Progress of research on the preventive and therapeutic agents against radiation-induced injuries / 中国辐射卫生

Radiation-induced injury, a body dysfunction caused by irradiation, is associated with the dose, duration, and speed of radiation and is predominantly derived from radiation therapy for patients with malignant tumors. The current clinical treatment mainly includes amelioration of injury, alleviation of symptoms, and improvements in function restoration of the affected sites because of lack of targeted agents specific to radiation-induced injuries. Research and development of preventive and therapeutic agents against radiation-induced injuries are of great significance to reduce the body damages caused by radiotherapy and improve the quality of life of cancer survivors. This review summarizes the radiation-induced injury and its mechanisms, radioprotectants, and therapeutic agents for radiation, and proposes future development directions, so as to provide a reference for alleviation of radiation-induced injury and improvement in prognosis.

The total synthesis of natural cyclopeptide auyuittuqamide A / 药学实践杂志

Objective To synthesize the natural cyclopeptide auyuittuqamide A by Fmoc-based solid phase linear synthesis and liquid phase cyclization. Methods Using 2-chlorotriphenylmethyl chloride (CTC) resin as the solid support, 1,3-diisopropylcarbodiimide (DIC) and 1-hydroxybenzotriazole (HOBt) as the condensing agents, 9-fluorenylmethoxycarbonyl (Fmoc) to protect amino acids were assembled in sequence, and then the linear peptide bearing the protected groups was obtained in presence of trifluoroethanol (TFE) cutting reagent. The protected linear peptide was cyclized with the aid of benzotriazole hexafluorophosphate (PyBOP) and 1-hydroxybenzotriazole (HOBt) in dichloromethane (DCM) solution, followed by trifluoroacetic acid (TFA) deprotection to obtain the cyclic peptide, auyuittuqamide A that was purified by preparative HPLC and characterized by HR-MS and 500MHz 1H-NMR. Results The purity of auyuittuqamide A was more than 95% and the total yield was 5.48%. Conclusion This method has simple synthesis steps and high yield. It is the first to establish a fully synthesis method for the natural cyclic peptide auyuittuqamide A, which lays the foundation for further research of auyuittuqamide A.

The effect of brain health education on therapeutic adherence of hypertensive patients with subjective memory complaints / 中国实用护理杂志

0bjective To explore the effect of brain health education on therapeutic adherence of hypertensive patients with subjective memory complaints based on health belief model. Methods A randomized controlled trial was designed in this study. eligible patients were selected from a community health service center in Chongqing were randomly assigned to intervention group (56 cases) and control group (60 cases). The control group received routine community health services and the intervention group received brain health education on the basis of the control group. statistical analysis was performed on the patients' dementia risk control belief, therapeutic adherence, and blood pressure control rate at baseline, after the group intervention, and after the individualized telephone intervention. Results There was a significant group× time interaction(F 交互=12.353, 22.376, P<0.05) on dementia risk control belief and therapeutic adherence (P<0.05),. The dementia risk control belief score, the therapeutic adherence and the blood pressure control rate in the intervention group was (98.74±13.62), (119.26±4.93) points and 70.0% , the control group was (85.00 ± 12.80), (106.48 ± 10.33) points and 50.0% after the intervention; the intervention group was higher than the control group (t=5.194, t=7.899, χ2=4.167, P<0.05). The subjects were rated at 4 points and above for each item of satisfaction with the project after the intervention. Conclusions Brain health education based on health belief model in hypertensive patients with subjective memory complaints, can effectively improve the dementia risk control belief and therapeutic adherence, and promote the self-management of blood pressure control.

Biocatalytic strategies in producing ginsenoside by glycosidase-a review / 生物工程学报

Panax ginseng is a traditional Chinese medicine with significant pharmaceutical effects and wide application. Through orientational modification and transformation of ginsenoside glycosyl, rare ginsenosides with high antitumor activities can be generated. Traditional chemical methods cannot be applied in clinic. because of extremely complex preparation technologies and very high cost Transformations using microorganisms and their enzymatic systems provide the most feasible methods for solving the main problems. At present, the key problems in enzymatic synthesis of ginsenosides include low specific enzyme activities, identity of enzymes involved in the enzymatic synthesis, and their catalytic mechanisms, as well as nonsystematic studies on structural bioinformatics; specificity of enzymatic hydrolysis for saponin glycosyl has been rarely studied. Many reviews have been reported on glycosidase molecular recognition, immobilization, and biotransformation in ionic liquids (ILs), whereas ginsenoside transformation and application have not been systematically studied. To evaluate theoretical and applied studies on ginsenoside-oriented biotransformation, by reviewing the latest developments in related fields and evaluating the widely applied biocatalytic strategy, this review aims to evaluate the ginsenoside-oriented transformation method with improved product specificity, increased biocatalytic efficiency, and industrial application prospect based on the designed transformations of enzyme and solvent engineering of ILs. Therefore, useful theoretical and experimental evidence can be obtained for the development of ginsenoside anticancer drugs, large-scale preparation, and clinical applications in cancer therapy.

Research progress in sinomenine structural modification / 药学实践杂志

Sinomenine is an alkaloid found in the climbing plant Sinomenium acutum.Structurally,it belongs to the iso-quinoline derivatives,which have various bioactivities.Clinically,it is used in the treatment for rheumatism,rheumatoid arthri-tis and arrhythmia,etc.Nevertheless,due to the need of large dose,photo and thermal instability,quick metabolism in vivo and highly allergic for some patients,scientists have committed to modify its structure to develop the highly effective and low toxic derivatives.In this paper,the recent advances in structural modification of sinomenine are reviewed.

Study on the influencing factors of subjective memory complains in community elderly / 中国实用护理杂志

Objective@#To explore the level of the subjective memory complaints and its influencing factors among the elderly people in the community.@*Methods@#The Memory Satisfaction of the Muti-factorial Memory Questionnaire was to evaluate the subjective memory complaints of the community elders, the objective memory function and general cognitive function were evaluated by the Auditory Verbal Learning Test (AVLT) and Mini-mental State Examination (MMSE) respectively, the depression was evaluate by the Geriatric Depression Scale (GDS-1), and the general population was collected by the general information questionnaire.@*Results@#The incidence of subjective memory complaints in the community was 76%, multiple regression analysis showed that GDS score (β=-0.522, P<0.001) , gender (β=0.137,P<0.05) and AVLT delayed recall score (β=0.136,P<0.05) were the main complaints of subjective memory in the elderly influencing factors.@*Conclusion@#Depression and objective memory are the main influencing factors of elderly subjective memory complaints, suggesting that when developing a primary preventive strategy, consideration should be given to cognitive screening of elderly people who with subjective memory complains and inclusion of prevention and management as a risk population for dementia, with a focus on providing health services and family visits.

The perception feature and influence factors in people with subjective memory complaints / 中华行为医学与脑科学杂志

Objective To study the memory disorder perception characteristics of subjective memo-ry complaints(SMCs)and to analyze the influencing factors. Methods 302 subjects conforming to the in-clusion criteria were selected.All the subjects completed the illness perception questionnaire-memory of Chi-nese version(IPQ-M). Results (1)There was no statistical difference between the score of social compari-son(2.95±0.78)and the middle value 3.The differences between the score of the remaining dimensions of memory impairment perception(timeline acute/chronic(3.57 ± 0.89),consequences(2.24 ± 0.77),timeline stability/decline(3.71±0.88),personal control(blame)(3.61±0.92),personal control(helplessness)(3.31± 0.73),emotional representation(2.29 ± 0.70),treatment control(2.78 ± 0.67),illness coherence(3.14 ± 0.64))and the middle value 3 were statistically significant(all P<0.05).(2)Gender,education level,living condition,marital status,economic condition,family history of dementia and knowledge education of dementia were the influencing factors of memory perception of SMCs. Conclusion The memory complaining people are less aware of the related knowledge of memory decline,and there are more errors and negative percep-tions.The factors that affect the perception of memory disorders are complex.

Influence factors of microdialysis linear probe recovery for in vivo and in vitro cyclophosphamide calibration by HPLC-MS/MS / 国际药学研究杂志

Objective To establish an optimal linear probe recovery correction method for in vivo and in vitro cyclophosphamide. Methods with ringer solution as the perfusion, retrodialysis gain and loss method were used to calibrate the linear probe. The impact of different perfusion flow rates on microdialysis relative recovery for cyclophosphamide was investigated by HPLC-MS/MS. Results When the perfusion was 1.0μl/min, in vitro recovery results were in the range of (24.11±1.75)%to (50.93±0.91)%for the gain method, and(26.19±0.76)% to(53.31±1.23)% for the loss method;recovery results in vivo were(26.19±0.76)%. Conclusion Cyclophosphamide is suitable for microdialysis sampling. This experiment calibration method is simple and effective.

Quality standard of Haimo Blood-Stanching Tablets / 中成药

AIM: To establish the quality standard for Haimo Blood-Stanching Tablets(cuttle fish sepia) by means of quantitative and qualitative experiments. METHODS: Melanin was identified by physics and chemistry reaction.Gly,Asp,Glu and Ala in Haimo Blood-Stanching Tablets were determined by HPLC-AccQ-Tag method and iron was determined by atomic absorption spectrophotometer. RESULTS: Melanin in sepia could be dissolved in 2 mol/L NaOH and there was something black separated out when in 2 mol/L HCl.The recoveries of four kinds of(amino) acids and iron were all in the range of 95%-105%.Each RSD was below 5%(n=6). CONCLUSION: The quantitative and qualitative analysis methods are accurate and reproducible.This study provides a method for the quality control of Haimo Blood-Stanching Tablets.

Primary active components in sepia: a qualitative and quantitative analysis / 第二军医大学学报

Objective:To establish a method for qualitative and quantitative analysis of the major active components in sepia.Methods: Melanin was identified by dissoving it in a basic solution to see whether there was segregation of a black substance.Glycine,asparagines,glutamic acid and alanine in sepia were determined by HPLC-AccQ-Tag method and iron was determined by atomic absorption spectrophotometer.Results: Melanin in sepia was dissolved in 2 mol/L NaOH solution and black substance was obtained in 2 mol/L HCl solution.The recoveries of the above 4 amino acids and iron were within the range of 95%-105% with RSD