Construction of emergency nursing rescue process in nuclear accident / 中国实用护理杂志

Objective To explore the nuclear emergency nursing rescue process, and ensure safety and effectiveness of implementation of nuclear emergency nursing rescue. Methods Based on the analysis of the existing national standards, and on the basis of literature review, the method of Delphi was used to collect 23 experts′suggestions, and to make a preliminary draft nuclear emergency nursing rescue process on site. Results The experts' enthusiasm was very high, and the degree of authority (Cr) coefficient was 0.91. A on-site rescue unit partition graph, and two rescue unit process that were preliminary sorting and decontamination, and an on-site rescue process had been drew up. Conclusions After two rounds of expert enquiry, the emergency nursing rescue process is reasonable. And the study could provide objective basis for the implementation of the nuclear emergency nursing rescue.

Current situation and countermeasures of medical damage risk sharing system in China / 中南大学学报(医学版)

Although medical damage risks really exist, an effective medical risk sharing system is still not available in China right now. By analyzing the status quo of Chinese medical damage risks sharing system, the authors put forward the following suggestions to improve the current system: Upgrading the preventive strategy for medical disputes, establishing multi-level and multi-channel comprehensive medical damage risks sharing system, promoting the effective cooperation between insurance relief systems and mediation system for medical disputes, and constructing highly effective pathways to resolve the medical disputes.

The expression and significance of miRNA-324-3p and WNT2B in nasopharyngeal carcinoma / 临床耳鼻咽喉头颈外科杂志

OBJECTIVE@#To investigate the expression and significance of miRNA-324-3p and its target gene WNT2B in tissue specimens of nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) specimens.@*METHOD@#qRT-PCR was used to detect the expression of miRNA-324-3p and WNT2B mRNA, and Western blot was applied to assay the expression of WNT2B protein in 39 cases of NPC specimens and 21 cases of non-carcinoma epithelium. The relationship between their expression levels and clinicopathological characteristics and their correlation with clinical pathological parameters was analyzed.@*RESULT@#The expression of miRNA-324-3p was significantly down-regulated decreased but WNT2B mRNA/protein increased obviously in NPC specimens (P < 0.01). A negative correlation between miRNA-324-3p and WNT2B was spotted (P < 0.05). The expression levels of these markers were closely correlated with T stage, clinic stage and cervical lymph node metastasis (P < 0.05).@*CONCLUSION@#The loss of miRNA-324-3p and ectopic WNT2B might co-induce the initiation and progression of NPC.

Risks and control of complete market-oriented reforms of medical institutions / 中南大学学报(医学版)

Marketization has become the mainstream since the new public management emerges globally in second half of the 20th century. Some countries infuse private capital into medical institutions which used to be managed by the government originally, and cause the medical industry reforms to be market-oriented. Market-oriented reforms of medical institutions may have risks in the following aspects: the risk of uneven distribution of medical resources, the risk of market failure, the moral risk of government renting-seeking and corruption and the decay of social justice values. Measures of controlling these risks include deifning the function orientation of the government, completing the institution-building of healthcare system, improving primary medical system and strengthening social consciousness of hospitals.

Construction of competency model of 'excellent doctor' in Chinese medicine / 中南大学学报(医学版)

OBJECTIVE@#To evaluate outstanding and ordinary persons from personal characteristics using competency as the important criteria, which is the future direction of medical education reform.@*METHODS@#We carried on a behavior event interview about famous doctors of old traditional Chinese medicine, compiled competency dictionary, proceed control prediction test. SPSS and AMOS were used to be data analysis tools on statistics. We adopted the model of peer assessment and contrast to carry out empirical research.@*RESULTS@#This project has carried on exploratory factor analysis and confirmatory factor analysis, established a "5A" competency model which include moral ability, thinking ability, communication ability, learning and practical ability.@*CONCLUSION@#Competency model of "excellent doctor" in Chinese medicine has been validated, with good reliability and validity, and embodies the characteristics of traditional Chinese medicine personnel training, with theoretical and practical significance for excellence in medicine physician training.

Synergistic interactions of TRAIL and paclitaxel on the nasopharyngeal carcinoma cell lines in vitro / 临床耳鼻咽喉头颈外科杂志

OBJECTIVE@#To investigate the synergistic cytotoxicity of TRAIL and paclitaxel on nasopharyngeal cell lines CNE-1 and CNE-2.@*METHOD@#CCK-8 assays the growth inhibition rate of CNE-1 and CNE-2 which was treated with TRAIL or paclitaxel or combination of both. Flow cytometry tests the apoptosis rate of CNE-1 and CNE-2 which was treated with TRAIL or paclitaxel or combination of each other.@*RESULT@#In certain range of time and concentration,TRAIL and paclitaxel inhibited the growth of the cell lines of CNE-1 and CNE-2 in a time-dose dependent manner (P < 0.05). The rate of growth inhibition and apoptosis in TRAIL and paclitaxel combinative group was more significant than that in the TRAIL and paclitaxel singular group (P < 0.05).@*CONCLUSION@#TRAIL and paclitaxel had a synergistic killing effect on NPC cell lines and showed better affection than singular group, which provides a novel and prospective strategy for NPC chemotherapy.

The expression and correlation of HMGB1 and VEGF protein in laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma / 临床耳鼻咽喉头颈外科杂志

OBJECTIVE@#To investigate the expression and biological significance of HMGB1 and VEGF protein in tissue specimens of laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma (LSCC), and further study the correlation between HMGB1 and VEGF protein.@*METHOD@#The expression of HMGB1 and VEGF protein was evaluated by immunohistochemical staining in 69 cases of LSCC specimens and 15 cases of adjacent epithelial tissue samples, and futher correlated with clinicopathologic parameters.@*RESULT@#The positive rates of HMGB1 and VEGF in LSCC tissues were significantly higher than those in adjacent non-cancerous mucosa (P 0. 05). There was a positive correlation between the expression of HMGB1 and VEGF (P < 0.05). The Kaplan-Meier survival analysis showed that patients with strong expression of HMGB1 or VEGF had poorer overall survival compared with that in patients with relative low HMGB1 or VEGF expression (P < 0.05). Multivariate COX regression analysis revealed that both lymph node metastasis and HMGB1 expression were independent prognostic factors for patients with LSCC.@*CONCLUSION@#This study demonstrated that HMGB1 and VEGF protein overexpression were closely associated with clinical stage, metastasis and poorer prognosis in patients with LSCC. Increased expression of these two proteins in LSCC suggested that HMGB1 and VEGF might play a critical role in the initiation and progression of LSCC.

The effect of simultaneously blocking target epidermal growth factor receptortyrosine kinase and cyclooxygenase-2 on the growth of NPC cell / 临床耳鼻咽喉头颈外科杂志

This study was designed to prove simultaneously blocking both EGFR and COX-2-medi-ated pathways may be an efficient means of inhibiting cancer cell growth in NPC. Method: A combination of tarceva (EGFR-selectivetyrosine kinase inhibitors) with celecoxib(Cox-2 inhibitor) was studied on its effects on cell growth, cell cycle progression, apoptosis and protein expression in CNE-2 cell lines by cell growth assay, flow cy-tometric analysis assay and Western blotting. Result: ①The inhibition rate of cell growth was higher in the group treated with a combination of two agents than that the sum of rates of the two groups treated with only one agent (P0.05). ③The group of combination showed less expressions of p-EGFR and COX-2 than any other group. Conclusion Simultaneously blocking EGFR and COX-2 mediated pathways would significantly in-hibit the growth of CNE-2 cell line, increase G_1 arrest and reduce the expression levels of p-EGFR and COX-2.

Expression and significance of Survivin mRNA in xenotransplanted nasopharyngeal carcinoma treated by paclitaxel combined with radiotherapy / 临床耳鼻咽喉头颈外科杂志

OBJECTIVE@#To investigate the expression and significance of Survivin mRNA in xenotransplanted nasopharyngeal carcinoma treated by paclitaxel combined with radiotherapy.@*METHOD@#Xenotransplanted nasopharyngeal carcinoma was established by CNE-2 cell line, then grouped and treated with paclitaxel, radiotherapy, paclitaxel combined with radiotherapy respectively. Xenotransplanted tumor volume was measured; tumor specimens were confirmed by routine hemotoxylin-eosin staining; apoptosis index was assayed by flow cytometry and Survivin mRNA was detected by one step RT-PCR.@*RESULT@#Xenotransplanted tumor growth was significantly inhibited by paclitaxel combined with radiotherapy and its inhibition rate was 99.3%. Compared to control group, apoptosis index was apparently increased in the other three groups (P0.05).@*CONCLUSION@#Paclitaxel combined with radiotherapy can induce significant killing effect in xenotransplanted nasopharyngeal carcinoma; paclitaxel can enhance the radiosensitivity of xenotransplanted nasopharyngeal carcinoma and its mechanism may rely on the down-regulation of Survivin expression.

The effect of simultaneously blocking target epidermal growth factor receptor tyrosine kinase and cyclooxygenase-2 on the growth of NPC cell / 临床耳鼻咽喉头颈外科杂志

OBJECTIVE@#This study was designed to prove simultaneously blocking both EGFR and COX-2-mediated pathways may be an efficient means of inhibiting cancer cell growth in NPC.@*METHOD@#A combination of tarceva (EGFR-selective tyrosine kinase inhibitors) with celecoxib (Cox-2 inhibitor) was studied on its effects on cell growth, cell cycle progression, apoptosis and protein expression in CNE-2 cell lines by cell growth assay, flow cytometric analysis assay and Western blotting.@*RESULT@#(1) The inhibition rate of cell growth was higher in the group treated with a combination of two agents than that the sum of rates of the two groups treated with only one agent (P 0.05). (3) The group of combination showed less expressions of p-EGFR and COX-2 than any other group.@*CONCLUSION@#Simultaneously blocking EGFR and COX-2 mediated pathways would significantly inhibit the growth of CNE-2 cell line, increase G1 arrest and reduce the expression levels of p-EGFR and COX-2.

In vitro experimental study of killing Hep-2 cells of laryngeal cancer with suicide fusion gene CDglyTK / 临床耳鼻咽喉头颈外科杂志

OBJECTIVE@#To study the killing effect of suicide gene CDglyTK combined with GCV or 5-FC on the human laryngeal carcinoma Hep-2 cell line in vitro.@*METHOD@#Constructed plasmid pcDNA3.1 (-) CMV. CDglyTK was verified by enzyme digestion of Xho I /Hind III and automatic sequence analysis, then it was introduced into Hep-2 cells by electroporation to yield cells expressing CDglyTK stably after selecting with G418(400 ng/L) for 14 da. The expression of CDglyTK mRNA in transfected Hep-2 cells was tested by RT-PCR. Compared with Hep-2 cells transferred with pcDNA3.1(-), in vitro chemosensitivity of CDglyTK-expressing Hep-2 cells to 5-FC, GCV or 5-FC + GCV was detected by MTT assay.@*RESULT@#The recombinant plasmid contained full-length coding region sequence of CD and TK gene. A anticipated 707 bp fragment was amplified from total RNA of CDglyTK-expressing Hep-2 cells by RT-PCR and a fusion protein of 59 000 was detected in cell extract from transfected Hep-2 cells. In vitro study growth of CDglyTK-positive Hep-2 cells were inhibited by 5-FC, GCV or 5-FC + GCV respectively, and the antitumour effect of 5-FC + GCV is superior to 5-FC or GCV.@*CONCLUSION@#CDglyTK may be a candidate for treating human laryngeal cancer.

Analysis of sphenoid sinus malignant tumor misdiagnosis / 临床耳鼻咽喉头颈外科杂志

OBJECTIVE@#To investigate the clinical characteristics, therapeutic efficacy and misdiagnosis status of sphenoid sinus malignant tumor in order to improve the diagnosis rate.@*METHOD@#Analysing and summarizing 18 patients with sphenoid sinus malignant tumor in our department from 1996 to 2005.@*RESULT@#The metastatic nasopharyngeal carcinoma is the most of sphenoid sinus malignant tumor,the second is chordocarcinoma and non-Hodgkin lymphoma, its clinical manifestation was headache (78%), sight alteration (50%), cranial nerve palsy (39%), nose bleed (11%); the clinical diagnosis rate was 56%.@*CONCLUSION@#The nasal endoscopy is the convention examination for these patients with sphenoid sinus malignant tumor whose imageology diagnosis is of limitation.

Expression of homosapiens chromosome segregation gene in homogenous nasopharyngeal carcinoma tissue cells / 中国耳鼻咽喉头颈外科

OBJECTIVE To study the expression of CSE1L gene sifted from the whole genome expression profiling in the aRNA from homogenous human nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) and non-NPC biopsy tissue samples using semi-quantitative RT-PCR (sqRT-PCR). METHODS CSE1L gene was sifted from the whole genome expression profiling from homogenous NPC and non-NPC biopsy tissue samples. RNA later RNA Stabilization Reagent was used to preserve the tissue samples harvested from the nasopharynx of NPC and non-NPC patients. The samples were microdissected to get the homogenous tissue cells and then the total RNA was isolated from them. The antisense RNA (aRNA) was amplified from the total RNA by “in vitro transcription” (IVT). CSE1L gene expression in the homogenous tumor cells of NPC and the pure epithelial pillar cells of normal nasopharyngeal tissue was investigated by sqRT-PCR. RESULTS The high quality total RNA could be harvested from the microdissected homogenous tissue cells, and then the sufficient aRNA was amplified from it. The expression of CSE1L gene was identified using these aRNA by sqRT-PCR. There were significantdifference between the average expression value of CSE1L in NPC tissue (1.740?1.105) and in non-NPC tissue (0.618?0.183; df=30, t=3.159, P=0.004). The expression of CSE1L gene in the whole expression profiling were 1.056?0.296 in NPC tissue and 0.465?0.835 in non-NPC tissue respectively (df=16, t=4.317, P=0.001) . CONCLUSION The whole genome expression profiling with sqRT-PCR could be used to sift the marker genes from biopsy tissue samples. CSE1L may be as a candidate oncogene in NPC.

Identification of AP1 cis-element and transcriptional effect on cytokeratin 13 gene expression / 中华医学遗传学杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To identify the type of CTGAATCA from -nt.199 to -nt.192 of the cytokeratin 13(CK13) gene 5' flanking region and determine its transcriptional effect on CK13 gene expression.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>The CAT systems were used to assess the effects of different motifs of CK13 gene 5' flanking region on transcription. The clones of pCAT-enhancer with the total length, -nt.207 to +nt.63 and the same length of -nt.207 to +nt.63, but the T, G of -nt.198, -nt.197 being changed to A, T of the CK13 gene 5' flanking region, were constructed and transferred to HeLa cells with the help of lipofectin. Then work was done to detect the instant CAT expression of different clones and evaluate the effects of CTGAATCA of the 5' flanking region on CK13 gene expression. The type of the cis-element of CTGAATCA was identified with electrophoretic mobility shift assay (EMSA) and competition-EMSA.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>CTGAATCA in the CK13 gene 5' flanking region is an AP1 cis-element by EMSA and competition-EMSA, it promotes CK13 gene expression.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>CTGAATCA from -nt.199 to nt.192 of the CK13 gene 5' flanking region is an AP1 reaction element, not a cAMP reaction element. It promotes transcriptional activity of CK13 gene 5' flanking region.</p>

MDM2 gene expression in nasopharyngeal carcinoma and its relationship with p53 protein expression and EB virus latent infection / 临床耳鼻咽喉头颈外科杂志

Objective:To define the expression levels of MDM2 gene in nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC)and its relationship with p53 protein expression and EB virus latent infection. Method :MDM2 gene expression atmRNA and protein levels,p53 protein and EB virus DNA were detected by nonradioactive in situ hybridization(ISH) ,immunohistochemistry(IHC) and polymerase chain reaction (PCR) separately in 46 cases of NPC tissuesand 12 cases of chronic inflammation of nasopharyngeal epithelium (CINE). Result: Fourteen cases of NPCshowed MDM2 mRNA and protein overexpression, 38 cases were p53 protein positive,and 43 cases were EBV-DNA positive. Neither MDM2 nor p53 protein was expressed in any case of CINE. MDM2 expression was signifi-cantly related to p53 protein expression ( P ＜0. 05), but not to EB virus latent infection in NPC. Conclusion:MDM2 gene may play an important role in the pathogenesis of NPC through interacting with p53 protein.