Anti-leukemia effect and toxicity of arsenic trioxide: a review / 中国药理学与毒理学杂志

Arsenic trioxide (As2O3) has been considered a poison,which is also known as an old drug and has recently been re-introduced as a new medicine.As2O3 shows potent effect on many types of cancers,especially on a specific types of leukemia-acute promyelocytic leukemia (APL).This poison drug As2O3 is effective against all stages of APL and has been approved by the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) of the United States for the treatment of APL.However,the clinical use of As2O3 has been limited by its toxicities,especially cardiotoxicity.This review focuses on the therapeutic effect on APL and the side effect during treatment.

Effects of Green Tea Polyphenols on LDLR Function and Potential Mechanism in HepG2 Cells / 中山大学学报(医学科学版)

[Objective] To investigate the effects of the bioactive constituents of green tea polyphenols epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG) on low density lipoprotein receptor (LDLR) function of HepG2 cells.[Methods] The optimal concentration and cell proliferation of HepG2 cells were determined by CCK8 assay,and Western blotting was used to determine LDLR and PCSK9 protein levels,respectively,and LDL uptake in HepG2 cells was detected by fluorescence microscope.[Results] EGCG elevated LDLR protein expression,reduced PCSK9 protein expression and promoted LDL uptake in HepG2 cells.[Conclusion] EGCG may increase LDLR abundance by down-regulating PCSK9 protein and attenuating LDLR protein degradation,which providing a new approach for lipid lowering therapy.

Effects of daidzein on expressions of BDNF and NPY in hippocampus rats with chronic stress depression and non-specific immune regulation / 中国免疫学杂志

Objective:To investigate the effects of Daidzein on behavior of chronic stress depression rats and the expression of hippocampal brain-derived neurotrophic factor ( BDNF ) , neuropeptide Y ( NPY ) and non-specific immune regulation.Methods: 40 healthy adult male SD rats with body weight(210±19)g,clean grade,were chosen and fed with 1%sucrose solution for 4 d to change drinking habits.On the fifth day rats were subjected to water deprivation for 24 h without fasting.On the sixth day rats were fed with 1%surcrose solution.4 h later, preference of 1% surcrose solution was examined.According to the 1% sucrose solution preference and weight rats were randomly divided into 4 groups,normal control group(CG),model control group,(MG),fluoxetine group(FG,10.0 mg/kg),daidzein group(DG,80.0 mg/kg).At the same time of establishing model,rats were administered orally once a day for 32 d.The depression model was established by chronic unpredictable mild stress model and separation.The behavioral changes of the rats were observed, and expression of BNDF in hippocampus and NPY was measured by Western blot technology and immunohistochemistry.It was observed the proliferation function of lymphocytes,spleen index,the number of peripheral blood leukocytes and antibody-secreting cell function.Results: Compared with the normal control group(CG),the weight of rats with chronic stress protocol was lower, 1%sucrose consumption decreased,scores of rats in the open field test dropped significantly,the immobility time in the forced swimming test prolonged,the level of expression of BNDF and NPY decreased,all the differences above were statistically sig-nificant(P<0.01).Compared with model group,weight of rats in fluoxetine treatment group(FG) and daidzein treatment group(DG)in-creased,sugar consumption,scores in the open field test and the levels of expression of BNDF and NPY significantly increased,the differences were statistically significant( P<0.05 or P<0.01 ).The number of peripheral blood leukocytes and antibody-secreting cell function and proliferation of lymphocytes force in daidzein treatment group was significantly higher than the model group,daidzein dose spleen index was significantly higher than the model group(P<0.01).Conclusion: The daidzein can antagonize depressive symptoms in chronic stress mice,daidzein may increased content of BDNF in hippocampus and NPY protein, and enhanced the role of humoral immune response and lymphocyte proliferation in rats with chronic stress model.The mechanisms of antidepressant effects of daidzein might be related to the increase of content of BDNF in hippocampus and NPY protein and non -specific immune regulation.

Antidepressant effect of lentinan in chronically stressed mice and its possible mechanism / 中国免疫学杂志

Objective:By observing the hippocampus 5-HT1A receptor expression, MDA content and SOD activity and the effect of lentinan mouse model of chronic stress behavior,serum TNF-αand IL-6 content.To investigate the mechanism of antidepressant LNT.Methods:Healthy adult mice were 50,male,body weight (20 ±2) g,SPF grade,based on 1% sucrose water partial addicted degrees and were randomly divided into four groups,namely,normal control group (Normal controls,NG),model in the control group ( Model control,MG) ,LNT dose group ( L-LNT,2.5 mg/kg;H-LNT,5.0 mg/kg).Before the experiment began modeling 1 h daily oral administration,continuous administration 28 d, each experimental group administered according 1.0 ml/100 g weight.Application chronic unpredictable mild stress model of depression produced,and make improvements.Normal control group,not to stimulate,food and water properly.Model group and the experimental intervention group with the lone support,fasting,water deprivation (24 h),and accept the unpredictable stressors,the 28 d of the experiment,the animals were randomized to receive daily each only one stimulus, within five days after making the choreography the stimulus program was not repeated and unpredictable.Animals were observed daily behavior change,with a strange environment to start feeding feeding experimentally observed incubation period,forced swim stress test record swim immobility time,enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay of serum TNF-α,IL-6 content ,NBT assay of total SOD activity,thio-barbituric acid (thiobarbituric acid,TBA) MDA content assay,immune proteins mark (Western blot) to detect 5-HT1A receptor expression levels.Results:MG mice in an unfamiliar environment, feeding latency was significantly prolonged after giving LNT intervention can shorten lead to chronic stress in mice feeding latency in an unfamiliar environment,prolonged chronic stress leads to significantly reduce the stress in mice swimming in water immobility time extension,and 5-HT1A receptor expression enhancing,LNT intervention group increased SOD,MDA content decreased serum TNF-αand IL-6 was significantly reduced,compared with the model group MG indicators above improvements were statistically significant ( P<0.05 or P<0.01 ).Conclusion:LNT can significantly antagonize depressive symptoms in mouse models of chronic stress,increased locomotor activity in mice time;LNT increase SOD,MDA content may antagonize the antidepressant effects and mechanisms related to LNT.

Stability of Shuanghuanglian Injection Mixed with Cefazolin Sodium and Other Injections in Vitro / 中国中医药信息杂志

Objective To investigate the compatibility of Shuanghuanglian Injection mixed with Cefazolin Sodium for Injection, Dexamethasone Sodium Phosphate Injection and Ribavirin Injection. Methods Under room temperature, the changes of appearance were determined by pH meter and particle counter for Shuanghuanglian Injection mixed with Cefazolin Sodium for Injection, Dexamethasone Sodium Phosphate Injection and Ribavirin Injection. Results There were no evident changes in appearance and pH of Shuanghuanglian Injection mixed with Cefazolin Sodium for Injection, Dexamethasone Sodium Phosphate Injection and Ribavirin Injection. The number of particles (diameter≥25 μm) of Shuanghuanglian Injection mixed with Cefazolin Sodium for Injection and Dexamethasone Sodium Phosphate Injection was increased after 0.5 h. Conclusion Shuanghuanglian Injection can be mixed with Cefazolin Sodium for Injection, Dexamethasone Sodium Phosphate Injection and Ribavirin Injection for bigeminy, while should not for multitherapy.

Evaluation of the myocardial protection of trimetazidine during percutaneous coronary intervention:a multi-center randomized and controlled clinical study / 中华内科杂志

Objective To evaluate the myocardial protection effects of trimetazidine during percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI). Methods 101 patients from 5 hospitals with stable or unstable angina pectoris were enrolled in this study. All the patients were randomized into two groups: a trimetazidine group (n = 54) and a control group ( n = 47). The trimetazidine group received oral trimetazidine 20 mg three times a day for (5±2 ) days before coronary angiography and a loading dose of 60 mg 30 minutes before PCI. The daily routine dosage was continued for 4 weeks after the procedure. The control group received similar treatment except trimetazidine. For each patient, the angina pectoris attacks, CK-MB,electrocardiogram and echocardiogram were noted. Results Angina did not occur in trimetazidine group during the procedure but occurred in 12 patients( 25.5% ) in the control group( P <0.001 ). The changes of ST-segment and T wave during balloon dilatation in PCI procedure were less in the trimetazidine group (60.8% vs 78.3% , P < 0.05). Ejection fraction in the trimetazidine group was higher than that in the control group 4 weeks [ ( 66.6±7.1 ) % vs ( 63.0±7.7 ) % , P = 0.03 ] after PCI. Conclusion Trimetazidine could reduce the frequency of angina pectoris attacks and myocardial damage during PCL It also improves left ventricular function during follow-up after PCL

The efficacy and safety of tirofiban in the treatment of elderly patients with acute coronary syndrome during primary percutaneous coronary intervention / 中华老年医学杂志

Objective To investigate the efficacy and safety of tirofiban in the treatment of aged patients with acute coronary syndrome (ACS) during primary percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI). Methods Two hundred and fifty-six patients with ACS who underwent primary PCI were randomly divided into two groups: tirofiban group (tirofiban + PCI treatment, n= 130) and control group (routine PCI treatment, n = 126). Tirofiban group was further divided into two subgroups according to the age: aged group(age ≥60 years, n= 68) and non-elderly group(age<60 years, n=62). At the end of PCI procedure, angiographic features such as thrombolysis in myocardial infarction (TIMI) flow grade, corrected TIMI frames count and TIMI myocardial perfusion grades (TMPG) were analyzed immediately. The incidence of major adverse cardiac events (MACE) was observed within 36 hours and 30 days after PCI, and the incidence rates of thrombocytopenia and bleeding were assessed. Results There was no significant difference between both the two study groups and the two subgroups in the basic clinical or angiographic characteristics before PCI (all P>0.05). There was no significant difference between two groups in TIMI 3 flow achievement rate in culprit vessels after PCI (93.6% vs. 91.3%, χ~2 = 1.02, P= 0.313). In tirofiban group, corrected TIMI frames count was significantly higher than that in control group (31.6±7.7 vs. 23.8±6.1, t = 2.49, P 0.026), and TMPG 3 achievement rate was also higher (83.1% vs. 67.5% ,χ~2=4.05, P=0.046). The incidence of MACE was significantly lower in tirofiban group than that in control group both within 36 hours and 30 days after procedure(6.9% vs. 19.0%, χ~2= 6.30, P= 0.013; 3.8% vs. 11.90%, χ~2= 5.82,P=0.018, respectively). No statistical difference was found in mild bleeding complications between the two groups (20.2% vs. 15.2%, χ~2 =3.65, P=0.065), but the incidence of mild bleeding was higher in aged group than that in the non-elderly group(25.0% vs. 14.5%,χ~2=4.98, P=0.026), and the incidences of serious bleeding and thrombocytopenia were similar between the two subgroups. Conclusions Intravenous tirofiban infusion is safe in aged ACS patients during primary PCI, and has favorable short-term outcomes compared with routine treatment, although there is a slight risk of mild bleeding.

The clinical significance of soluble thrombomodulin in acute coronary syndrome / 中国医师进修杂志

Objective To study the levels of soluble thrombomodulin (sTM)in patients with acute coronary syndrome (ACS) and evaluate its clinical significance. Method Measured the sTM levels with enzyme linked immunosorbent assay, and described the characteristics of coronary arteriography, risk factors of coronary heart disease, and adverse events in a case-control study of 48 ACS patients (ACS group)and 10 normal people (control group). Results The level of sTM in ACS group was (3.67±1.71) μg/L, and (2.34±0.43)μg/L in control group (P<0.05). The level of sTM in the patients of risk factors or impaired vessels number more than 2 increased significantly than those in the patients of risk factors or impaired vessols number inferior or equal to 2, (4.93±2.76) μg/Lvs (3.13±0.81) μg/L, P<0.05, (4.60± 2.83) μg/L vs (2.91±0.23) μg/L, P < 0.05 respectively. The incidence of cardiac events in the patients of sTM more than 3.2 μg/L (70.0%)was higher significantly than that in the patients of sTM inferior or equal to 3.2 μg/L(35.7%), P< 0.05. Conclusions The levels of sTM are valuable markers to evaluate the impaired degree and scope of endothelial cells in ACS. They are also associated with the number of risk factors, and useful in predicting the extent and prognosis of the disease.

The effect of sodium orthovanadate on sugar absorption of small intestine in rats / 中国药理学通报

AIM To observe the effect of sodium orthovanadate on glucose and maltose absorption and to reveal its mechanism. METHODS ① Normal Wistar rats were divided into 6 groups at random, 0 9% NaCl group, acarbose group(30 mg?kg -1 ) and sodium orthovanadate high dose(16 mg?kg -1 ), middle dose (4 mg?kg -1 ) and low dose (1 mg?kg -1 )groups. The values of blood glucose of all the groups were measured with oxidation enzyme method after administration of glucose and maltose. ② The ? glucosidase was abstracted from the upper small intestine and the inhibitory effect of sodium orthovanadate on ? glucosidase was examined. RESULTS ① Sodium orthovanadate could delay the peak values of plasma glucose induced by glucose, with AUC in these groups lower than that in controls, that is (8 42?0 63) mmol?h -1 ?L -1 ( P

The clinical diagnosis of acute coronary syndrome and the analysis of coronary arteriograghy / 中国实用内科杂志

Objective\ To evaluate the importance of coronary arteriography with acute coronary syndromes (ACS).Methods\ The clinical data of 271 ACS patients with coronary arteriography and electrocardiogram were compared.Results\ The incidence of normal coronary arteriography with ACS patients occurred in 21 03%,220 of 271 patients had ischemic ST-T change or abnornal Q wave (81 1%).The change of anterior wall was system frequently accompanied by LAD or three branch lesions,inferior wall and inferior wall system frequently accompanied by RCA,Lcx and RCA or three branch lesions,anterior wall and inferior wall system freguently by LAD and RCA or three branch lesions,respectively.The lesions were more than one branch and severe in patients with unstable angina.Q-wave myocardal infarction usually occurred in single branch and severe lesione,non-Q wave myocardial infarction usually occurred in other branches and severe lesion.Conclusion\ Patients with ACS should be performed coronary arteriography,it is very significant in correct diagnosis of coronary heart disease,fixed position and severe degree of lesion vessel.

CT diagnosis of high altitude pulmonary edema / 中华放射学杂志

Objective To explore the value of CT diagnosis of high altitude pulmonary edema (HAPE). Methods The CT findings in 16 patients unfit to high altitude were analyzed. Results The findings on CT were as follows: (1) The early stage of HAPE showed ground glass opacity, most of which located at the superior segment and posterior basis segment of inferior lobes, with the right lung to occur earlier than that of the left lung. (2)The advanced stage showed shaggy opacity. (3) The late stage lesions developed to posterior and apical segment of the superior lobes, air bronchus sign could be seen on involved segments. (4)Right lung was more serious than left lung. Conclusion CT was an ideal method to find HAPE. The accuracy of CT diagnosis in HAPE was 100%.

Effect of Huangqi Injection in Treating Angina Pectoris Caused by Coronary Artery Ectasia / 广州中医药大学学报

To explore the effects of Huangqi injection in treating angina pectoris(AP) caused by coronary artery ectasia.Twelve cases of AP caused by coronary artery ectasia received a seven day treatment of aspirin and dilthiazem(Regimen 1)and then were treated with Huangqi injection additionally(Regimen 2)for another seven days.The frequency of attack and duration of AP and electrocardiogram(ECG) were examined before and after treatment.The frequency of attack and duration of AP and ECG were decreased after Regimen 1(P

Determination of Phenacetin and Paracetamol in Rat Liver Microsomal Incubation System with HPLC/MS/MS / 中国药房

OBJECTIVE: To develop a method of HPLC/MS/MS to determine phenacetin and paracetamol in rat liver microsomal incubation system. METHODS: Samples were separated on XTerra MS C18 column, different ratios of methanol- 0.1% formic acid were used as the gradient eluent, and the flow rate was 0.2mL?min-1. The electrospray ion-quadrupole mass spectrometry and multiple reaction monitor were adopted to detect the concentration of phenacetin and paracetamol. RESULTS: The calibration curves were linear in the ranges of 45～9 000ng?mL-1(r=0.999 8)and 15.2～1 520ng?mL-1(r=0.999 6) for phenacetin and paracetamol respectively; The lowest limits of assay were 9ng?mL-1 and 10ng?mL-1.The average recoveries at three concentrations of phenacetin were (96.2?2.3)%～(98.3?2.4)% and those of paracetamol were (99.6?2.1)%～(100.2?2.6)%; RSD of the intra-day and inter-day were less than 5%. CONCLUSION: The method is rapid, sensitive and suitable for determination of phenacetin and paracetamol in rat liver microsomal incubation system.

Diagnostic Value of Combination of Exercise Electrocardiography Test and Electron Beam Computed Tomography in Coronary Artery Disease / 中国医师杂志

Objective To investigate the diagnostic value of the combination of exercise electrocardiography test(EET) and coronary artery calcification(CAC) determined by electron beam computed tomography(EBCT) in coronary artery disease.Methods One hundred and thirty-five patients underwent coronary angiography,EET and EBCT.The value of calcium score(CS) and EET in diagnosing coronary artery disease were separately and unitedly evaluated.Results According to calcification score cut points by age and gender,the sensitivity,specificity,positive and negative predictive value of CAC for diagnosing coronary artery disease were 77%,81%,74% and 83%,respectively.The corresponding parameters of EET were 73%,76%,68% and 80%.After combining CAC and EET,the sensitivity and negative predictive value of parallel test were 93% and 92%,and the specificity and positive predictive value were 96% and 91%,respectively.Conclusions Exercise electrocardiography test combined with coronary artery calcification determined by electron beam computed tomography can significantly improve their diagnostic value for coronary artery disease.

Relative Bioavailability of Ibuprofen Sustained Release Capsules in Healthy Volunteers / 中国药房

OBJECTIVE:To study the pharmacokinetics and relative bioavailability of ibuprofen sustained release capsules in healthy volunteers for evaluating the bioequi valency .METHODS: 20 healthy volunteers took a single dose(600mg) of ibuprofen sustained release capsules and fenbid capsules(as reference drug) alternatively, then the plasma concentrations of ibuprofen were determined by HPLC.The pharmacokinetic parameters were calculated with 3p87 pharmacokinetic program and the bioequivalence was calculated .RESULTS: The pharmacokinetic parameters of ibuprofen sustained release capsule and fenbid capsule wereT1/2= (2.88+ 0.25)h, (2.91 + 0.33)h;Cmax = (30.66+ 4.21)mg/L, (29.09+3.54)mg/L;Tmax = (4.4 + 0.52)h, (4.3+0.48)h;AUCo-1, = (174.26+13.95)mg/(h . L), (165.80+ 11.89)mg/(h ?L) ;C = (16.25+ 1.47)mg/L, (15.63+1.83) mg/L; Cmin= (1.36 + 0.56) mg/L, (1.24 + 0.46) mg/ L; FI = (1.83 + 0.07), (1.84 + 0.06) .The relative bioavailability of ibuprofen sustained release capsule was( 105.10 + 7.77) % .CONCLUSION: Ibuprofen sustained release capsule and fenbid (reference drug) were bioequivalent.

Complement activation in acute coronary syndromes / 中国病理生理杂志

AIM:To evaluate complement activation in patients with all forms of acute coronary syndromes(ACS)and to examine the relationship between the degree of complement activation and myocardial injury.METHODS:The subjects were divided into 2 groups:110 ACS patients(group ACS)and 18 healthy persons(group control).One hundred and ten patients with ACS were divided into 3 sub-group:51 patients with ST-segment elevated myocardial infarction(STEMI),28 patients with non-ST-segment elevated myocardial infarction(NSTEMI)and 31 patients with unstable angina(UA).Complement 3(C3),complement 4(C4),troponin T(TnT)as well as creatine kinase MB(CK-MB)were evaluated.RESULTS:Plasma C3 and C4 peak levels were significantly higher in patients with STEMI [(1 525?302)mg/L and(423?123)mg/L] and NSTEMI [(1 516?289)mg/L and(396?68)mg/L] than those in patients with UA [(1 275?172)mg/L and(356?91)mg/L] and the control subjects [(1 072?196)mg/L and(182?73)mg/L](P

Short-term effect of percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty on contractile function of hibernating myocardium / 中国介入心脏病学杂志

Objective To investigate the short-term effect of PTCA on contractile function of hibernating myocardium. Methods Fifty-three patients with coronary heart disease and segmental dysfunction underwent echocardiography and radionuclide imaging. Echocardiography was repeated one week after PTCA. Results (1) Recovery of contractile function occurred in 87 revascularized segments with dysfunction (87/167, 52.1%) compared with only 2 nonrevascularized segments (2/59, 3.4%) (P

Relationship between pregnancy-associated plasma protein A and myocardial perfusion in patients with acute coronary syndrome / 中国介入心脏病学杂志

Objective To investigate the relationship between the levels of circulating pregnancy-associated plasma protein A(PAPP-A,a novel marker of atherosclerotic plaque activity) and myocardial perfusion before or after percutaneous coronary intervention(PCI) in patients with non-ST elevation acute coronary syndrome(NSTEACS).Methods Forty-four patients with high-risk NSTEACS were examined for serum PAPP-A levels,cardiac troponin T and the brachial artery flow-mediated vasodilation(FMD) before PCI.The angiographic data was analyzed before and after PCI in terms of TIMI myocardial perfusion grade(TMPG) in the area of culprit vessels.Results Before PCI,twenty patients with TMPG 1-2 had higher PAPP-A levels(30.41?21.33 mIu/L vs.23.55?18.61 mIu/L,P=0.036) and lower FMD(2.95%?1.71% vs.3.54%?1.58%,P=0.027) companed with the patients with TMPG 2-3.After PCI,twelve patients with TMPG 1-2 had higher PAPP-A levels(35.64?20.58 mIu/L vs.21.87?19.30 mIu/L,P=0.009) and lower FMD(2.26%?1.83% vs.3.95%?1.43%,P=0.018) than those with TMPG 2-3.Conclusion The PAPP-A level and the degree of endothelial dysfunction play roles in myocardial perfusion in patients with high-risk NSTEACS.

Pharmacokinetic study of ferulic acid in Ruxian Pill in rabbits in vivo / 中草药

Objective To study the pharmacokinetics of ferulic acid in rabbits in vivo after ig administering Ruxian Pill.Methods The concentrations of ferulic acid in plasma were determined by HPLC.Taking coumarin as internal standard,a mixture of methanol-acetic acid-water(38.0∶0.5∶61.5) was used as the mobile phase,and UV detection was performed at 320 nm.The analytical column was ODS Hypersil C_(18)(150 mm?4.6 mm,5 ?m).Results The calibration curve was linear over the range of 12.5—1 600.0 ?g/L and the measurable limit of plasma detection was 6.25 ?g/L.The recovery was 96.17%,99.80%,100.23%. The RSD of the intra-day and the inter-days was less than 6%.The plasma concentration-time curve was consistent with one-comparment model.The pharmacokinetic parameters were as follows: AUC_(0-4 h)(855.29?100.78) ?g/(L?h),AUC_(0-∞)(1 051.99?125.96) ?g/(L?h),C_(max)=(952.71?119.04) ?g/(L?h),t_(max)=(0.5?0.00) h,t_(1/2)=(1.61?0.21) h,K_e=(0.46?0.05)/h. Conclusion The method is accurate and precise with better reproducibility,which can be used for the determination of plasma level of ferulic acid and the study of its pharmacokinetics for Ruxian Pill.

Analysis of Taxus cuspidata twigs and leaves by HPLC-FPS / 中草药

Objective To study the HPLC fingerprints (HPLC-FPS) Taxus cuspidatea twigs and leaves (TCTL) for reflecting the internl chemical information and evaluating its internal quality of TCTL. Methods HPLC was used to analyze the alcohol extracts of TCTL. Results The fingerprint of TCTL was established. HPLC-FPS of ten batches of T. cuspidata samples collected at different time were analysed and extablished. The correlation technicl parameters of T. cuspidata were obtained, i.e. the main common peak with relative retention time and relative peak area. Conclusion The fingerprint can be used to evaluate the quality of TCTL.