Coronary microcirculation and short-term prognosis in patients with type 2 diabetes and poor glucose controls who underwent elective percutaneous coronary intervention for acute myocardial infarction / 中国介入心脏病学杂志

Objective To evaluate the status of microcirculation and to compare the short-term prognosis after elective PCI for AMI between patients with poorly controlled type2 diabetes and patients without type 2 diabetes. Methods According to the clinical history and HbA1c values,all patients were divided into 2 groups:diabetic group (group A,n=24) and non-diabetic group (group B,n=32).Basic clinical data, left ventricular end diastolic diameter (LVEDD) and left ventricular shot ejection fraction (LVEF)immediately and 3 months after operation measured by echocardiography and the result of coronary angiography were compared between the two groups. The rate of MACE 3 months after PCI was also compared. A pressure-temperature sensor wire was used to measure the index of microcirculation resistance(IMR)immediately after PCI. Results 1.The mean IMR value in group A was higher than group B(29.12±7.45)vs.(22.74±6.87);P=0.011.The HbA1c levels has positive correlation with the IMR value(r=0.324;P=0.048). 2. The mean LVEDD and the mean LVEF Rad no signifi cant diff erence between two groups before PCI. The mean LVEDD of group A at 3 months after PCI was significantly larger than group B(52.3±4.8)mm vs.(48.6±5.1)mm,P=0.019,the mean LVEF of group A 3 months post PCI was lower than that of group B(48.6±7.3)% vs.(56.1±4.7)%,P=0.003.The mean increase in LVEDD at 3 months after PCI in group A was higher than group B(4.1±6.3)mm vs.(0.8±4.4)mm, p=0.005 and the mean increase in LVEF in group A was significantly lower than in group B(–1.9±6.8)% vs. (4.3±5.4)%,P=0.007. 3. HbA1chad positive correlation with LVEDD(r=0.324,p=0.048)and its increase at 3 months postoperatively(r=–0.422,P=0.005).4. Risk estimation found type 2 diabetes was an independent risk factor for poor recovery of LVEF. The MACE rate was signifi cantly higher in Group A than in Group B(35.7% vs.9.4%,P=0.018).Conclusions Patients with type2 diabetes were more prone to suffer from coronary microcirculatory dysfunction and had poor recovery of cardiac function. Poorly controlled type 2 diabetes was an independent risk factor for poor recovery of cardiac function and short-term prognosis was worse in diabetic patients who had elective PCI.

Interrelation between the hypothalamic arcuate nucleus and the bone variation of osteoporosis in rats / 生理学报

This study investigated the interrelation between the hypothalamic arcuate nucleus (ARC) and the bone variation of osteoporosis in rats. Four animal models of ovariectomy-induced osteoporosis (OVX), glucocorticoid-induced osteoporosis (GIOP), retinoic acid-induced osteoporosis (RAOP) and senile osteoporosis (SOP) were used to study the influence of osteoporosis on ARC. Ovariectomized rats were further treated with thymopeptide, ciclosporin and exercise respectively to detect the changes of ARC nerve cells number. The results showed that: (1) The OVX, GIOP, RAOP and SOP models were successfully established, showing osteoporosis as well as decrease of the number of ARC nerve cells; (2) Thymopeptide and exercise respectively alleviated the bone loss induced by ovariectomy, accompanied by increase of the number of ARC nerve cells, while ciclosporin further increased the bone loss of ovariectomized rats, accompanied by further decrease of the number of ARC nerve cells. These results suggest that there is a close interrelationship between ARC and osteoporosis in rat. There is a hypothalamus-pituitary-bone (HPB) axis, and HPB axis regulates the mechanism of osteoporosis in rats.

Relationship between nitric oxide release from pig iliac endothelial cells caused by Exendin-4 and change in intracellular calcium / 解放军医学杂志

Objective To study the effects of Exendin-4 (Ex-4) on the function of endothelial cells by investigating the relationship of Ex-4 induced nitric oxide (NO) release from pig iliac endothelial cells (PIEC) and changes in intracellular calcium. Methods Glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor (GLP-1R) was confirmed to be present in PIEC by immunofluorescence assay. Intracellular NO production was probed using DAF-FM DA, and then measured with fluorescence microplate reader at the timepoints of 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11 and 12h. The intracellular Ca2+ concentration was probed with Fura-2 AM at 0-30min, 4-4.5h and 8-8.5h and measured with fluorescence microplate reader. The relationship between Ex-4 induced NO release in PIEC and intracellular Ca2+ concentration was evaluated. Results GLP-1R was expressed in PIEC. Ex-4 increased the intracellular NO level in PIEC in a time-dependent manner. NO level was significantly higher 4 hours after Ex-4 treatment compared with that of 0-hour group (P<0.05). The intracellular NO level reached the top value 8 hours after Ex-4 treatment (P<0.05). The intracellular Ca2+ concentrations were significantly higher during the periods of 0-30min, 4-4.5h and 8-8.5h after Ex-4 treatment than those of their control groups (2.042±2.115 vs 0.634±0.352, P<0.01; 0.413±0.154 vs 0.113±0.111, P<0.01; 0.309±0.133 vs 0.063±0.120, P<0.01). During the period of 0-30min after Ex-4 treatment, the intracellular Ca2+ concentration increased gradually (fitted curve: y=0.106x+1.326); while during the periods of 4-4.5h (y=0.003x+0.374) and 8-8.5h (y=-0.001x+0.324) after Ex-4 treatment, the intracellular Ca2+ concentrations, and the NO levels were higher than those of their control groups, but without significant variation. Conclusions Ex-4 may increase the NO release in endothelial cells, and intracellular calcium ions may participate in the process.

Relationship between nitric oxide release from pig iliac endothelial cells caused by Exendin-4 and change in intracellular calcium / 解放军医学杂志

Objective To study the effects of Exendin-4 (Ex-4) on the function of endothelial cells by investigating the relationship of Ex-4 induced nitric oxide (NO) release from pig iliac endothelial cells (PIEC) and changes in intracellular calcium. Methods Glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor (GLP-1R) was confirmed to be present in PIEC by immunofluorescence assay. Intracellular NO production was probed using DAF-FM DA, and then measured with fluorescence microplate reader at the timepoints of 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11 and 12h. The intracellular Ca2+ concentration was probed with Fura-2 AM at 0-30min, 4-4.5h and 8-8.5h and measured with fluorescence microplate reader. The relationship between Ex-4 induced NO release in PIEC and intracellular Ca2+ concentration was evaluated. Results GLP-1R was expressed in PIEC. Ex-4 increased the intracellular NO level in PIEC in a time-dependent manner. NO level was significantly higher 4 hours after Ex-4 treatment compared with that of 0-hour group (P<0.05). The intracellular NO level reached the top value 8 hours after Ex-4 treatment (P<0.05). The intracellular Ca2+ concentrations were significantly higher during the periods of 0-30min, 4-4.5h and 8-8.5h after Ex-4 treatment than those of their control groups (2.042±2.115 vs 0.634±0.352, P<0.01; 0.413±0.154 vs 0.113±0.111, P<0.01; 0.309±0.133 vs 0.063±0.120, P<0.01). During the period of 0-30min after Ex-4 treatment, the intracellular Ca2+ concentration increased gradually (fitted curve: y=0.106x+1.326); while during the periods of 4-4.5h (y=0.003x+0.374) and 8-8.5h (y=-0.001x+0.324) after Ex-4 treatment, the intracellular Ca2+ concentrations, and the NO levels were higher than those of their control groups, but without significant variation. Conclusions Ex-4 may increase the NO release in endothelial cells, and intracellular calcium ions may participate in the process.

Mechanism of the influence of CCE3 on bone mineral element metabolism in ovariectomized rats / 中国应用生理学杂志

<p><b>AIM</b>To investigate the influence of CCE3 on bone mineral element metabolism and relative hormone in ovariectomized rats.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>24 female SD rats were divided randomly into 4 groups (n = 6): (1) Normal control; (2) sham ovariectomy; (3) ovariectomy(OVX); (4) OVX + CCE3.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>(1) Ca, Mg, S, Co, Mn, Zn reduced obviously and P increased in the bone of the OVX rats. (2) E2, P, TSH, T4, CT, cortisol, GH reduced obviously and IL-6, FSH, LH increased obviously in serum of the OVX rats. (3) CCE3 corrected the changes of Ca, Mg, S, Co, Mn, Zn and P in bone as well as the changes of E2, P, TSH, T4, CT, cortisol, GH and IL-6, FSH, LH in serum of the OVX rats.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Changes of relative hormone and IL-6 induced by CCE3 are the important mechanism of the influence of CCE3 on bone mineral element metabolism in ovariectomized rats.</p>

Relationship between abdominal obesity and left ventricular weight/function / 中华心血管病杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To observe the relationship between abdominal obesity and left ventricular weight/function.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>A total of 495 patients [265 males, mean age (55 +/- 12) years] with hypertension (139), diabetes (65), metabolic syndrome (285), diabetes complicated with hypertension (11) were enrolled in this study. Visceral adipose area (VA), the subcutaneous adipose (SA), the total abdominal adipose (TA) were measured by computerized tomography (CT) and left ventricular weight and function were obtained by echocardiography. Patients were divided into three groups according to the VA (I. VA<75 cm(2), n=173, II. VA>75 and < 110 cm(2), n=153, III. VA >or= 110 cm(2), n=169).</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Left ventricular mass (LVM) and LVM index (LVMI) increased and LVEF and E/A decreased in proportion to increasing VA. Left ventricular hypertrophy (LVH) rate was significantly higher in group II and III compared to group I and LVEF was significantly reduced in group III compared to group I and II. There are significant correlation between LVMI and VA, SA, TA as well as between LVEF and VA after adjusting gender, age and blood pressure. Logistic regression analysis showed that VA is an independent predictor for LVH.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>The abdominal adipose accumulation is closely related to the left ventricular weight and function.</p>

Effect of exercise on bone mineral element metabolism and relative hormones in ovariectomized rats / 中国应用生理学杂志

<p><b>AIM</b>To investigate the effect of exercise on bone mineral element metabolism and relative hormones in ovariectomized rats.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>24 female SD rats were divided randomly into 4 groups: (1) normal control, (2) sham ovariectomy, (3) ovariectomy (OVX), (4) OVX + exercise.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>(1) Ca, Mg, S,Co,Mn, Zn reduced obviously and P increases in bone of the OVX rats. (2) E2, P, TSH, T4, CT, Cortisol, GH reduced obviously and IL-6, FSH, LH increased obviously in serum of the OVX rats. (3) Exercised opposed the changes of Ca, Mg, S, Co, Mn, Zn and P in bone as well as the changes of E2, P, TSH, T4, CT, Cortisol, GH and IL-6, FSH, LH in serum of the OVX rats.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Exercise may correct the changes of bone mineral element and the relative hormones in ovariectomized rats.</p>

The effect of hypothalamic arcuate nucleus damaged by monosodium glutamate on skeleton in rat / 中国应用生理学杂志

<p><b>AIM</b>To explore the effect of hypothalamic arcuate nucleus (ARC) on the skeleton in rat.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Newborn SD rats were injected by 10% MSG 4 g/kg hypodermically once every other day until the 10th day postnatally, meanwhile, the newborn rats in control group were given by equal volume of normal saline. After surviving for 200 days, 6 female rats in each group were killed and their hypothalami were made into sections (4 microm) and stained with HE. The length, diameter, weight and volume of the femora, the tibia, the humeri, the radii and the ulnae were measured.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The number of the hypothalamic arcuate nucleus nervous cell were obviously less than those in control group as well as the length, diameter, weight, volume but the weight/volume (g/cm3) of the femora, the tibia, the humeri, the radii and the ulnae decreased significantly as compared with the control group. Levels of serum GH E2 in rats of MSG group were obviously lower than that in control group.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>The hypothalamic arcuate nucleus participated in the regulation of the growth and development of skeleton in rats.</p>