Research progress on the effect of α7 nicotinic acetylcholine receptor on perioperative neurocognitive function / 解放军医学杂志

α7 nicotinic acetylcholine receptor(α7nAChR)is widely expressed in the central nervous system and immune system,and plays a neuro-immunoregulatory role.On the one hand,α7nAChR is involved in the transmission of neurotransmitters,the conduction of excitatory signals and the maintenance of synaptic plasticity,which is of great significance for maintaining the normal and stable neurocognitive function.On the other hand,as an important part of the cholinergic anti-inflammatory pathway,α7nAChR is involved in the regulation of physiological and pathological processes such as inflammatory response,oxidative stress,apoptosis and autophagy in the central system,and plays an immunomodulatory and neuroprotective role,thus being potential target for improving perioperative neurocognitive function.This article reviews the biological characteristics of α7nAChR and its effect on perioperative neurocognitive function,in order to provide ideas and methods for clinical improvement of perioperative neurocognitive function in surgical patients.

Clinical efficacy of femtosecond laser-assisted cataract surgery combined with PanOptix trifocal intraocular lens implantation / 国际眼科杂志(Guoji Yanke Zazhi)

AIM: To evaluate the clinical efficacy of femtosecond laser-assisted cataract surgery combined with PanOptix trifocal intraocular lens implantation.METHODS:The retrospective study enrolled 22 cases(26 eyes)of cataract patients who underwent femtosecond laser-assisted cataract surgery combined with PanOptix trifocal intraocular lens implantation from August 2020 to August 2021. Follow-up to 3mo after surgery, the changes of far, intermediate and near visual acuity, aberration, Strehl ratio(SR)and modulation transfer function cutoff(MTF-cutoff)frequency were compared. Defocus curve at 1mo postoperatively was made, and the visual quality and satisfaction were evaluated after 3mo of surgery.RESULTS: The visual acuity of all patients was better than 0.1(LogMAR)at the far, intermediate and near distance at 1d, 1wk, 1 and 3mo postoperatively, and it was significantly improved compared with those before surgery(all P<0.01). The defocus curve transitioned smoothly between +0.5 and -3.0D at 1mo after surgery, and visual acuity was better than 0.63. The total aberration and spherical aberration in the whole eye were significantly lower after surgery than before, and the SR and MTF-cutoff were significantly improved at 1d and 1wk after surgery(all P<0.05). With high satisfaction and good visual quality, patients could watch at far, intermediate and near distance without wearing glasses at 3mo after surgery.CONCLUSION: Femtosecond laser-assisted cataract surgery combined with PanOptix trifocal intraocular lens implantation gave patients a comfortable and satisfactory full-course vision.

Current application and limitations of augmented reality in the stomatology / 中华口腔医学杂志

Computer-assisted technology are gradually integrated into dental education and clinical treatment. As a cutting-edge technology in computer-aided medicine, augmented reality can not only be used as an aid to dental education by presenting three-dimensional scenes for teaching demonstration and experimental skills training, but also can superimpose virtual image information of patients onto real lesion areas for real-time feedback and intraoperative navigation. This review explores the current applications and limitations of augmented reality in dentistry to provide a reference for future research.

Effects of peripartum treatment on delivery outcomes in women with primary immune thrombocytopenia: a prospective cohort study / 中华围产医学杂志

Objective:To investigate the effects of peripartum administration of low-dose corticosteroids or intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIG) on delivery outcomes in pregnant patients with primary immune thrombocytopenia (ITP).Methods:This prospective cohort study involved pregnant women (≥34 gestational weeks) who were diagnosed with ITP in Peking University People's Hospital from January 2017 to December 2021. Their platelet counts were between 20×10 9/L to 50×10 9/L without bleeding and none of them had been treated with any medications. All patients were divided into medication group (prednisone or IVIG) and platelet transfusion group based on their preference. Differences in vaginal delivery rate, postpartum hemorrhage rate and platelet transfusion volume between the two groups were compared using t-test, Wilcoxon rank sum test and Chi-square test. Binary logistic regression was used to investigate the factors influencing the rates of vaginal delivery and postpartum hemorrhage. Multiple linear regression was used to analyze the factors influencing the platelet transfusion volume. Results:A total of 96 patients with ITP were recruited with 70 in the medication group and 26 in the platelet transfusion group. The vaginal delivery rate in the medication group was higher than that in the platelet transfusion group [60.0% (42/70) vs 30.8% (8/26), χ 2=6.49, P=0.013]. After adjusted by the proportion of multiparae and the gestational age at delivery, binary logistic regression showed that the increased vaginal delivery rate in patients undergoing the peripartum treatment ( OR=4.937, 95% CI: 1.511-16.136, P=0.008). The incidence of postpartum hemorrhage in the two groups was 22.9% (16/70) and 26.9% (7/26), respectively, but no significant difference was shown ( χ 2=0.17, P=0.789). The median platelet transfusion volume was lower in the medication group than in the platelet transfusion group [1 U(0-4 U) vs 1 U(1-3 U), Z=－2.18, P=0.029]. After adjustment of related factors including the platelet count at enrollment, obstetrical complications and anemia, multiple linear regression showed that the platelet transfusion volume was also lower in the medication group (95% CI:0.053-0.911, P=0.028). Ninety-six newborns were delivered without intracranial hemorrhage. The overall incidence of neonatal thrombocytopenia was 26.0% (25/96). There was no significant difference in birth weight, and incidence of neonatal asphyxia or thrombocytopenia between the two groups. Conclusion:Peripartum therapy in ITP patients may increase vaginal delivery rate and reduce platelet transfusion volume without causing more postpartum hemorrhage.

Molecular mechanism of a Matijin-su derivative for inhibiting proliferation, invasion and migration of prostate cancer cells / 中国药理学通报

Aim To investigate the effects of HXL130 on the proliferation, invasion and migration of prostate cancer PC3 cells and its molecular mechanism. Methods MTT assay was used to detect the effect of HXL130 on the proliferation of prostate cancer PC3 cells. Hoechst 33258 staining and flow cytometry were used to detect the effects on apoptosis and cell cycle of cancer cells. Transwell was used to detect the effects of compounds on the invasion and migration of cancer cells. Proteomic sequencing was employed to detect differentially expressed proteins (DEPs) induced by compound treatment of cancer cells. Bioinformatics was used to analyze the functions of DEPs and the related signaling pathways regulated by DEPs, and Western blot was used to verify the result. Results The survival rate of PC3 cells decreased with the increase of HXL130 concentration and treatment time. HXL130 could significantly induce cell apoptosis and block G

Maternal and infant outcomes of women with non-severe primary immune thrombocytopenia during two consecutive pregnancies: a self-controlled study / 中华围产医学杂志

Objective:To understand the progress, maternal morbidity, and maternal and infant outcomes in pregnant women with non-severe primary immune thrombocytopenia (ITP) during two consecutive pregnancies.Methods:This study retrospectively analyzed the clinical data of 40 patients with non-severe ITP who had two pregnancies and were treated at Peking University People's Hospital between June 2010 and June 2020. Platelet counts at different stages of pregnancy, treatments, maternal complications and neonatal outcomes were compared with Chi-square test, Fisher's exact test, paired sample t-test, non-parametric Wilcoxon signed rank test, independent sample t-test or non-parametric Mann-Whitney U test. Results:Among the 40 patients, 18 were diagnosed before and 22 were first diagnosed during the first gestation. Platelet counts and treatments in the 18 patients prior to their first conception were not significantly different from those in the 40 patients before their second pregnancy (all P>0.05). No significant difference in the average platelet count and thrombocytopenia severity at each stage of pregnancy, and maternal bleeding score or drug treatment was observed between the two pregnancies (all P>0.05), neither in the incidence of gestational hypertension, gestational diabetes, premature rupture of membranes, premature delivery, or anemia (all P>0.05). The incidences of postpartum hemorrhage and severe postpartum hemorrhage in the second pregnancy were 30.0%(12/40) and 22.5%(9/40), respectively, which were both higher than those in the first gestation [(7.5%(3/40) and 5.0%(2/40); χ2=6.64, 5.17; P=0.010, 0.023]. The amount of postpartum hemorrhage was higher in the second pregnancy than in the first [500 ml(213-795 ml) vs 300 ml(163-400 ml), Z=－2.34, P=0.019]. There was no significant difference in birth weight, the incidence of passive ITP or intracranial hemorrhage, or mortality between the neonates of the first and second pregnancy group (all P>0.05). The lowest platelet count in neonates within one week after birth in the second pregnancy group was (202.2±106.7)×10 9/L, which was lower than that of the first [(222.5±91.8)×10 9/L, Z=－2.04, P=0.041]. Conclusions:Non-severe ITP is not worse in the second pregnancy than in the first. In women with non-severe ITP, the incidence of maternal complications is not increased in the second pregnancy, but the risk of postpartum hemorrhage and the incidence of neonatal passive immune thrombocytopenia are raised.

Analysis of Risk Factors of Non-curative Resection of Endoscopic Submucosal Dissection for Early Colorectal Cancer and Precancerous Lesions / 胃肠病学

Background: The risk factors affecting the non ⁃ curative resection of endoscopic submucosal dissection (ESD) for early colorectal cancer and precancerous lesions were still lacking large scale studies in China. Aims: To analyze the efficacy of ESD for patients with early colorectal cancer and precancerous lesions, and explore the risk factors affecting the non⁃curative resection. Methods: A total of 229 patients with early colorectal cancer and precancerous lesions underwent ESD from September 2016 to September 2021 at Beijing Hospital were collected. The clinicopathological characteristics, efficacy of ESD were analyzed. Risk factors affecting the non ⁃ curative resection of ESD were analyzed by univariate analysis and Logistic multivariate regression analysis. Results: A total of 255 lesions were found. The en bloc resection rate was 90.2%, R0 resection rate was 87.8%, and curative resection rate was 83.5%. The total incidence of complications was 2.7%. Univariate analysis showed that detection rate of intraluminal protruding tumor (61.0% vs. 24.4%, P<0.05), rate of severe submucosal fibrosis (24.4% vs. 2.4%, P<0.05) were significantly increased in the non⁃curative resection group than in the curative resection group, and positive rate of lifting sign was significantly decreased (80.5% vs. 95.1%, P<0.05). Logistic multivariate regression analysis showed that intraluminal protruding tumor (OR=4.087, 95% CI: 1.523⁃10.968, P= 0.005) and severe submucosal fibrosis (OR=9.609, 95% CI: 1.107⁃83.439, P=0.04) were risk factors for ESD non⁃curative resection of early colorectal cancer and precancerous lesions. Conclusions: R0 resection rate and curative resection rate of ESD for early colorectal cancer and precancerous lesions are high, the incidence of surgical complications is low. Intraluminal protruding tumor, severe submucosal fibrosis are the independent risk factors of non⁃curative resection. Strict evaluation should be carried out before operation and reasonable treatment strategies should be formulated accordingly.

Chemical constituents of Cassia occidentalis / 中国中药杂志

Compounds(1-6) were isolated and identified from 90% ethanol extract of the stems and leaves of Cassia occidentalis through column chromatography with silica gel, ODS, and Sephadex LH-20. These compounds were identified as 7-hydroxy-5-(3-hydroxy-2-oxopropyl)-2-methyl-4H-chromen-4-one(1), saccharonol A(2), S-6-hydroxymullein(3), 2-methyl-5-acetonyl-7-hydroxy-chromone(4), 2-(2'-hydroxypropyl)-5-methyl-7-hydroxychromone(5) and 7,4'-dihydroxyflavone(6) based on their physicochemical and spectroscopic data. Among them, compound 1 was a new compound, and all the compounds were isolated from this plant for the first time. DPPH method was employed to determine the antioxidant activities of these compounds in vitro. Six compounds exhibited weak antioxidant activities.

Effects of N-Oleoylglycine and Oleate on Mitochondrial UCP1-independent Thermogenesis / 中国生物化学与分子生物学报

Besides UCP1-dependent thermogenesis pathways, UCP1-independent thermogenesis pathways also could increase heat production in adipose tissue to combat obesity. N-Acyl amino acids (NAAs) have been suggested as novel endogenous uncouplers to induce mitochondria UCP1-independent thermogenesis in adipose tissue. Here, we use mouse skeletal muscle C2C12 cells which lack of UCP1 as UCP1 negative cell models. Comparing with its corresponding common fatty acid—oleate, one of the NAAs—N-Oleoylglycine (NOGly), which is highly expressed in the plasma of HFD mice, is selected to study their effects and mechanisms on mitochondrial thermogenesis. We found that 60 μmol / L oleate could induce mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation protein levels, as well as increase mitochondria thermogenesis-related genes (COX8b, DIO2, UCP3) expression (P < 0. 05) . However, 60 μmol / L NOGly damaged the production and oxidative phosphorylation of mitochondria, significantly down-regulated expression of thermogenic genes (PGC1a, COX8b, COX2, DIO2, UQCRFS1and UCP3) (P< 0. 01), induced the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in the mitochondria, and enhanced the oxidative stress in cells. Our study found that oleate can induce UCP1-independent thermogenesis under 60 μmol / L addition dose, whereas NOGly does not due to the induction of oxidative stress in cells.

Effects of different doses of cis-atracurium on monitoring of motor-evoked potential in patients undergoing intracranial aneurysm clipping / 中华麻醉学杂志

Objective:To evaluate the effect of different doses of cisatracurium on the monitoring of motor-evoked potentials (MEPs) in the patients undergoing intracranial aneurysm clipping.Methods:Eighty patients of both sexes, aged 18-64 yr, with body mass index <30 kg/m 2, of American Society of Anesthesiologists physical statusⅠor Ⅱ, with Hunt-Hess grade 0-Ⅱ, undergoing intracranial aneurysm clipping under general anesthesia, were divided into 4 groups ( n=20 each) using a random number table method: conventional group (group R) and different doses of cis-atracurium groups (Cis 1-3 groups). After anesthesia induction, muscle relaxation was monitored, and train-of-four (TOF) stimulation (frequency 2 Hz, wave width 0.2 ms, interval 15 s) was applied to the ulnar nerve of forearm, and the TOF ratio was recorded as the baseline value (T 1). MEPs were assessed with a nerve electrophysiology monitor after induction of anesthesia.In Cis 1-3 groups, cis-atracurium 0.625, 0.833 and 1.000 μg·kg -1·min -1 were intravenously infused, while the equal volume of normal saline was given instead in group R when TOF ratio returned to the baseline value and MEPs could be effectively elicited.At T 1, immediately after dural incision (T 2), immediately after aneurysm occlusion (T 3) and immediately after dural closure (T 4), the TOF ratio, effective elicitation of intraoperative MEPs, and occurrence of intraoperative cardiovascular events, recovery of spontaneous breathing and body movement were recorded. Results:Compared with group R, no significant change was found in TOF ratio at each time point in group Cis 1 ( P>0.05), and TOF ratio was significantly decreased at T 2-4 in group Cis 2 and at T 2-4 in group Cis 3 ( P<0.05). Compared with group Cis 1, TOF ratio was significantly decreased at T 3, 4 in group Cis 2 and at T 2-4 in group Cis 3 ( P<0.05). The effective elicitation rate of MEPs was 100% in the four groups.There was no significant difference in the incidence of intraoperative cardiovascular events, recovery of spontaneous breathing and body movement among the four groups ( P>0.05). Conclusion:Continuous intravenous infusion of cis-atracurium 0.833-1.000 μg·kg -1·min -1 can maintain a certain degree of muscle relaxation without affecting MEP monitoring in the patients undergoing intracranial aneurysm clipping.

Chemical constituents of alcohol extract of Mori Fructus / 中草药

Objective: To investigate the chemical constituents of alcohol extract of Mori Fructus. Methods: The chemical constituents were isolated and identified by chromatography on silica gel, Sephadex LH-20, ODS, and RP-HPLC. Their structures were elucidated on the basis of physicochemical properties and spectral analyses. Results: Twelve compounds were isolated from the alcohol extract of Mori Fructus, and identified as mullignanoside (1), (7R,8S)-4,7,9,9’-tetrahydroxy-3,3’-dimethoxy-8-O-4’-neolignan- 9’-O-β-D-glucopyranoside (2), 2-phenylethyl-β-D-glucopyranoside (3), 1’-O-phenethyl-β-D-apiofuranosyl-(1→2)-β-D-glucopyranoside (4), benzyl-O-β-D-glucopyranoside (5), ergosterol peroxide (6), (24R)-6β-hydroxy-24-ethyl-cholest-4-en-3-one (7), (22E)-5α,8α- epidioxy-24-methyl-cholesta-6,9(11),22-trien-3β-ol (8), trans-(S)-(+)-abscisic acid (9), cis-(S)-(+)-abscisic acid (10), (S)-(+)-1- methyl-abscisic-6-acid (11) and phaseic acid (12). Conclusion: Compound 1 is a new compound named mullignanoside, and compounds 2, 7-12 are isolated from this plant for the first time.

Based on fingerprint and multi-index components to evaluate difference of Salvia miltiorrhiza between microwave extraction method and traditional extraction method / 中草药

Objective: To establish the UPLC fingerprint of Salvia miltiorrhiza microwave extraction method and traditional extraction method and identify the main chromatographic peaks, the chemometrics method was used to compare the chemical differences of different extraction methods. Methods: The separation was performed on a chromatographic Waters ACQUITY UPLC BEH sheid C18 column (100 mm × 2.1 mm, 1.7 μm), with acetonitrile (A)-0.1% aqueous formic acid (B) as the mobile phase gradient elution. The flow rate was 0.3 mL/min, the detection wavelength was 270 nm, and the fingerprints of traditional extraction method and microwave extraction method of S. miltiorrhiza; The content of eight index components was determined, and SPSS 22.0 software was used for principal component analysis and t-test analysis to further evaluate the difference between microwave extraction method and traditional extraction method. Results: The traditional extraction method and the microwave extraction method respectively calibrate 16 and 17 common peaks, and the content of eight index components was different. In the similarity evaluation, the fingerprints of different extraction methods of S. miltiorrhiza were compared, and the similarity was > 0.945. The content of the index components and the comprehensive mass fraction of the index components in the microwave extraction method were higher than the traditional extraction method, and the mean value of the eight index components showed that the microwave extraction method was higher than the traditional extraction method. Compared with the traditional extraction method, there were significant differences in the content of salvianic acid A sodium, protocatechuic aldehyde, rosmarinic acid, lithospermic acid, salvianolic acid B, cryptotanshinone, and tanshinone IIA (P < 0.05, 0.01). Conclusion: Through the comparison of fingerprints and chemometric methods, the overall chemical composition of S. miltiorrhiza under different extraction methods is similar. The content of chemical components is different by t-test, and the content of S. miltiorrhiza microwave extraction method is higher than traditional extraction method. It is concluded that the microwave extraction method has certain advantages compared with the traditional extraction method. The establishment of this method can lay a foundation for the wide application of microwave extraction method in the field of traditional Chinese medicine.

Application of ARIMA model in predicting monthly incidence of syphilis / 西安交通大学学报(医学版)

Objective To explore the value of the autoregressive integrated moving average model (ARIMA) applied to predict monthly incidence of syphilis so as to provide basis for prevention and control of syphilis . Methods Eviews 8 .0 was used to establish the ARIMA model based on the data of monthly incidence of syphilis in China from January 2009 to December 2015 .Then the data of the first half of 2016 were used to verify the predicted results .The predictions were evaluated by RMSE ,MAE ,MAPE and MRE models .Then the monthly incidence of syphilis in the second half of 2016 was predicted .Results The optimal model for the monthly incidence of syphilis from January 2009 to June 2016 was the model of ARIMA (2 ,1 ,1) × (0 ,1 ,1)12 ,its equation was (1 - B)(1 - B12 ) (1+0 .820 B)(1+0 .566 B2 ) x2t = (1+0 .365 B) (1+0 .897 B12 )εt ,its parameters are as follows :R2 =0 .832 ,RMSE=0 .181 ,MAE=0 .118 ,MAPE=5 .088 .The predicted monthly incidence values (10-5 ) of the second half of 2016 were 3 .124 ,3 .008 ,2 .906 ,2 .691 ,2 .714 ,and 2 .717 .Conclusion ARIMA model has a relatively good prediction precision .Therefore , it can make short-term prediction based on the evolution trend of monthly incidence of syphilis in China .

Principle and applications of fluorescent probes for intracellular redox detection / 上海交通大学学报（医学版）

Redox state indicated by reactive oxygen species (ROS) level is a cellular physiological feature.Redox status is exactly controlled by conserved system.Its alterations consequently modulate various biological activities and play important roles in cells and organism under physiological and pathological conditions.Hence detection of redox state is deemed as an important technique both in basic and clinical researches.The present article reviews the principle and current applications of fluorescent probes or sensors for redox detection.With comparison of properties of various probes,especially genetic coding fluorescence probes,much understanding will be gained.And the review helps us to understand how to apply the redox probes on the biological and clinical researches and eventually look forward to new applications in the cell and whole animal level.

Expression and Clinical Significance of Blood IL-37 in Patients with Chronic HBV / 现代检验医学杂志

Objective To study the expression levels of IL-37 in serum in chronic HBV(CHB)patients,and investigate their clinical significance in CHB patients.Methods The expression levels of IL-37 in serum from 35 CHB patients and 35 health-y controls were quantified by ELISA.This study also tested ALT,AST,HBsAg,HBeAg,HBV DNA,TNF-αand IL-10 in the serum of CHB patients,and also analyzed the relationship between the levels of IL-37 and ALT,AST,HBsAg,HBeAg, HBV DNA,TNF-α,IL-10 levels.Results The expression levels of IL-37 was increased in CHB patients 437.5±152.7 pg/ml compared to healthy donors(63.0±2.1 pg/ml).The difference between the two groups was statistically significant(t=2.45,P=0.017).The levels of IL-37 was found to correlate with ALT(r=0.406,P=0.019)and IL-10(r=0.433,P=0.035)but not AST,HBsAg,HBeAg,HBV DNA and TNF-α.Conclusion This study reveals the levels of IL-37 in CHB patients was higher than healthy controls,and IL-37 may play an important role in liver damage and HBV chronic infection.

Conservative epitope of human papillomavirus type 31 L2 can induce broad-spectrum neutralizing antibodies / 基础医学与临床

Objective To detect the immunogenicity of conservative neutralizing epitope from human papilloma-virus type 31 ( HPV31) minor capsid protein L2, and analyze the neutralizing antibody spectrum of its immune sera.Methods Synthesize HPV31 L2 aa.17-40 peptide and conjugate with KLH by EDC.Immunize New Zeal-and white rabbits with HPV31 L2-KLH and Freud's Adjuvant.Analyze the neutralizing antibody titers of immune sera against HPVs from α4,α7,α9,α10 and β1 species by pseudovirus neutralization assay.Results In rabbits, HPV31 L2-KLH induced broad-spectrum neutralizing antibodies against at least 17 types of HPV, among which the neutralizing antibody titers against HPV31 are the highest, followed by that of HPV5/45/57. Conclusions The broad-spectrum neutralizing activity of the immune sera of HPV31 L2 is stimulated by conser-vative neutralizing epitope.The results lay the foundation of the development of broad-spectrum HPV vaccines based on HPV31 L2 neutralizing epitope.

Recombinant Trichinella Spiralis Excretory-secretory Antigen 53ku Protein Alleviates Acute Lung Injury in Septic Mice via Polarization of M2 Macrophages / 中山大学学报(医学科学版)

[Objectives]To investigate the protective effects of recombinant Trichinella spiralis excretory-secretory 53ku pro-tein(rTsP53)on acute lung injuries in mice.[Methods]Thirty Balb/c mice were randomly divided into normal group. ALI group and rTsP53 group(n=10,respectively). Macrophages were harvested by bronchoalveolar lavage. Mortality in 72 hours was counted and compared. Pathological damage of lung tissues was observed by HE staining and graded by Smith score. Wet/dry ratio was measured. The bronchoalveolar lavage fluid concertration of IL-6 and IL-4 was measured by ELISA. The mRNA expression of TNF-α,iNOS, IL-10 and Arg-1 in alveolar lavage macrophages was detected by RT-PCR.[Results]72 h mortality of ALI mice was 70%,which was reduced to 30% in mice received rTsP53 treatment. Compared with ALI mice,the pathological damage of in rTsP53 treated-mice was improved and Smith score was declined ,combined with descending W/D ratio. IL-6 level of alveolar lavage fluid was elevated in ALI mice compared with normal group. And alveolar lavage macrophage was polarized to M2 sub-type,appeared as higher mRNA expression of TNF-α and iNOS and lower level of IL-10 and Arg-1. Bronchoalveolar lavage fluid concentration of IL-6 was declined and IL-4 was elevated in rTsP53-treated mice compared with ALI group. The macrophages of alveolar wash had higher mRNA expression of IL-10 and Arg-1,while lower level of TNF-α and iNOS,manifesting M2 polarization characteristics.[Conclusion]Recombinant T.spiralis P53 protein could protect mice from acute lung injuries induced by LPS via modulating M2 macrophage polarization,which play a role in depression of inflammatory reaction and tissue repairment.

Protein Kinase C Mediates the Corticosterone-induced Sensitization of Dorsal Root Ganglion Neurons Innervating the Rat Stomach

BACKGROUND/AIMS: Gastric hypersensitivity contributes to abdominal pain in patients with functional dyspepsia. Recent studies showed that hormones induced by stress are correlated with visceral hypersensitivity. However, the precise mechanisms underlying gastric hypersensitivity remain largely unknown. The aim of the present study was designed to investigate the roles of corticosterone (CORT) on excitability of dorsal root ganglion (DRG) neurons innervating the stomach. METHODS: DRG neurons innervating the stomach were labeled by DiI injection into the stomach wall. Patch clamp recordings were employed to examine neural excitability and voltage-gated sodium channel currents. Electromyograph technique was used to determine the responses of neck muscles to gastric distension. RESULTS: Incubation of acutely isolated DRG neurons with CORT significantly depolarized action potential threshold and enhanced the number of action potentials induced by current stimulation of the neuron. Under voltage-clamp mode, incubation of CORT enhanced voltage-gated sodium current density of the recorded neurons. Pre-incubation of GF109203X, an inhibitor of protein kinase C, blocked the CORT-induced hyperexcitability and potentiation of sodium currents. However, pre-incubation of H-89, an inhibitor of protein kinase A, did not alter the sodium current density. More importantly, intraperitoneal injection of CORT produced gastric hypersensitivity of healthy rats, which was blocked by pre-administration of GF109203X but not H-89. CONCLUSIONS: Our data strongly suggest that CORT rapidly enhanced neuronal excitability and sodium channel functions, which is most likely mediated by protein kinase C but not protein kinase A signaling pathway in DRG neurons innervating the stomach, thus underlying the gastric hypersensitivity induced by CORT injection.

Neuroprotective effect of propofol on fetal ratbrain in intrauterine ischemia/reperfusion injury / 中国药理学通报

Aim To observe the neuroprotective effect of different doses of propofol on ischemic fetal rat brain.Methods Eighteen healthy pregnant SD rats were randomly allocated into the following six groups with three rats in each.Group S: sham operation group, Group IR: ischemia/reperfusion group, Group P1~P3: different doses of propofol groups, Group B: bicuculline group.In group S and group IR, 1 ml saline solution was administered via caudal vein.In group P1~P3, 10, 30, 50 mg·kg-1 of propofol was administered via caudal vein respectively.In group B, when 50 mg·kg-1 propfol was administered via caudal vein, 5 mg·kg-1 bicuculline was injected intraperitoneally at the same time.Bilateral uterine ovarian arteries were clamped for 11 mins to make intrauterine distress model of the fetal rats.The brains of fetal rats were removed after 3 days of reperfusion.Brain sections(5 μm thick) were mounted and stained with Hematoxylin and eosin(HE).The profile of the hippocampus CA1 was evaluated under a light microscope and neuronal Lesion-index(LI) was calculated.MDA content of fetal rat brain was detected by thiobarbituric acid reaction method to determine the lipid peroxidation degree of brain.Results LI was (7.2±0.9) and MDA was (3.86±0.20) μmol·g-1 in group S.LI was 71.9±2.8 and the content of MDA was (9.10±0.45) μmol·g-1 in group IR, which increased significantly compared with those in group S(P<0.01).LI was (40.8±2.6), (21.4±1.4), (20.1±1.3) and the content of MDA was (7.32±0.41), (5.65±0.27), (5.44±0.28) μmol·g-1 in propofol groups, which decreased significantly compared with those in group IR(P<0.05).LI and the content of MDA was (51.2±2.3), (7.54±0.31) μmol·g-1 in group B,respectively, reversing partly the neuroprotevtive effect of propofl.Conclusion Propofol could protect the neurons in hippocampus CA1 region of fetal rat against intrauterine distress by reducing the concentration of MDA in the brain.

Synthesis and anti-HBV activity evaluation of Matijin-Su derivatives containing gallic acid moiety / 药学学报

In this study, eleven containing gallic acid moiety derivatives of Matijin-Su(MTS)were synthesized and evaluated for their anti-HBV activities in HepG2 2.2.15 cells in an effort to find novel effective anti-hepatitis B virus(HBV)agents. Compounds 5c, 6c and 6d exhibited significant anti-HBV activity with IC50 values of 6.12, 8.44 and 9.86 μmol·L-1, respectively. Incorporation of gallic acid moiety into MTS derivatives can lead to profound changes in their anti-HBV activity, and could be worth of further research.