Anti-aging and mechanism of 2-O-cinnamic acid magnolol / 药学学报

Magnolol, a hydroquinone containing an allyl side chain, is one of the major active components of magnolia for antioxidation and anti-aging. To enhance the anti-aging activity and improve the intramolecular hydrogen bonding of magnolol, magnolol was reacted with cinnamic acid to obtain 2-O-cinnamic acid magnolol by esterification. The anti-aging activity of magnolol 2-O-cinnamate was investigated based on Caenorhabditis elegans model. The results showed that 2-O-cinnamic acid magnolol can reduce lipofuscin accumulation in the nematode body, and the effect is better than that of magnolol. 2-O-Cinnamic acid magnolol can extend nematode lifespan, reduce ROS levels in nematodes during normal aging and oxidative stress and improve nematode stress resistance under heat stress and oxidative stress. 2-O-Cinnamic acid magnolol could induce DAF-16 translocation from the cytoplasm to the nucleus and upregulate the expression of the sod-3 gene encoding superoxide dismutase in the nematode TJ356 expressing DAF-16 fused with GFP. 2-O-Cinnamic acid magnolol did not improve the survival rate of hsp-16.2 gene deficient nematodes under oxidative stress, indicating that 2-O-cinnamic acid magnolol improves stress resistance of nematodes under oxidative stress may be associated with sod-3 and hsp-16.2. Moreover, 2-O-cinnamic acid magnolol did not extend the lifespan of daf-16 and age-1 mutants, indicating that age-1 and daf-16 are required for 2-O-cinnamic acid magnolol to delay aging. It showed that magnolol 2-O-cinnamic acid has the potential to improve antioxidant capacity and delay aging, and the mechanism may be related to the insulin/insulin-like growth factor signaling pathway.

Expert Consensus on Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Diseases Responding Specifically to Traditional Chinese Medicine / 中国实验方剂学杂志

Traditional Chinese medicine （TCM） and western medicine have their respective advantages and limitations in the diagnosis and treatment of common otorhinolaryngology head and neck diseases. Although the integrated TCM and western medicine exhibits definite curative effects， there is no consensus on the otorhinolaryngology head and neck diseases responding specifically to TCM or integrated TCM and western medicine， as well as the diagnosis and treatment schemes. The China Association of Chinese Medicine （CACM） thus organized the otorhinolaryngology head and neck specialists of both TCM and western medicine to discuss the etiology， pathogenesis， and clinical diagnosis and treatment methods of common otorhinolaryngology head and neck diseases with the results of multiple clinical trials taken into account. The acute pharyngitis， chronic pharyngolaryngitis， paraesthesia pharyngis， hysterical aphasia， allergic rhinitis， subjective tinnitus， and otogenic vertigo were confirmed to respond specifically to TCM or integrated TCM and western medicine. Then a mutually agreed diagnosis and treatment scheme and recommendation with integrated TCM and western medicine was formulated as a reference for clinical practice， thus benefiting more patients.

Study on screening antitumor active fractions and chemical components in active fractions from root of Anaycclus pyrethrum / 中国中药杂志

Components that systematic separated from the root of Anaycclus pyrethrum were identified, in order to lay a foundation for future study of the root of A. pyrethrum. The CCK-8 assay showed that dichloromethane fraction exhibited the highest degree of cytotoxicity than others. Ten monomeric components were obtained from dichloromethane fraction and ethyl acetate fraction extracted from the root of A. pyrethrum, including 7 N-alkylamides, one coumarin and two flavonoid glycosides. They were identified as tetradeca-2E,4E,8E-trienoic acid 4-hydroxyphenylethylamide(1), deca-2E,4E-dienoicacid isobutylamide(2), undeca-2E,4E-diene-8,10-diynoic acid phenylethylamide(3), tetradeca-2E,4E-dienoic acid 4-hydroxyphenylethylamide(4), tetradeca-2E,4E-diene-8,10-diynoic acid isobutylamide(5), deca-2E,4E- dienoic acid 4-hydroxyphenylethylamide(6), dodeca-2E,4E-dienoic acid 4-hydroxy -phenyl-ethylamide(7), isoscopoletin(8), quercetin-7-O-β-D-glucopyranoside(9), isorhamnetin-7-O-β-D-glucopyranoside(10). Among them, compound 1 was identified as a new compound, Compounds 2-4, 8-10 were isolated from this herb for the first time.

Role of cAMP/CREB/BDNF signaling pathway in anti-depressive effect of vortioxetine in mice / 南方医科大学学报

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To investigate the effects of vortioxetine on cAMP/CREB/BDNF signal pathway.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Forty Kunming mice were randomized into control group and chronic unpredictable mild stress (CUMS) group. After establishment of depressive models verified by sucrose preference test, the mice in CUMS group were divided into model group, fluoxetine group and vortioxetine group. The antidepressive effect of vortioxetine was analyzed by tail suspension test, forced swim test and open field test. The levels of cAMP were detected using a commercial ELISA kit, and the expressions of pCREB and brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) were evaluated with Western blotting.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Vortioxetine significantly shortened the immobility time of the depressive mice in tail suspension test and forced swim test without affecting the locomotor activity of the mice in open fields, suggesting the antidepressive effect of against depression in mice. Vortioxetine significantly increased the levels of cAMP and promoted the expression of pCREB and BDNF in the hippocampus of the mice (P<0.01).</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Vortioxetine improves the behaviors of mice with depression possibly by affecting the cAMP/CREB/BDNF signal pathway.</p>

Rapid analysis of compounds in leaves of Chinese seabuckthorn and Tibetan seabuckthorn by UPLC/Q-TOF-MS / 中国中药杂志

The study is aimed to analyze the chemical components in leaves of Chinese seabuckthorn and Tibetan seabuckthorn qualitatively and compare the differences between them by using ultra performance liquid chromatography coupled with quadrupole-time-of-flight mass spectrometry (UPLC/Q-TOF-MS).The chromatographic separation of the components was achieved ona Waters ACQUITY UPLC-T3 column (2.1 mm×100 mm, 1.7 μm）using gradient mobile phase consisting of acetonitrile (A) and aqueous solution (B). The identification of the separated compounds was performed on atandem mass spectrometry (MS/MS)by fragmentation patterns under the negative electrospray ionization. The parameters of ion source were as follows：capillary voltage, 2 000 V; Cone voltage, 40 V. The ion source temperature, 100 ℃; collision gas argon; sheath gas flow rate, 900 L•h⁻¹; sheath gas temperature, 450 ℃. Through the analysis of mass spectrometry data and with the help of literature data, a total of 35 compounds were detected and most of them were flavonoids. Among these compounds, 29 were common components for the two species, two components were unique to Chinese seabuckthorn and 4 were characteristic components of Tibetan seabuckthorn. The results indicated that the compositions of the two kinds of seabuckthorn leaves were quite similar. It is also demonstrated that UPLC/Q-TOF-MS method could be applied to rapidly and effectively analyze and speculate the compounds in leaves of Chinese seabuckthorn and Tibetan seabuckthorn.

The Analgesia of Oxymatrine Affecting Calcium Channel and GABA Release / 中国中西医结合杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To explore the analgesia of oxymatrine (OMT) affecting high voltage-dependent calcium channels (HVDCCs) and GABA release under neuropathic pain condition.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Totally 66 C57BL/6 mice were randomly divided into the sham-operation group, the model group, and the OMT group, 22 in each group. Neuropathic pain models were established by partial sciatic nerve ligation (PSNL). Hind paw plantar mechanical response threshold (MWT) was measured by up-and-down method with Von-Frey filament. mRNA expression of HVDCCs in brains and spinal cords was detected with Real-time PCR and concentration of GABA was determined using ELISA kit.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Compared with day 0, the left hind paw MWTwas decreased on day 7, 10, and 14 in the model group (P < 0.05). Compared with the sham-operation group, the left hind paw MWT was significantly reduced in the model group on day 7 (P < 0.05). The MWT of PSNL ipsilateral hind paw was decreased on day 7 before OMT administration, when compared with day 0 (P < 0.05), and increased after OMT administration (P < 0.05). Compared with the sham-operation group, mRNA levels of Cav1.2, Cav1.3, Cav2.1, and Cav2.3 in brain tissues were increased and those of Cav2.2 were decreased significantly in the model group (P < 0.05). In spinal cord tissues, mRNA levels of Cav1.2 and Cav1.3 were increased, but those of Cav2.1, Cav2.2, and Cav2. 3 were decreased significantly in the model group, when compared with those of the sham-operation group (P < 0.05). Compared with the model group, mRNA levels of Cavl.2, Cavl.3, Cav2.1, and Cav2. 3 in brain tissues were decreased, and those of Cav2.2 were increased significantly in the OMT group (P < 0.05). In spinal cord tissues of the OMT group, mRNA levels of Cav1.3 decreased and those of Cav2.1, Cav2.2, and Cav2.3 increased significantly with statistical difference, when compared with those of the model group (P < 0.05). Compared with the sham-operation group, GABA levels in brain tissues decreased in the model group (P < 0.05). Compared with the model group, GABA levels in brain tissues increased in the OMT group (P < 0.05). There was no statistical difference in GABA levels of spinal cord tissues among these groups (P > 0.05).</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>OMT had analgesic effect on neuropathic pain, which might be probably related to HVDDCs. Cav2.2 might directly affect GABA release.</p>

Three-dimensional visualization of virtual surgery for intertrochanteric fractures / 南方医科大学学报

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To establish a computer-aided three-dimensional visualization operation simulation system based on Mimics and Unigraphics NX software to provide reliable evidence for accurate preoperative surgical planning.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>The preoperative CT scans of 5 patients with intertrochanteric fractures were used for three-dimensional reconstruction of intertrochanteric fractures using Mimics software. Three-dimensional reconstruction of the surgical instruments was carried out using the modeling function of Unigraphics NX software, whose assembly function was used to visualize the simulates internal fixations of intertrochanteric fractures with dynamic hip screw (DHS) system. The operative procedures simulated by Unigraphics NX were analyzed preoperatively.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The virtual surgery procedures were clearly and vividly visualized in three dimensions. The fracture reduction and surgical effects could be predicted using this system.</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>This system of three-dimensional visualization of virtual surgery for intertrochanteric fractures has important values in surgical planning, risk assessment and clinical training, and can help improve the reliability and outcome of orthopedic surgery.</p>

Analysis of clinical and pathological features of chronic hepatitis B with hepatic steatosis / 中华肝脏病杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To explore clinical and pathological features of chronic hepatitis B (CHB) with hepatic steatosis.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Retrospective analysis of hepatic steatosis in patients with liver biopsy-proven CHB between January 2005 and June 2008. Detailed clinical, laboratory and pathological data of CHB patients with steatosis were compared with those in sex-, age- matched CHB patients without steatosis. Patients co-infected hepatitis C virus or HIV or suffering from liver diseases of other causes were excluded.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Histological hepatic steatosis was found in 33.4% of the 1263 CHB patients. The prevalence of steatosis was increased with time in the study period (20.3%, 28.2%, 32.6%, 65.4%, in trend analysis, P values less than 0.05). Body mass index, fasting plasma glucose, serum triglyceride and total cholesterol level in CHB patients with hepatic steatosis (n = 114) were significantly higher than those in 113 patients without steatosis (t values were 6.811, 2.733, 3.063, 2.340, respectively, P values less than 0.01 or 0.05). Compared to patients without steatosis, serum hepatitis B virus DNA titer in patients with steatosis was significantly lower (x2 = 6.154, P less than 0.05) and reduced sharply with the increased degree of hepatic steatosis (x2 = 4.941, P less than 0.05). There were no differences in liver biochemical test (t values were 0.744, 1.390, -0.029, -1.175, 1.393, respectively, P values more than 0.05), hepatic inflammation grade and fibrosis stage between CHB patients with and without steatosis (x2 = 1.434, 0.106, respectively, P more than 0.05), and these parameters were not associated with different degree of hepatic steatosis (x2 = 2.447, 2.911, respectively, P more than 0.05).</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>Hepatic steatosis is common in patients with CHB, and is related to metabolic disorders. Hepatic steatosis does not affect the severity of CHB. The reverse association of hepatitis B virus titer with the degree of hepatic steatosis needs further investigation.</p>

Establishment of a digital Evans-Jensen classification model of femoral intertrochanteric fracture / 南方医科大学学报

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To establish a digitized Evans-Jensen classification model of femoral intertrochanteric fracture.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>The hip of a healthy male volunteer was examined with 64-slice spiral CT, and the data were processed using Mimics 10.01 software to reconstruct the proximal femur model. According to Evans-Jensen classification criteria of femoral intertrochanteric fracture, each type of fracture model was simulated. Five orthopedic surgeons and 10 medical students undertook the preliminary evaluation of the digital fracture model.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The digital fracture model is intuitive, three-dimensional, and realistic with good visual effect. The fracture could be observed and charted from optional direction and angle. The corresponding animation allowed 360 degrees rotation. Evaluation by the 4 orthopedic surgeons and 10 medical students confirmed that the digital fracture model was intuitive and easy to understand.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>The digital model of femoral intertrochanteric fracture is intuitive, three-dimensional, realistic and dynamic, and may help in clinical practice and medical teaching.</p>

Effects of among compositions of Herba Ephedrae decoction on genic xpression of 5-lipoxygenase activating protein, IL-4 and leukotriene C4 in asthmatic mice / 中国中药杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To explore the regularity of recipe composition by observing inhibitory effects on the genic expression of 5-lipoxygenase activating protein, IL-4 and the leukotriene C4 in asthmatic mice.</p><p><b>METHOD</b>The mice were challenged with OVA and administered ig with the Herba Ephedrae decoction (HED), separated compositions (2500 mg x kg(-1), calculated by Herba Ephedrae) and dexamethasone (2 mg x kg(-1)) respectively once daily for seven days. The real-time fluorescence quantitative PCR method was employed to measure the contents of FLAP mRNA and IL-4 mRNA expressions in lung and the ELISA method was used to determine the content of LTC4 in the washing solution of pulmonary alveolus and bronchi.</p><p><b>RESULT</b>In the lung of asthma mice, the expressions of FLAP and IL-4 and the content of LTC4 were significantly augmented compared with the control group. The HED and the separated compositions could suppress the expressions of FLAP and IL-4 and LTC4 release to a great extent in mice.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>The HED had the remarkable effects of antianaphylaxis asthma and the original formula HED worked best. These results confirmed the rationality and scientific level of HED.</p>

Effects of resveratrol on inflammatory process induced by focal cerebral ischemia-reperfusion in rats / 中国中药杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To investigate the protective effects of resveratrol on inflammatory process induced by focal cerebral ischemia-reperfusion in rats.</p><p><b>METHOD</b>Rats were pretreated with resvreratrol at the dose of 10, 20, 40 mg kg(-1) for 7 days and then subjected to cerebral ischemia/reperfusion induced by a middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO). The infarct volume and the neurological deficit were determined by the method of TTC (2, 3, 5-triphenylterazolium chloride) staining and Longa's score. The permeability of blood-brain barrier (BBB) was evaluated by measurement of the evans blue (EB) content in the brain with spectrophotometer. The content of interleukin-lbeta, interleukin-6 (IL-6, IL-1beta) in serum and tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha), myeloperoxidase (MPO) in brain were determined by radio-immunoassay and ELISA assay.</p><p><b>RESULT</b>Resveratrol reduced infarct volume, ameliorated the neurological deficit and the permeability of BBB, the content of IL-6, IL-1beta in serum and TNF-alpha, MPO activity in brain tissue also were significantly decreased.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>These results showed that resveratrol had protective effects on cerebral injury by inhibiting the releasing of the inflammatory mediators after ischemia/reperfusion injury.</p>

Autologous peripheral blood stem cell transplantation for the treatment of lower extremity arterial occlusive disease / 中华心血管病杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To evaluate the safety and feasibility of autologous peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMNCs) implantation after granulocyte-colony stimulating factor (G-CSF)-induced mobilization in patients with lower extremity arterial occlusive disease (AOD).</p><p><b>METHODS</b>A total of 12 patients with AOD were enrolled in this study. Following administration of rhG-CSF (150 microg/d) for 5 days, PBMNCs were harvested and injected intramuscularly in the diseased extremities (3 x 10(9) per limb).</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>One patient received left leg amputation due to uncontrolled ulcer 15 days post PBMNCs transplantation and the symptoms and signs were improved significantly in 9 patients and the symptoms and signs remained unchanged in another 2 aged patients (> 70 years). Doppler ultrasonography measurement showed that peak systolic velocity in diseased extremities was significantly increased post transplantation [(44.55 +/- 4.13) cm/s vs. (21.32 +/- 0.63) cm/s, P < 0.01]. Contrast lower limb angiogram showed increased collateral vessels post transplantation. One aged patient (80 years) who did not respond to autologous PBMNCs received heterologous PBMNCs transplantation (PBMNCs was harvested from a young relative of him) 3 months post autologous PBMNCs transplantation and observed for another 3 months and all observed parameters improved significantly.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Implantation of autologous PBMNCs collected after G-CSF administration might offer a simple, safe, and effective therapy for the AOD patients.</p>

Effects of compositions of Mahuang decoction on chemotaxis and leukotriene production from neutrophils in rats / 中国中药杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To explore the regularity of recipe composition by observing inhibitory effects of disassembled compositions of Mahuang decoction (MHD) on chemotaxis and leukotriene production from neutrophils in rats.</p><p><b>METHOD</b>Neutrophil aggregation was induced by intraperitoneal injection of glycogen in rats. Intraperitoneal lavage fluid (PLF) was collected and neu-trophils were removed. Neutrophils were stimulated by calciumionophore A23187 in vitro to produce leukotriene B4. The concentrations of leukotriene B4 was measured by reversed-phase high performance liquid chromatography(HPLC), chemotatic chamber assay was used to investigate the regulative role of MHD on chenmotaxis of the neutrophils in response to LPS stimulation.</p><p><b>RESULT</b>Disassembled compositions of MHD could inhibite chemotaxis and leukotriene production from neutrophils in rats. Inhibitory effects of MHD on mast cells were different.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>MHD has significantly inhibitory effects on chemotaxis and leukotriene production from neutrophils in rats. The original formula (MHD) works best. These results have confirmed the rationality and scientific level of MHD.</p>

The mechanism of stem cell factor in bone marrow stem cell transplantation to heart / 中华心血管病杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To study the mechanism of stem cell factor (SCF) in bone marrow stem cells heart transplantation (BMT) and the influence of bone marrow mobilization on the transplantation efficacy.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Rats with acute myocardial infarction (AMI) accepted BMT. The SCF expression in the bone marrow was measured by RT-PCR after the operation. Then bone marrow stem cells with different SCF levels for the transplantation were used and the cardiac function was compared by using echocardiography. The SCF protein expression in the heart, plasma and bone marrow was detected by ELISA.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>SCF expression level decreased significantly 1 week after AMI (P < 0.01), but it didn't decrease in those accepting BMT. Though the rats accepted BMT with bone marrow stem cells from different sources, the cardiac function showed no difference (P > 0.05). After BMT, the SCF protein level in the plasma decreased significantly (P < 0.05).</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>BMT may make mobilization through SCF. Bone marrow stem cells from rats with AMI and also those with myocardial infarction plus BMT therapy can also be used for the transplantation into heart, and have no influence on cardiac function improvement.</p>

Modulation of expression of human GM-CSF and GM-CSFRalpha by total saponins of Panax ginseng / 生理学报

The purpose of the present study was to investigate the biological mechanism for modulating granulocytopoiesis by Panax ginseng. The techniques of culture of hematopoietic progenitor cells and hematopoietic stromal cells in vitro, biological assay of hematopoietic growth factor (HGF), immunocytochemistry, in situ hybridization of nucleic acid, immunoprecipitation and Western blot were used to explore the effect of total saponins of Panax ginseng (TSPG) on the expression of human granulocyte-macrophage colony stimulating factor (GM-CSF) and granulocyte-macrophage colony stimulating factor receptor alpha (GM-CSFRalpha). The results indicated that (1) bone marrow stromal cell (BMSC), thymocyte (TC), splenocyte (SC), endothelial cells (EC), and monocyte (MO) conditioned media prepared with TSPG (50 microg/ml) could significantly enhance the proliferation of CFU-GM; (2) the expressions of GM-CSF in protein and mRNA level in BMSC, TC, SC, EC and MO induced by TSPG (50 microg/ml) were much higher than that of the control; (3) the expression of GM-CSFRalpha protein in hematopoietic cells induced by TSPG (50 microg/ml) was stronger than that of the control; (4) TSPG (50 microg/ml) could stimulate the transient tyrosine phosphorylation of GM-CSFR and Shc protein. We speculate that TSPG may directly and/or indirectly promote the stromal cells and lymphocytes to produce GM-CSF and other cytokine and induce bone marrow hematopoietic cells to express GM-CSF receptors (GM-CSFRalpha), leading to the regulation of the GM-CSFR-mediated signals transduction pathway and the proliferation of human CFU-GM.

Protective effect of curcumin on experimental liver injury in mice / 中国中药杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To Study the protective effect of curcumin on three models of experimental liver injury in mice.</p><p><b>METHOD</b>The experimental models of live injury were induced by carbon tetrachloride (CCl4), D-galactosamine (D-Gal N), and Bacillus Calmette-Guerin (BCG) Plus lipolysaccharides (LPS), respectively, in mice. The serum ALT, AST, NO and liver MDA were measured to evaluate the protective effect of curcumin on experimental injury in mice.</p><p><b>RESULT</b>Curcumin (50 mg.kg-1, 100 mg.kg-1, 150 mg.kg-1), like biophenyldicarboxylate, were shown to significantly inhibit the increase of serum ALT, AST, NO and liver molondialdehyde (MDA) content induced by CCl4, D-Gal N, BCG + LPS.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Curcumin showed protective effect against liver injury induced by CCl4, D-Gal N, BCG plus LPS.</p>

Diagnostic value of the ratio of ligamentum flavum thickness to oblique diameter of lumbar canal in patients with ligamentum flavum hypertrophy / 中华放射学杂志

Objective To evaluate the diagnostic advantage of the ratio of ligamentum flavum(LF) thickness to oblique canal diameter(TODR)measured on CT images in patients with lumbar canal stenosis. Methods Seventy-one patients underwent CT and MRI examinations respectively,and they were divided into two groups,the positive group and negative group,according to the presence or absence of dural sac notch caused by the LF on bilateral parasagittal MR images.Meanwhile,50 volunteers without any symptom in the lumbar region or legs were examined by CT.TODRs were measured at the L3—S1 levels of the inferior margin of the intervertebral disc on transverse CT images,respectively.The results were further analyzed with the positive findings on MR images,clinical symptoms and physical examination,so as to find out the statistical correlation between them.Results LF thickness was(3.01?0.72)mm and TODR was 0.19?0.04 in the negative group,(3.94?0.84)mm and 0.28+0.06 in the positive group,and(3.16? 0.85)mm and 0.19?0.04 in the control group.There was significant difference between positive group and negative group or control group for LF thickness(P0.24, the sensitivity,specificity and positive predictive value were 74.8%,89.6% and 73.6% respectively. Positive correlation existed between LF thickness or TODR and clinical symptom(r=0.72,0.86,P