[Transplantation of bone marrow stem cell-derived neuroprogenitor into demyelinated rat corpus callosum]

Background and Aim: bone marrow stem cells [BMSCs] are recognized as appropriate source for cell therapy in neurodegenerative disorders. In this exprimental study, neuroprogenitor cells [NPC]-derived from BMSCs were transplanted into an animal demyelination model

Material and Methods: BMSCs were isolated from femur bones of the rats and cultured in DMEM medium containing FBS. BMSCs were differentiated into NPC by inducers such as; RA, bFGF and EGF. Specific neuroprogenitor markers, e.g.:Nestin and NF68 were detected by using immunocytochemistry technique. Demyelination model was induced via injection of gliotoxin lysolecithin [LPC] into the corpus callosum. After one week, Dil labled NPCs were transplanted into the rat brains. The extention of demyelination and cell homing were measured 2 weeks later by histological and immunohistochemical staining

Result: BMSCs were appeared with neurologic morphology and differentiation of the cells into NPC after exposure to neural inducers was confirmed by immunocytochemistry staining. Histological and immunohistochemical evaluation showed significant decrease in demyelination in the experimental group

Conclotion: the results of this study demonstrated that transplantation of NPC-derived BMSCs led to significant remyelination in demylinted corpous callosum

[Increased risk of gastric cancer in the CC genotype -31C/G polymorphism in Survivin gene promoter]

Background and Objective: Gastric cancer is the most common cancers worldwide. The survivin gene which encodes an apoptosis protein inhibitor plays an important role in maintenance and integrity of the gastric mucosa. The gene is necessary for the normal physiologic function of the stomach, but its expression increases in gastric cancer. Regarding with the role of polymorphisms of the promoter region in genes expression, this study was done to determine the association of single-nucleotide polymorphism [rs9904341] -31C/G in promoter survivin gene with risk of gastric cancers

Methods: In this case-control study, 101 patients with gastric cancer and 101 matched age and gender healthy subjects as the control were examined by PCR-RFLP technique

Results: Genotype CC was significantly increased the risk of gastric cancer up to 2.4 folds [95% CI= 1.03-5.61, P<0.04] and allele C, as risk allele, significantly increased the risk of gastric cancer up to 1.5 folds [95% CI= 1.02-2.30, P<0.03]. Also, CC + GC genotypes significantly increased the risk of diffuse type of gastric cancer by 4.4-fold [95% CI=1.30-15.10, OR=4.4, P<0.01]

Conclusion: This study showed that single- nucleotide polymorphism [rs9904341] -31C/G in promoter survivin gene significantly increase the risk of gastric cancers

[Acute necrotizing encephalopathy childhood: a case report]

Acute necrotizing encephalopathy [ANEC] is a rare illness with high incidence in East Asia. It is accompanied with respiratory infection, gastrointestinal infections, and high fever with quick impaired consciousness, and convulsion. In this case report, Turkmen 6 month's girl that was introduced after an infection with no disease or clinical abnormalities. She was vaccinated accordingly; initially she had fever with generalized tonic-clonic convulsion [seizures] for 5 to 10 minutes level of consciousness decreased later on. She was transferred to Talghani Medicat Education center in nortern Iran. At the time of admition her vital signs were as below: RR: 30, GCS: 8-9, RP: 110, BP: 90/80. In the patient's history, there was neither Trauma history, nor food or drug poisoning, also no clinical history. After convulsion, the level of consciousness decreased and serum biochemistry showed normal electrolytes concentration. In further follow - up, AST increased to 98 units, ALT to 58 units, and ammonium to 215 units. In CSF Sample, protein level increased to 330 units, without any avidences of pleocytosis, blood, or Serum glucose drop. In CT without contract, hypodensity the cornea in thalamus and caudate cores were seen in 2 sides. The ventricles were normal and there were no signs of bleeding and pressure. In brain M.R.I, abnormal signal in 2 sides, blood samples cultivation, CSF, and testing urine for bacterial infection were negative. The patient was diagnosed with necrotizing encephalopathy and subsequently was treated with metyle prednisolone [20 mg daily]. During hospitalization, level of consciousness increased and fever stopped. There was not recurrence of convulsion, but the patients still had some problems in moving, verbal and communication

comparative study on the increased radioresistance to lethal doses of gamma rays after exposure to microwave radiation and oral intake of flaxseed oil

Mobile phones, use electromagnetic radiation in the microwave range. On the other hand, there is only one report on radioprotective effects of flaxseed oil. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of irradiation of rats with microwaves and/or treatment with flaxseed oil on the induction of adaptive response to a subsequent lethal dose [LD] of gamma rays. Eighty male rats were randomly divided into 6 groups of 13-15 animals. The animals in the 1[st] to 5[th] groups received microwave exposure, microwave+flaxseed oil [dissolved in olive oil], flaxseed [continued after LD], flaxseed, and olive oil. At day 5, all animals were whole-body irradiated with a previously reported LD 50/30 of 8 Gy gamma radiation. The 6th group [controls] received the same LD 50/30, but there was not any other treatment before or after the LD. No death event was observed during days 1-9 after LD irradiation in either group. At day 10, death events started in the 4[th] group. Thirty days after irradiation of the animals, the survival fractions for the control group, as expected, was 53.3% while there was no death event in the 1[st] group [survival rate of 100% in microwave-pretreated animals]. The survival fractions for the 2[nd] to 5[th] groups were 69.2%, 92.3%, 46.1%, and 61.5%, respectively. While these findings open new horizons in radiation protection, the radioresistance induced by microwave radiations emitted by a mobile phone may interfere with the outcome of any subsequent therapeutic application of photons or radioisotopes