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Aim To observe the regulatory effects of astragalus polysaccharide (APS) on AKT/PI3K signa-ling pathway in lung cancer A549 cells. Methods The autophagy model was established by xanthine oxidase (XOD). Then the intervention was carried out with 100, 200, 400 mg • L"1 of APS and 3-methylade-nine (3-MA). Cell Counting Kit-8(CCK-8) method, transmission electron microscope and Western blot were used to detect the effect of APS on the proliferation, autophagy and autophagy marker molecules respectively in lung cancer A549 autophagy model. Results Compared with blank group, cell growth of the model group was accelerated; the number of autophagosomes increased , and the expressions of microtubule-associated protein 1 light chain-3B (LC3B) and PI3K significantly increased, while p62 and AKT markedly decreased (P < 0. 05) . Compared with model group, cell growth slowed down, and the number of autophagosomes decreased; the expression of LC3B and PI3K significantly decreased. However, p62 AND AKT expression significantly increased (P <0. 05) in 200 or 400 mg • L"'of APS-treatedgroups. Compared with 3-MA-treated group,the expression of LC3B significantly decreased in 200 mg • L"1 of APS-treated group(P <0. 05), and PI3K significantly decreased in 400 mg • L"1 of APS-treated group (P < 0. 05). Conclusion APS may exert anti-tumor effect by down-regulating PI3K/AKT signaling pathway of human lung cancer A549 cells.
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<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To investigate the anticancer effects of warming and relieving cold phlegm formula (, WRCP), a Chinese medical mixture composed of the aqueous extracts of Aconitum carmichaeli, Rhizoma bolbostemmatis, Phytolacca acinosa, Panax notoginseng, and Gekko swinhonis Gūenther, combined with 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) on human breast cancer in vivo.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Seventy-two Nu/Nu mice inoculated with MDA-MB-231 breast cancer cells were randomized into the control group, 5-FU group, high-dose WRCP (hWRCP) group, medium-dose WRCP (mWRCP) group, low-dose WRCP (lWRCP) group, or combination of mWRCP and 5-FU group in a 1:1:1:1:1:1 ratio. Drug administration was commenced on the day following tumor implantation. The control group was injected daily with normal saline (N.S.) intraperitoneally; the 5-FU group was injected with 5-FU at 30 mg/kg intraperitoneally every third day for a total of 7 treatments; the hWRCP group, mWRCP group and lWRCP group received daily doses of 5, 1, and 0.2 g/kg of WRCP, respectively, by gastric perfusion; and the combination group was treated with 5-FU plus mWRCP on the same schedules as above. All treatments lasted for 22 days. Tumor volume, tumor weight, inhibition rate of tumor weight, necrosis rate of tumor, organ index, and change in body weight of nude mice were measured.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The combination group and the hWRCP group had significantly smaller tumor volumes (580±339 mm(3) and 587±249 mm(3) versus 1055±234 mm(3), respectively), lower tumor weights (0.42±0.29 g and 0.52±0.29 g versus 0.80±0.15 g, respectively), and higher tumor necrosis rates (22.7% and 25.6% versus 9.4%, respectively) as compared with the control group (all <0.05). Similar changes were found in the 5-FU, mWRCP, and lWRCP groups when compared with the control group but were not statistically significant, except for the tumor weight for the 5-FU group. The combination group and the hWRCP group had significantly smaller tumor volumes compared with the 5-FU group (778±202 mm(3), both <0.05). The combination group had the highest tumor inhibition rate (47.7%), followed by the hWRCP group (35.2%) and 5-FU group (28.3%). The 5-FU group had a lower body weight increase (1.37±2.06 g versus 5.60±0.72 g, <0.05) and a lower spleen index (4.064±1.774 mg/10 g versus 5.294±1.796 mg/10 g) as compared with the control group, whereas the combination group reversed the changes in the 5-FU group with the body weight increase of 3.52±1.80 g (P <0.05) and spleen index of 7.036±1.599 mg/10 g (P <0.05). The spleen indices in the hWRCP, mWRCP, and IWRCP group were all significantly higher than that in the 5-FU group (P <0.01 or P<0.05). No significant differences in body weight change were observed in WRCP groups compared with the control group P>0.05).</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>The treatment combination of WRCP and 5-FU was more effective in the inhibition of tumor growth than either agent alone and may have potentially additional benefit in improving the general condition and immunity of the mice with human breast cancer cell implants.</p>