmonary hypertension were selected and divided into mild(28 patients) ,moderate(30 patients) and severe(25 patients)three groups according to the ultrasound preoperative pulmonary artery systolic pressure estimation (SPAP), all patients underwent surgery correction of heart defects, and before and after surgery the patients were detected SPAP and 6MWT,6MWT observed for evaluating the effect of surgery. Results After surgery,the SPAP of, mild, moderate and severe group were ( 28.7 ± 5. 6) mm Hg, ( 28.7 ± 5.6 ) mm Hg, ( 28.7 ± 5.6 )mm Hg, significantly decreased, 6 MWT were (436. 5 ± 37. 0) m, ( 411.0 ± 39. 8 ) m, ( 338.7 ± 32. 4 ) m, significantly increased, more significant changes in moderate group; The mechanical ventilation and ICU stay of severe group were ( 12. 6 ± 3.2) h, ( 5.5 ± 1.0) d, significandy longer than the mild and moderate groups ( t = 11. 770,6. 118,18. 721,9. 970, all P ＜ 0. 05 ). Conclusion 6-minute walk test to evaluate the surgical effect of congenital heart disease with pulmonary hypertension had clinical significance,and in moderate to severe pulmonary hypertension in patients with clinical assessment more meaningful,and it was worthy of attention.

The study of patients' positions for needle-assisted thoracoscopic sympathicotomy / 中华护理杂志

Objective To explore the effect of three surgical positions on needle-assisted thoracoscopic sympathicotomy. Methods Sixty patients undergoing needle-assisted thoracoscopic sympathicotomy were divided into lateral position group，Fowler position group，and modified Fowler position group. The position of the endotracheal tube，noninvasive blood pressure (NIBP) and heart rate were monitored before and after the body position was changed. Moreover，the exposure of surgical field,operation time and comfort degree of patients were recorded. Results The operations were completed successfully under the three positions. Modified Fowler position provided better surgical field and higher comfort degree of patients. Moreover,it was convenient for operative procedure and shortened the operation duration. Conclusion During the operation of needle-assisted thoracoscopic sympathicotomy,modified Fowler position can provide better surgical exposure,enhance comfort of patients,stabilize hemodynamics and shorten operation duration.

Clinical characteristics of 277 pregnant women with blood glucose screening / 中华全科医师杂志

Clinical data of 277 pregnant women attended to nutrition clinic at Haidian District Maternity and Children's Hospital,Beijing were analyzed retrospectively,including 64 cases of gestational diabetes mellitus(GDM),85 cases of gestational impaired glucose tolerance(GIGT)and 128 normal women(84 normal fasting blood glucose and 44 abnormal fasting blood glucose but normal glucose challenge test,GCT).There was a higher proportion of pregnant women with family history of diabetes among those with abnormal GCT.as compared to those with normal GCT(P＜0.05).Mean age was significantly higher in women with GDM than that in normal ones(P＜0.05),but no statistically significant difference in it was found between women with GIGT and normal GCT(P＞0.05).Body weight in women with GIGT was higher both before pregnancy and at GCT than that in normal ones(P＜0.05).Serum levels of total cholesterol and triglyceride presented an increasing trend in pregnant women of varied groups since their first prenatal care visits(P＜0.05),higher in those with GDM and/or GIGT than those in normal ones(P＜0.01).

The Study of Hypertension and its Related Factors among Mongolian Residents in Hulunbeier Region / 中国慢性病预防与控制

Objective To investigate the prevalence of hypertension and its related factors in Hulunbeier Mongolian region. Method A stratified multistage sampling was used to select residents aged 18 and over in a town of Hulunbeier region. 453 persons served as subjects for this questionnaire survey. Their blood pressure, height, weight, waist circumference were measured and body mass index (BMI) were calculated. Then an analysis of the prevalence of hypertension and its related risk factors were performed. Results The hypertension prevalence rate was 34.5%, the standardized rate was 45.4%, and the prevalence in men (48.9%) was significantly higher than that in women (25.4%) (P50 (OR=11.312, 95%CI 4.309~22.132), BMI (2.255, 1.180~4.311), gender (OR=2.788, 1.461~5.323) and drinking (2.306, 1.287~4.134) were significantly related to hypertension. Conclusion The standardized prevalence of hypertension in Hulunbeier Mongolian region is higher than the average prevalence in China, 2002. Old age, abdominal obesity, overweight or obesity, male and alcohol drinking were the main risk factors for hypertension in this region. The government and the health sector should strengthen the health education of healthy lifestyle and health promotion and the control.

THE RESPONSES OF VISUAL FUNCTION TO LUTEIN SUPPLEMENTS IN PEOPLE WITH LONG-TERM DISPLAY LIGHT EXPOSURE / 营养学报

Objective To examine the effect of lutein supplementation on visual function in people with long-term display light exposure. Method Thirty-seven persons (age 22-30) with long-term display light exposure were divided into low-dose group, high-dose group, and placebo group involving supplementation with 6 mg lutein/d, 12 mg lutein/d, and placebo for 12 w. The levels of serum lutein and visual function indices such as break-up time (BUT), critical flicker fusion frequency (CFF), visuognosis persistence, and reaction time were measured at week 0 and 12. Results After lutein supplementation serum concentrations of high-dose group and low-dose group increased from (0.328?0.120) ?mol/L to (0.733?0.354) ?mol/L, and from (0.356?0.117) ?mol/L to (0.607?0.176) ?mol/L respectively. There was significant increase of break up time in left eyes of high-dose group. Visuognosis persistence was significantly improved, and significant decrease of simple reaction time was observed in high-dose group. No statistical change was observed in critical flicker fusion frequency, discriminative reaction time and choice reaction time during the study. Conclusion Visual function indices such as break-up time, visuognosis persistence and simple reaction time in people with long-term display light exposure who received lutein supplements were significantly improved.

THE ROLE OF SERUM TRANSFERRIN RECEPTOR IN SCREENING IRON DEFICIENCY IN NON-PREGNANT WOMEN OF REPRODUCTIVE AGE / 营养学报

Objectives: To study the reliability and sensitivity of serum transferrin receptor(sTfR) and sTfR/SF in assessing iron status,and explore the efficacy for monitoring early iron deficiency. Methods:941 women at reproductive age from Hebei Province and Shunyi county were included in the study. We determined the serum ferritin (SF)、zinc protoporphyrin (ZPP) and hemoglobin (Hb), and divided them into four groups: iron normal, IDS (iron deficiency store),IDE (iron deficiency erythropoiesis),IDA (iron deficiency anemia), according to the current criteria for assessing iron status. We randomly selected 189 aliquotes of serum from four groups to determine their sTfR and calculated the ratio of sTfR/SF, ie, sTfR/LogSF、Log (sTfR/SF). Results: sTfR increased significantly according to ID status of different stages,but sTfR/SF greatly increased in all stages. sTfR correlated with the conventional iron status parameters significantly, and could reflect the different aspects of iron status. The efficacy of Log (sTfR/SF) in identifying iron store deficiency reached 99%,higher than sTfR/LogSF and sTfR. sTfR can effectively identify functional iron deficiency,with the efficacy of 83%. Conclusion: sTfR and sTfR/SF all are promising for assessing iron status and screening iron deficiency in women at reproductive age.

THE DETERMINATION AND CONTENTS OF LUTEIN,ZEAXANTHIN AND ?-CAROTENE IN VEGETABLES IN BEIJING REGION / 营养学报

Objective To determine the contents of lutein,zeaxanthin and ?-carotene in 31 vegetables.Method High performance liquid chromatography method with Develosil C30 column and ultraviolet detector was used to detect lutein,zeaxanthin and ?-carotene at wavelength of 480nm.A gradient elution method with elution A (acetonitrile:methol=75:25) and B (methyl-tert-butyl-ether) was used to separate the carotenoids in both raw and cooked vegetables.Results The retention time of lutein,zeaxanthin and ?-carotene was 10.355,10.732 and 20.789 min respectively.The contents of lutein,zeaxanthin and ?-carotene were linearly related with the peak area.Analysis showed that dark leafy vegetable such as amaranth,Chinese celery leaf,parsley,spinach and pakchoi petiole contained the highest amount of lutein.Zeaxanthin was detected only in dehydrated daylily.There was little or no loss of lutein,zeaxanthin and ?-carotene but an average increase in lutein and ?-carotene in vegetables after cooking.Conclusion Vegetables,especially dark leafy vegetables are major sources of dietary lutein,and ?-carotene.Consuming cooked vegetables tends to increase the intakes of lutein,zeaxanthin and their bioavailability.

EFFECT OF MILK BASIC PROTEIN ON BONE METABOLISM IN NORMAL AND OVARIECTOMIZED RATS / 营养学报

Objective To investigate the effect of milk basic protein (MBP) on bone metabolism in normal and ovariectomized (Ovx) rats. Method Forty-eight female Sprague-Dawley rats were ovariectomized and another 12 rats received sham operation (Sham). After 10 d recovery period, the Ovx rats were randomly divided into 4 groups: control, low-dose, medium-dose, and high-dose MBP group. Another 44 normal female rats without ovariectomy were also divided into 4 groups as above. The MBP dosages for each group were respectively 0, 10, 20, 30 mg/kg bw. All rats were i.g. administered for 90 d. Bone mineral density (BMD) of the femur (at proximal end, middle of diaphysis, and distal end) was measured by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry in vivo. The amounts of calcium, magnesium and phosphorus were analyzed by ICP-AES. Results BMD at distal end of femur was significantly higher in normal low-dose group than in normal control group while no significant effect was observed in Ovx MBP groups. As for the amounts of calcium, magnesium and phosphorus, there were no significant differences among normal experimental groups and also among Ovx experimental groups. However, some variations in the level of those minerals were observed. Conclusion MBP at 10 mg/kg bw significantly elevated BMD at femoral distal end in normal rats, while no similar effect was observed in Ovx rats. Besides its influence on bone minerals, there may be another mechanism involved in its effect on bone metabolism.