Effect of anterior capsule polishing on the visual quality after cataract surgery / 国际眼科杂志(Guoji Yanke Zazhi)

AIM: To evaluate the effect of anterior capsule polishing on visual quality after phacoemulsification.METHODS: Prospective randomized control study. A total of 65 patients(73 eyes)with age-related cataract who underwent phacoemulsification combined with intraocular lens(IOL)implantation in the Emergency General Hospital between November 2021 and June 2022 were included. These patients were randomly assigned to two groups, with one group(anterior polishing group)underwent anterior and posterior capsule polishing(30 cases, 35 eyes), while the other(control group)receive routine posterior capsule polishing(35 cases, 38 eyes). Best corrected visual acuity was observed at 1wk, 1, 3 and 6mo after operation. Area of anterior capsule orifice was measured at 3 and 6mo after operation. Meanwhile, posterior capsular opacification(P score), IOL tilt and decentration were recorded by Pentacam Scheimpflug system. In addition, wavefront aberration, Strehl ratio(SR)of point spread function(PSF)and modulation transfer function(MTF)were evaluated by OPD-Scan Ⅲ.RESULTS: At 1wk, 1, 3 and 6mo after operation, best corrected visual acuity in anterior polishing group is significantly better than that of control group(P<0.05). There were no significant differences in area of anterior capsule opening, P score, IOL decentration, SR of PSF and MTF between two groups at 3 and 6mo after operation(P>0.05). At 3mo follow-up, no significant differences in IOL tilt and wavefront aberration were measured between two groups either(P>0.05). However, IOL tilt [(1.65±0.60)° vs.(2.34±0.43)°, P<0.001] and wavefront aberration(0.03±0.01μm vs. 0.06±0.03μm, P<0.001)in anterior polishing group were significant lower compared to control group at 6mo after operation.CONCLUSION: 360° polishing of anterior and posterior capsule during phacoemulsification can improve best corrected visual quality, with reduced IOL tilt, lower wavefront aberration and better visual quality.

Effect of Rhizophagus intraradices on growth of Salvia miltiorrhiza / 中国中药杂志

The study aimed to explore the effects of inoculation of Rhizophagus intraradices on the biomass, effective component content, and endogenous hormone content of Salvia miltiorrhiza through pot experiments. The number of leaves, plant height, dry weight of aboveground and underground parts, branch number, root number, root length, root diameter, and other biomass were mea-sured by weighing and counting methods. The content of salvianolic acid B, caffeic acid, rosmarinic acid, tanshinone Ⅰ, tanshinone Ⅱ_A, cryptotanshinone, and other effective components was determined by ultra-high performance liquid chromatography. The content of ABA and GA_3 was determined by triple quadrupole mass spectrometry. The correlations between biomass and effective components and between effective components and plant hormones ABA and GA_3 were analyzed. The results showed that R. intraradices significan-tly increased the aboveground dry weight, leaf number, and root number of S. miltiorrhiza by 0.24-0.65 times, respectively. The content of salvianolic acid B and rosmarinic acid in the aboveground part and the content of salvianolic acid B, caffeic acid, rosmarinic acid, tanshinone Ⅰ, and tanshinone Ⅱ_A in the underground part were significantly increased by 0.44-1.78 times, respectively. R. intraradices infection significantly increased the GA_3/ABA values of aboveground and underground parts by 3.82 and 76.47 times, respectively. The correlation analysis showed that caffeic acid, the effective component of the aboveground part, was significantly positively correlated with plant height, tanshinone Ⅱ_A, the effective component of the underground part, was significantly positively correlated with biomass root number, cryptotanshinone, and dry weight, while rosmarinic acid was significantly negatively correlated with dry weight. There were significant positive correlations between cryptotanshinone and ABA, tanshinone Ⅱ_A and ABA and GA_3, and caffeic acid and GA_3. In conclusion, R. intraradices can promote the accumulation of biomass and secondary metabolites of S. miltiorrhiza and regulate the balance between plant hormones ABA and GA_3, thereby promoting the growth of S. miltiorrhiza.

Mechanism Analysis of Strengthening Anti-cerebral Ischemia Injury of Chuanxiong Rhizoma Processed with Wine Based on UHPLC-Q-Orbitrap HRMS and Integrated Network Pharmacology / 中国实验方剂学杂志

ObjectiveTo analyze the differential components in water extract of Chuanxiong Rhizoma before and after processing with wine， and to explore the molecular mechanism of Chuanxiong Rhizoma processed with wine in enhancing anti-cerebral ischemia injury. MethodUltra high performance liquid chromatography tandem quadrupole orbitrap high resolution mass spectrometry （UHPLC-Q-Orbitrap HRMS） was used to qualitatively analyze the main chemical components in water extract of Chuanxiong Rhizoma based on the spectral information of compound， comparison of reference substance and references. The chemical pattern recognition method was used to screen the differential components of Chuanxiong Rhizoma before and after processing. Based on these differential components， the potential targets of differential components were predicted by online databases， and the related targets of cerebral ischemia were searched. Cytoscape 3.6.0 was used to establish the network diagram of differential components-action targets-diseases of Chuanxiong Rhizoma processed with wine. The protein-protein interaction （PPI） network of intersection targets was constructed by STRING 11.5. The potential targets of differential components against cerebral ischemia were analyzed by Gene Ontology （GO） and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes （KEGG） enrichment analysis through DAVID 6.8. At the same time， the chemical compounds with high relative content and increased peak area after wine processing were docked with their corresponding targets to verify the mechanism of enhanced effect after wine processing. ResultA total of 71 chemical components were identified from Chuanxiong Rhizoma， 34 differential components and 603 potential targets were screened out. At the same time， a total of 769 disease targets and 60 intersection targets were obtained. Seven key targets were identified through PPI network analysis， including JUN， signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 （STAT3）， mitogen-activated protein kinase 3 （MAPK3）， interleukin-1β （IL-1β）， vascular endothelial growth factor A （VEGFA）， Caspase-3 （CASP3） and mtrix metalloproteinase 9 （MMP9）. Tumor necrosis factor （TNF） signaling pathway was the main differential signaling pathway. The results of molecular docking showed that differential components （senkyunolide K， senkyunolide F， 3-n-butylphthalide， Z，Z′-6，8′，7，3′-diligustilide， ferulic acid and Z-ligustilide） and corresponding targets had good binding activities. ConclusionThe synergistic mechanism of Chuanxiong Rhizoma processed with wine may be related to the enhanced inhibitory effect of inflammatory reaction.

Influence of Yuanzhisan Containing Ginseng Radix et Rhizoma or Codonopsis Radix on Memory Disorder / 中国实验方剂学杂志

Objective:To explore the effects of Yuanzhisan （YZS） containing Ginseng Radix et Rhizoma （YZSR） or Codonopsis Radix （YZSD） on memory disorder based on network and experimental pharmacology. Method:The active components and targets of YZS were retrieved from the component database and literature， and the targets of memory disorder from the disease databases. The intersection targets revealed by Veen diagram were subjected to pathway analysis. The common active components of YZSR and YZSD were molecularly docked onto the core targets. Scopolamine hydrobromide was used to establish the memory disorder model， which was employed in the behavioral experiments for evaluating the effect of YZSR and YZSD on memory disorder. Result:There existed 33 active components for Ginseng Radix et Rhizoma and 31 for Codonopsis Radix， with four common active components and 380 common targets. YZSR contained 85 active components and 790 drug targets， and YZSD 81 active components and 781 drug targets. The mapping of 425 memory disorder targets with those of YZSD and YZSD yielded 133 and 130 intersection targets， respectively. The metabolic pathways involved calcium ion signaling pathway， hypoxia-inducible factor-1 （HIF-1） signaling pathway， mitogen-activated protein kinase （MAPK） signaling pathway， etc. As revealed by molecular docking， the binding energy of common active components to the targets was negative， and the binding effect of frutinone A was the best. Behavioral experiment results showed that both YZSR and YZSD alleviated the memory disorder. In the step-down test， the number of errors in the YZSD group was significant lower than that in the model group （<italic>P</italic><0.01）. In Morris water maze test， the movement distance of the YZSD group was remarkably shortened in comparison with that of the model group （<italic>P</italic><0.05）. In the open field test， the movement distances of both the YZSR and YZSD group were shortened in contrast to that in the normal group （<italic>P</italic><0.05）. Conclusion:YZS had a certain effect on memory disorder. There are similarities and differences between YZSR and YZSD in the treatment of memory disorder.

Research Progress of Molecular Biology Techniques in Identification of Medicinal Plants / 中国实验方剂学杂志

Medicinal plant germplasm resources are the foundation of the modern development of traditional Chinese medicine. In-depth study of medicinal plant germplasm resources is a prerequisite for cultivating fine varieties and ensuring the output and standard quality of traditional Chinese medicine（TCM）. Traditional identification methods start with appearance and are greatly affected by natural environment and human factors，with a low efficiency and accuracy of identification are generally low molecularin general. Due to such advantages as easy operation，high sensitivity，accurate results， molecular biology technology has been widely used in the related research of relevant studies for medicinal plant germplasm resources due to its advantages of easy operation，high sensitivity，accurate results，etc. It mainly involving the distinction between wild and cultivated products，researchstudy on substitutes of TCM，identification of Chinese patent medicine，good variety marker breeding，genetic diversity researchstudy，genetic map establishment and omics research，etcstudy. Among them，omics researchstudy is divided into genomics，transcriptomics，metabolomics，and proteomics due toby different analysis purposes. Genomics is divided into three sub-fields namely structural genomics，functional genomics， and comparative genomics. Eukaryotes Because eukaryotes have nuclei and organelles，so omics researchstudy also includes chloroplast genomics，mitochondrial genomics，nuclear genomics，and plastid genomics. Among them，the chloroplast genome has a simple structure，small molecular weight，and good conservation，while the mitochondrial genome has a strong variability and complex structure，the nuclear genome data isfeatures complex， data and the nucleus contains no ribosomes in nucleus，resulting in spatiotemporal differences in the translation process，even if repeated repeatedly test， the result of and the test is alsoresults remained uncertain， even after repeated tests. The molecular biology technology and omics researchstudy involved in theby current medicinal plant researchstudy still hashave shortcomings，and there iswith a large room for development，which needs and need further improvement and supplementation. This articlepaper successively introduces the characteristics and applications of cytology，molecular markers，and omics researchstudy techniques in the identification of medicinal germplasm resources，providingin order to provide a reference for subsequent identification，development and utilization of medicinal plant germplasm resources.

Determination of main chemical components in the Astragali Radix from the Liupan mountain area in Ningxia / 国际药学研究杂志

Objective To quantitatively determine the bioactive chemical components, polysaccharides, total flavonoids and total saponins, in the Astragali radix from the Liupan mountain area (Liupan mountain Astragali radix) in Ningxia of China. Methods With colorimetry and high-performance liquid chromatography with evaporative light-scattering detection (HPLC-ELSD), the total quantity of polysaccharides flavonoids and saponins were determined for the one year-old and four years-old Liupan mountain Astragali radix, which was further analyzed in comparison with the results of the Astragali radix from Shanxi province (Shanxi Astragali radix) of China. Results The content of total polysaccharides, total flavonoids and total saponins was 4.10％, 0.088％ and 4.67％, respectively, in the four-year-old Liupan mountain Astragali radix. Among them, the total polysaccharide content was higher than that in Shanxi Astragali radix, the others were all lower than those in Shanxi Astragali radix. Further, the contents of the three total components in the one year-old Liupan mountain Astragali radix were all lower than those in the four years-old Liupan mountain Astragali radix and in the Shanxi Astragali radix. Conclusion Prolonging the growth period could significantly increase total content of the polysaccharides but not the flavonoids and saponins in the Liupan mountain Astragali radix.

Analysis of correlation between the clinical feature of dry eye and the disease condition in type 2 diabetic patients / 国际眼科杂志(Guoji Yanke Zazhi)

AIM: To investigate the clinical features of dry eye with type 2 diabetic patients,and to analyze the correlation between the clinical features of dry eye and the disease condition.METHODS: Retrospective case series study.Dry eye cases with type 2 diabetic were analyzed from March to December in 2016.And the clinical features of patients were summarized.Dry eye examination including tear break-up time (BUT) and Schirmer test (schirmer Ⅰ test,SⅠt).Patients were divided into <60 years and≥60 years group by the age.And patients were divided into <5 group,5-9 years group,≥10 years according to the duration of diabetes.According to the condition of blood glucose,patients were divided into glucose controlled group and the group blood glucose uncontrolled.The results were statistically analyzed with gender,age,duration of diabetes and blood glucose level.RESULTS: There were 178 cases collected.All cases were diagnosed as dry eye both eyes.The patient`s age ranged from 32 to 85 years,with an average 58.41±13.06 years.There were 110 (61.8%) male cases,and 68 (38.2%) female cases.In all cases,the mean value of BUT was 4.52±2.31s,and the mean value of SⅠt was 4.25±1.99mm/5min.The value of women were more than men,but the differences were not significant statistically.Patients of ≥60 group were less than the age group of <60 patients,and the difference was significant statistically (t=4.153,4.021;P<0.01).In different course,all groups were lower than the normal.The value of≥10 years group was the least,<5 years group was the highest,and 5-9 years group was middle one.The differences were statistically significant (F=68.884,60.204;P<0.01).The value of blood glucose controlled group was significantly higher than the group blood glucose uncontrolled,and the difference was statistically significant (t=-6.615,-5.918;P<0.01).CONCLUSION:There were two types dry eye in 2 diabetic patients: the instability of tear-film and the reduction of tear secretion.The clinic features of dry eye were related to age,the course of the disease,and the level of blood glucose.

Herbal textural and original plants research on medicines from Salvia in China / 中国中药杂志

On the basis of review and study on literatures of Chinese medicine, combining the history of medicinal plants of Salvia in China, and investigating the morphological description, geography distribution and therapeutic effects, herbal textural research were carried on the medicinal plants from Salvia. The results showed that the original plant of Danshen is S. miltiorrhiza and related species, the original plant of Dian Danshen is S. yunnanensis, the original plant of Li Zhi Cao is S. plebeia, the original plant of Shi Jian Chuan is Bidens pilosa. or S.chinensis, the original plant of Shu Wei Cao is S. japanica, the original plant of Ye Xia Hong is S. kiangsiensis. And the article aimed to point out the relationship of medicinal plants from Salvia and provided new insight and proof to explore the new natural medicine from medicinal plants of Salvia.

Study on identification of "Digeda" raw materials in Mongolian patent medicine by PCR amplification of specific alleles / 中国中药杂志

To explore a new method for identification of Mongolian patent medicine (MPM) by PCR amplification of specific alleles. Eight kinds of MPM were used to study the identification of "Digeda" raw materials. The total DNA of Lomatogonium rotatum and Corydalis bungeana samples were extracted through modified CTAB method, psbA-trnH sequence was amplified by PCR and sequenced directionally. Specific primer was designed. The DNA of 8 kinds of MPM also was extracted and purified by the commercial DNA purification kits. The rbcL and two pair of specific primers sequences were amplified. The specific amplified products were sequenced in forward directions. All specific sequences were aligned and were analyzed. The results indicated that L rotatum can be identified by specific primers from Digeda-4 Tang, Digeda-8 San, Digeda-4 San, and C. bungeana medicinal materials can be identified by specific primers from Li Dan Ba Wei San, Yi He Ha Ri-12 and A Ga Ri-35. PCR amplification of specific alleles can stably and accurately distinguish raw medicinal materials in MPM.

Effects of Sijunzi Dripping Pill on Gastrointestinal Motility of Mice / 中草药·英文版

Objective: To study the effects of Sijunzi Dripping Pill (SDP) on gastrointestinal motility of mice. Methods: The diarrhea and swimming model of mice was made by Rhei Radix et Rhizoma-induced spleen deficiency. The intestinal transit, gastric emptying test, serum motilin (MTL), vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP), and substance P (SP) were chosen to observe the effects of high-, mid-, and low-dose SDP on stomach movements, and the water extractive of Sijunzi Decoction was used as positive control. Results: Compared with the control group, the gastric emptying rate in the gastrointestinal motility group was significantly decreased, the intestinal propulsion rate was obviously increased, the levels of MTL, prostaglandin E2 (PGE2), and SP were increased (P < 0.05), while the level of VIP was decreased (P < 0.05). Compared with the model group, SDP could decrease the intestinal transit rate, whereas increase the gastric emptying rate and the level of MTL (P < 0.05); The high-dose SDP could decrease the level of PGE2 (P < 0.05) and the low-dose SDP could decrease the level of VIP (P < 0.05); Each group had no significant effect on SP. Conclusion: SDP has the good effect on increasing the gastrointestinal motility of mice, and its function may partly relate to the regulation of the levels of MTL and VIP as well as PGE2. © 2014 Tianjin Press of Chinese Herbal Medicines.

Determination and analysis of heavy metals content in Panax notoginseng of different origination / 中国中药杂志

Six heavy metals, including As, Cu, Hg, Cd, Pb and Cr in Panax notoginseng were determined by inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectrometry (ICP-AES) combined with wet digestion method. The samples of P. notoginseng were collected in 12 different regions, including Yunnan and Guangxi Province. Green Standards of Foreign Trading Medicinal Plants & Preparations was used as the standard to evaluate the pollution status of As, Cu, Hg, Cd, Pb and Cr in P. notoginseng. The results showed that content of As and Cd exceeded the limit of the standard and the percentage was 32.4% and 29.7%, respectively, while Cu, Hg and Pb were all bellow the limit. The SPSS 16.0 software was used to analyze the data. The occurrence of contained heavy metals has been discussed.

Alanine solution as enzyme reaction buffer used in A to O blood group conversion / 中国实验血液学杂志

The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of alanine solution as α-N-acetylgalactosaminidase enzyme reaction buffer on the enzymatic activity of A antigen. The binding ability of α-N-acetylgalactosaminidase with RBC in different reaction buffer such as alanine solution, glycine solution, normal saline (0.9% NaCl), PBS, PCS was detected by Western blot. The results showed that the efficiency of A to O conversion in alanine solution was similar to that in glycine solution, and Western blot confirmed that most of enzymes blinded with RBC in glycine or alanine solution, but few enzymes blinded with RBC in PBS, PCS or normal saline. The evidences indicated that binding of enzyme with RBC was a key element for A to O blood group conversion, while the binding ability of α-N-acetylgalactosaminidase with RBC in alanine or glycine solution was similar. It is concluded that alanine solution can be used as enzyme reaction buffer in A to O blood group conversion. In this buffer, the α-N-acetylgalactosaminidase is closely blinded with RBC and α-N-acetylgalactosaminidase plays efficient enzymatic activity of A antigen.

Review of research and development and significant effect of Hippophae rhamnoides / 中国中药杂志

Hippophae rhamnoides is one of the most representative economy crops for its wide uses of biological diversity and abundance of resource. As the key healthy food development and ecology protection, H. rhamnoides has been developed widely. Meanwhile, the development of H. rhamnoides has obtained great achievements. Nowadays, H. rhamnoides is still a necessary economy crop, while it has great influence on ecology protection. This paper discussed the phytochemistry, pharmacology, clinical application and product development, and propounded some suggestions for future research and economy development to get comprehensive benefit of H. rhamnoides and to serve for well-off society.

Removal of αGal xenotransplantation antigen by a novel α-galactosidase / 中国实验血液学杂志

αGal, a xenotransplantations antigen (XTA), can lead to hyper acute reaction (HAR) in xenotransplantation. α-Galactosidase from B. fragilis is a novel galactosidase belong to CAZy GH110 which can clear the terminal αGal from branched and linear oligosaccharides. This study was purposed to investigate the removal effect of a novel α-galactosidase on α-Gal XTA on surface of red blood cells. The αGal XTA from the red blood cells of cattle, pig, dog and rabbit was digested by using recombinant α-galactosidase; the α-Gal antigens on surface of cells was detected by flow cytometry. The results showed that the XTA was disappeared completely or mainly. It is concluded that the novel α-galactosidase is a potential enzyme to remove the XTA on the surface of xenotransplants and can be used to overcome the HAR in xenotransplantation.

A reconstructed B. Fragilis-derived recombinant α-galactosidase developed for human blood type B→O conversion / 中国实验血液学杂志

This study was aimed to prepare a reconstructed B. Fragilis-derived recombinant α-galactosidase developed for human B to O blood group conversion. Based on the construction of recombinant E. Coli (DE3) which can express α-galactosidase, the inducing time and inducer concentration were optimized for high expression of α-galactosidase. Then, the expression products in supernatant were purified by cation and anion exchange column chromatography. The purified α-galactosidase was used to treat B group red blood cells in phosphate buffer (pH 6.8) for 2 hours to prepare O group red blood cells. The results showed that the optimal inducing conditions for α-galactosidase expression were IPTG 0.1 mmol/L, 37°C and 2 hours. The specific enzyme activity of purified protein increased from 0.42 U/mg to 2.1 U/mg as compared with pre-purification. And, the conditions of B to O blood group conversion were 26°C, pH 6.8 (neutral pH condition) and 2 hours. Moreover, 225 µg of the enzyme could converse 1 ml B red blood cells to O completely. It is concluded that the technology of expression and purification of recombinant α-galactosidase has been established, and the purified protein can converse B red blood cells to O completely, which means that an effective enzyme conversing B red blood cells to O has been obtained.

Biological significance of relationship between nuclear localization of Rac1 and progression of gastric carcinoma / 中华肿瘤杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To observe the subcellular localization of Rac1 and the expression of Tiam1 and Rac1 in gastric carcinoma, in order to reveal the relationship between the distribution of Rac1 and progression of gastric carcinoma.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Both carcinoma and adjacent normal tissue of 48 patients with gastric carcinoma were studied in this study. Tissue distribution and expression of Rac1 and Tiam1 were analyzed by immunohistochemistry and real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR).</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Compared with that of adjacent non-cancerous gastric mucosa, the expression of Rac1 in cancer tissues was significantly increased. The positive rate of Rac1 expression was 18.8% (9/48 cases) in adjacent non-neoplastic gastric and 79.2% (38/48 cases) in cancer tissues. The positive staining was mainly located in the cell nuclei (31 samples). The real-time PCR results demonstrated that the expression levels of Tiam1 and Rac1 mRNA in cancerous tissues with nuclear localization of Rac1 were evidently increased. Furthermore, nuclear localization of Rac1 was associated with tumor stage and metastasis.</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>The majority of gastric cancer tissues show nuclear dislocalization of Rac1 expression, which may be a sign of abnormal activation of Tiam1-Rac1 pathway. It may suggest enhanced invasion ability of the gastric carcinoma.</p>

Sequence analysis of the phosphoprotein gene of peste des petits ruminants virus of Chinese origin / 病毒学报

The nucleotide sequences of P gene from a field strain of peste des petits ruminants virus (PPRV) ("China/Tib/Gej/07-30") was firstly determined. The P gene is 1,655 nucleotides long with two overlapping open reading frames (ORFs). The first ORF is 1530 nucleotides long and would produce P protein of 509 amino acid residues. The second ORF is 534 nucleotides long and would produce C protein of 177 amino acid residues. The first ORF produces a second mRNA transcript of 897 nucleotides long with an extra G nucleotide at position 751. Translation from this mRNA would produce V protein of 298 amino acid residues. The nucleotide and deduced amino acid sequence were compared with the homologous region of other PPRV isolates. At the amino acid level, the "China/Tib/Gej/07-30" shares homology of 86.10%-97.3%, 84.3%-94.9%, and 82.9%-96.3% for P, C, and V proteins respectively. Several sequence motifs in the P genes were identified on the basis of conservation in the PPRVs and the morbilliviruses.

Sequence analysis of the matrix protein and fusion protein genes of a field peste des petits ruminants virus strain from Tibet, China / 病毒学报

The nucleotide sequences of M and F genes from a field strain of peste des petits ruminants virus (PPRV) ("China/Tib/Gej/07-30") was firstly determined. The M gene was 1 483 nucleotides in length with a single open reading frame (ORF), encoding a protein of 335 amino acids. The F gene was 2411 nucleotides in length, encoding a protein of 546 amino acids. The resulting nucleotide sequence and the deduced amino acid sequences were compared with the homologous regions of other PPRV isolates. The nucleotide sequences of M and F genes of the "China/Tib/Gej/07-30" was 92.4%-97.7% and 85.5%-96.1% identical to other PPRV isolates, respectively, while a homology of 97.0%-98.2% and 94.3%-98.2% could be observed at the amino acids level respectively. Several sequence motifs in the M and F genes had been identified on the basis of conservation in the PPRVs and the morbilliviruses. The 3' untranslated region of M gene was 443 nucleotides in length with 82.4%-93.5% identical to other PPRV isolates. The 5' untranslated region of F gene was 634 nucleotides in length with 76.2%-91.7% identical to other PPRV isolates.

Using extended Wilson model to study the relationship between critical relative humidity and solubility of electrolytes / 药学学报

Based on thermodynamic principle, the critical relative humidity of electrolytes is closely related to their solubility. The authors explored the relationship theoretically and calculated critical relative humidity of 21 electrolytes from their solubility in the light of Raoult's law and extended Wilson model. The results indicate that the critical relative humidity values calculated by Raoult's law can not accord with the reported ones and there is a systematic error in the high concentration range; while these calculated by extended Wilson model are comparable to the reported ones.

Sequence analysis of the nucleocapsid gene and genome promoter region of peste des petits ruminants virus of Chinese origin / 病毒学报

The N gene and genome promoter nucleotide sequence of a Chinese Peste des petits rumiants virus (PPRV) ("China/Tib/Gej/07-30") was firstly determined. The length of N gene was 1689 nucleotides with a single open reading frame (ORF). The nucleotide and deduced amino acid sequence was compared with the homologous region of other PPRV isolates. The nucleotide sequence of the "China/Tib/Gej/07-30" was 91.7%-97.6% identical to other PPRV isolates, while a homology of 94.9%-98.5% could be observed at the amino acids level. The N gene encoded a protein of 525 amino acids. Several sequence motifs were identified on the basis of conservation in the PPRVs and the morbilliviruses. The genome length of promoter region was 107 nucleotides with 91.8%-98.2% identity to other PPRV isolates. Phylogenetic analysis showed that the "China/Tib/Gej/07-30" belonged to the Asian lineage.