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Objective To evaluate the influence of peritoneal lavage with different concentrations of povidone-iodine on hemodynamics and acid-base balance in rabbits.Methods Twenty-four clean-grade healthy adult male New Zealand white rabbits,aged 3 months,weighing 2.8-3.2 kg,were divided into 4 groups (n=6 each) using a random number table:control group (group C),povidone-iodine 1/3 of original concentration group (group TI),povidone-iodine l/2 of original concentration group (group HI) and povidone-iodine of original concentration group (group OI).Rabbits were anaesthetized with intraperitoneal 3％ pentobarbital 1.5 ml/kg,the left femoral artery was cannulated for invasive blood pressure monitoring,and the abdominal cavity was opened.Peritoneal lavage was performed with normal saline,povidone-iodine diluted with normal saline (1 ∶ 2),povidone-iodine diluted with normal saline (1 ∶ 1) and original povidone-iodine 20 ml at 10 min after opening abdominal cavity in C,TI,HI and OI groups,respectively.The fluid for peritoneal lavage was sucked out using a sterile gauze 2 min later and then the abdominal cavity was closed.Mean arterial pressure (MAP) and heart rate (HR) were recorded immediately before lavage (T0) and at 5,10 and 20 min and 1 and 2 h after the end of lavage (T1-5).Arterial blood samples were collected at T0,T4 and T5 for blood gas analysis,and the pH value,BE and lactic acid level were recorded.The duration of anesthesia before peritoneal lavage,cumulative dose of anesthetics,fluid volume and urine volume at 2 h after anesthesia,and mortality at 3 h after peritoneal lavage were recorded.Results Compared with group C,MAP at T1-5 and HR at T3-5 were significantly decreased in TI,HI and OI groups,pH value was significantly decreased and BE negative value was increased at T4,5 in HI and OI groups,the lactic acid level was significantly increased at T5 in group OI,and the mortality rate were significantly increased in HI and OI groups (P＜0.05).Compared with group TI,MAP at T4,5 and pH value at T5 were significantly decreased,BE negative value was increased at T5,and the lactic acid level was increased at T4,5 in group Ol (P＜0.05).There was no significant difference in each parameter between group OI and group HI (P＞0.05).Conclusion Peritoneal lavage with povidone-iodine dose-dependently leads to hemodynamic deterioration and acid-base imbalance in rabbits.
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Objective To evaluate the effect of Iduna protein overexpression on poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase 1 ( PARP-1)∕apoptosis-inducing factor ( AIF) pathway during oxygen-glucose deprivation (OGD)-induced damage to hippocampal neurons in neonatal rats. Methods Primarily cultured hippocam-pal neurons of healthy Sprague-Dawley rats born within 24 h were isolated and cultured. Hippocampal neu-rons were divided into 4 groups (n = 40 each) using a random number table: control group (group C), OGD group ( group O), negative control lentivirus group ( group NL) and Iduna protein overexpression group (group IO). OGD was induced by incubating the neurons in glucose-free medium and hypoxic envi-ronment. Negative control lentivirus and recombinant lentivirus overexpressing Iduna were added at 48 h be-fore establishing the model in NL and IO groups, respectively. Neurons were cultured in the normal culture medium for 24 h in group C. The cell survival rate was detected using methyl thiazolyl tetrazolium assay, the lactic dehydrogenase (LDH) leakage rate was measured using colorimetric method, the comet assay was used to detect DNA content in the tail of neurons, and the expression of PARP-1, cytochrome C (Cyt c) and AIF in the nucleus was detecteded by Western blot. Results Compared with group C, the survival rate of neurons was significantly decreased, the LDH leakage rate and DNA content in the tail of neurons were increased, and the expression of PARP-1, Cyt c and AIF was up-regulated in the other three groups (P<0. 05). Compared with group O, the survival rate of neurons was significantly increased, the LDH leakage rate and the DNA content in the tail of neurons was decreased, and the expression of PARP-1, Cyt c and AIF was down-regulated in group IO (P<0. 05), and no significant change was found in group NL (P>0. 05). Compared with the group NL, the survival rate of neurons was significantly increased, and the LDH leakage rate and DNA content in the tail of neurons were decreased, and the expression of PARP-1, AIF and Cyt c was down-regulated in the group IO (P<0. 05). Conclusion Iduna protein overexpression reduces OGD-induced damage to hippocampal neurons through inhibiting PARP-1∕AIF pathway in neonatal rats.
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Objective To investigate the effects of a single exposure or multiple exposures with equivalent total duration of exposure to sevoflurane on the histological morphology and neurons ultrastructure changes in neonatal rats hippocampus CA1.Methods A total of 45 male Sprague-Dawley rats on postnatal day 7,weighing 14-18 g,were randomly divided into three groups (n=15 each): Control group (group C),single exposure to sevoflurane group (group SS),multiple exposures to sevoflurane group (group TS).In group SS,the rats inhaled 3% sevoflurane for 6 h on postnatal day 7.In group TS,the rats inhaled 3% sevoflurane for 2 h on postnatal day 7,8 and 9.In group C,the rats inhaled 60% oxygen on the corresponding day age.Rats were sacrificed and brain were seperated on postnatal day 14.CA1 pyramidal neurons pathological morphology and quantity changes were observed by Hematoxylin-Eosin (HE) and Nissl staining.In the meantime,transmission electron microscopy was used for observing neurons ultrastructure and measuring the thickness of the postsynaptic density and the length of the postsynaptic active area.Results Nissl staining and HE indicated that multiple exposures and a single 6 h exposure to sevoflurane resulted in severer neurons loss and sparse arrangement relative to group C (P<0.05),Multiple exposures to sevoflurane resulted in greater neurons loss compared with a single 6-h exposure (P<0.05).Transmission electron microscope indicated that damage of CA1 neuronal subcellular organelle induced by multiple exposures and a single 6 h exposure was severer compared with group C.Both multiple exposures and a single exposure lead to decreased thickness of the postsynaptic density and shorter length of the postsynaptic active area (P<0.05).Multiple exposures to sevoflurane caused greater damaged than a single exposure (P<0.05).Conclusion Both a single and multiple exposure to sevoflurane induced CA1 neurons loss and ultrastructure changes in neonatal rats.Compared with a single exposure,multiple exposures to sevoflurane resulted in greater neurons morphology injury.
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A15, a DNA aptamer with binding specificity for U87 glioma cells stably overexpressing the epidermal growth factor receptor variant III (U87-EGFRvIII), was generated by cell systematic evolution of ligands by exponential enrichment (cell-SELEX) using a random nucleotide library. Subsequently, we established a cell enzyme-linked assay (cell-ELA) to detect the affinity of A15 compared to an EGFR antibody. We used A15 as a detection probe and cultured U87-EGFRvIII cells as targets. Our data indicate that the equilibrium dissociation constants (K(d)) for A15 were below 100 nmol/L and had similar affinity compared to an EGFR antibody for U87-EGFRvIII. We demonstrated that the cell-ELA was a useful method to determine the equilibrium dissociation constants (K(d)) of aptamers generated by cell-SELEX.