A dosage regimen of M-receptor blocker after TURP for severe BPH with predominant urine storage symptoms / 中华男科学杂志

Objective@#To study the dosage regimen of oral M-receptor blocker following transurethral resection of the prostate (TURP) for severe benign prostate hyperplasia (BPH) with predominant urine storage period symptoms (USPSs) and its clinical effect.@*METHODS@#Severe BPH patients with predominant USPSs received oral tolterodine (2 mg q12d or 4 mg qd) 6 hours after TURP for 4 weeks. The medication continued for another 2 weeks in case of recurrence of USPSs or until the 12th week in case of repeated recurrence. Before and at 1, 4, 8 and 12 weeks after TURP, we analyzed the International Prostate Symptoms Score (IPSS), quality of life (QoL) score, maximum urinary flow rate (Qmax), and postvoid residual volume (PVR) of the patients.@*RESULTS@#Complete clinical data were collected from 106 cases, of which 33 achieved successful drug withdrawal with no aggravation of USPSs at 4 weeks after TURP, 51 at 6－8 weeks, 13 at 10－12 weeks, and 9 needed medication after 12 weeks. Before and at 1, 4, 8 and 12 weeks after TURP, the total IPSSs were 25.33 ± 3.45, 19.33 ± 3.62, 11.56 ± 2.45, 8.38 ± 2.0 and 7.74 ± 1.87, those in the urine storage period were 11.97 ± 1.53, 10.76 ± 1.82, 6.16 ± 1.22, 4.08 ± 1.19 and 3.91 ± 1.15, those at urine voiding were 9.80 ± 1.60, 5.59 ± 1.45, 3.40 ± 0.92, 2.85 ± 0.71, and 2.61 ± 0.67, and the QoL scores were 4.70 ± 0.78, 3.92 ± 0.75, 2.55 ± 0.74, 1.83 ± 0.72 and 1.66 ± 0.75, respectively, with statistically significant differences between the baseline and the scores at 1 and 4 weeks (P 0.05). Qmax and PVR were improved progressively and significantly at 1 and 4 weeks (P 0.05).@*CONCLUSIONS@#Four to eight weeks of oral administration of M-receptor blocker may be an effective dosage regimen for severe BPH with predominant USPSs after TURP.

Meta-analysis of surgical techniques for preventing Frey syndrome and a concave facial deformity after parotidectomy / 中华耳鼻咽喉头颈外科杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To explore the curative effects on surgical methods for the prevention of Frey syndrome and a concave facial deformity after parotidectomy.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>A literature search was performed using the Wianfang Database, Chinese Biomedical Literature Disk Database, Chinese Digital Hospital Library and Chinese Scientific Journals Database of VIP from January 1989 to December 2008. Twenty-six Chinese language controlled studies involving surgical techniques for prevention of Frey syndrome and the concave facial deformity after parotidectomy were identified. Review manager 4.2 software was applied for Meta analysis.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Meta-analysis for surgical techniques to prevent symptomatic Frey syndrome, a positive starch-iodine test, and contour deformity, favored intervention with a cumulative odds ratio (OR) of 0.14 [95% confidence interval (CI), 0.07-0.25]; OR, 0.21 (95% CI, 0.17-0.26); and OR, 0.09 (95% CI, 0.04-0.19), respectively. There was a significant difference in the incidence of these complications between surgical treatment groups and control groups (Z = 6.42, Z = 13.70, Z = 6.43, all P < 0.05). The application of a sternocleidomastoid muscle flap decreased the incidence of symptomatic Frey syndrome (Z = 2.33, P < 0.05), positive starch-iodine test (Z = 7.48, P < 0.05) and contour deformity (Z = 7.78, P < 0.05). The application of acellular dermal matrix decreased the incidence of symptomatic Frey syndrome (Z = 6.02, P < 0.05) and positive starch-iodine test (Z = 5.72, P < 0.05) but did not decrease the incidence of contour deformity (Z = 1.27, P > 0.05).</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>Meta-analysis of operative techniques to prevent symptomatic Frey syndrome, a positive starch-iodine test, and facial asymmetry suggests that such methods are likely to reduce the incidence of these complications and improve the quality of life after parotidectomy.</p>

Experimental study on the anti-tumor effect of monocytes/macrophages against Tca8113 cells and the secretion of vascular endothelial growth factor in acid microenvironment / 华西口腔医学杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To investigate the anti-tumor effect of monocytes/macrophages against Tca8113 cells and the secretion of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) in acid microenvironment in vitro.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Peripheral blood mononuclear cells were extracted from healthy person's blood and cultivated to transform into monocytes/macrophages. The monocytes/macrophages were cultured with Tca8113 in acid microenvironment (pH6.6 and pH6.8) and in normal microenvironment (pH7.2). The anti-tumor effect of monocytes/macrophages against Tca8113 cells were examined by MTT assay. The expression of VEGF was detected by enzyme-link immunoassay (ELISA).</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The anti-tumor effect of monocytes/macrophages against Tca8113 cells in acid environment was lower than in normal environment (P < 0.05). VEGF excreted by mononuclear/macrophage was significantly higher in acid microenvironment than in normal microenvironment.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Due to acid microenvironment inside tumor, the anti-tumor effect of monocytes/macrophages against tumor cell was decreased, but the secretion of VEGF was gradually increased. However, the function of monocytes/macrophages on anti-tumor need more research.</p>

Significance of a reversal expression of the angiopoietin-1 and 2 in oral squamous cell carcinoma / 中华耳鼻咽喉头颈外科杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To investigate the significance of Angiopoietin-1 (Ang-1), Angiopoietin-2 (Ang-2) expression in angiogenesis, vessel maturation, progress and prognosis of oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC).</p><p><b>METHODS</b>The expression of Ang-1, Ang-2, vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), CD34 and alpha-smooth muscle actin (alpha-SMA) were studied in 62 human OSCCs, 30 adjacent noncancerous oral tissues and 10 normal oral mucosa by conventional immunohistochemistry. Microvessel density (MVD) and vessel maturation index (VMI) were also assessed with double-labeling immunohistochemistry staining against CD34, a marker of pan-endothelial cells, and that against alpha-SMA, a marker of mural cells (pericytes/smooth muscle cells). The images were analyzed with BioMias system.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Ang-1/Ang-2 protein expression ratio were significantly lower in OSCC than that in adjacent noncancerous oral tissues and normal oral mucosa (t were -5.42 and -6.234, all P<0.01). There were significantly different Ang-1/Ang-2 protein expression ratio in different tumor' lymph node metastasis status and MVD groups and VMI groups, respectively (t were 3.421, -3.221, 3.824, all P<0.01). The patients with low Ang-1/Ang-2 protein expression ratio and high VEGF protein expression were found to have a significantly higher MVD when compared to others (t were 2.055, 2.345, 2.985, all P<0.05). Ang-1/Ang-2 protein expression ratio had a tendency to be a prognostic factor (chi2=3.383, P=0.066).</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>The reversion of Ang-1 and Ang-2 expression may plays an important role in the development and progression of OSCC. It is closely associated with the angiogenesis, vessel maturation and prognosis of OSCC.</p>

Expression and significance of vascular cell adhesion molecule-1 in human oral squamous cell carcinoma / 华西口腔医学杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To study the expression and the location of vascular cell adhesion molecule-1 (VCAM-1) gene and its clinical significance in human oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC).</p><p><b>METHODS</b>In situ hybridization, PV-9000 polymer detection system for immunohistochemical staining was used to detect the expression and the location of VCAM-1 mRNA and VCAM-1 protein in 48 cases of OSCC and 10 cases of normal controls. Statistical analysis was performed using chi-square test in SPSS 13.0.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>VCAM-1 protein was mainly expressed in tumor cell cytoplasm and membrane, VCAM-1 mRNA was mainly expressed in tumor cell cytoplasm. The expression rate of VCAM-1 mRNA and VCAM-1 protein was significantly higher in OSCC than that in normal oral mucosa (P<0.01). The expression of VCAM-1 mRNA was positively correlated with that of VCAM-1 protein (P<0.01). In the clinicopathologic factors, lymph node metastasis and depth of infiltration were closely correlated with VCAM-1 expression (P<0.01). The expression of VCAM-1 was significantly higher in tumor with lymph node metastasis than in tumor without lymph node metastasis (P<0.01).</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Overexpression of VCAM-1 gene in OSCC may play a potential role in the development of OSCC. The overexpression of VCAM-1 gene in OSCC may be related to the tumor infiltration and metastasis.</p>

The characteristics and significance of microvessel in oral squamous cell carcinoma / 中华口腔医学杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To investigate the characteristics of distribution status of maturation and morphology of the microvessel in oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) and analyze the correlations between the characteristics and clinicopathologic parameters.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>The microvessel in 62 cases of OSCC, 30 cases of adjacent normal tissue and 10 cases of normal oral mucosa were detected by double-labeling immunohistochemistry technique. Image analysis mucosa, the microvascular density (MVD) was higher while vessel maturation system was also used for the analysis</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Compared with adjacent normal tissues and normal oral index (VMI), vascular form factor (VFF) and vascular perimeter (VP) were lower in OSCC with significant difference (P < 0.01). The MVD was higher (P < 0.01) and VMI was lower (P < 0.05) in peritumoral site than those in intratumoral site. The MVD were correlated significantly with lymph node metastasis (P < 0.01).</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>The microvessels in OSCC were significantly different from those in normal oral tissues. The differences may contribute to the application of antiangiogenic therapy, and the peritumoral area in OSCC may become a target site of the therapy. The MVD may be hopefully used as an indicator of tumor malignancy.</p>