Abnormal Circadian Clock Ｐromotes AOM / DSS-induced Colon Carcinogenesis in Mice by Remodeling Tumor Metabolism / 中国生物化学与分子生物学报

Abnormal circadian clock has been identified as an independent risk factor for tumorigenesis, and is closely related to the occurrence and development of tumor. As metabolic disorder is also one of the important characteristics of tumorigenesis, therefore it is particularly important to investigate the regulatory relationship between biological clock and tumor metabolism. In this study, the effect of abnormal circadian clock on colon cancer growth was evaluated by azoxymethane (AOM) / dextran sodium sulfate (DSS) -induced colitis-associated carcinogenesis (CAC) mice model. The result showed that abnormal circadian clock aggravated anal swelling, redness, bloody and anorectal prolapse in CAC mice, and significantly increased the number and volume of CAC polyps (P <0. 05 or P <0. 01), and reduced the intestinal length, body weight, survival rate of CAC mice and the expression levels of inflammatory factors IL-1β (interleukin-1 beta) and TNFα (tumor necrosis factor α) (P < 0. 05 or P < 0. 01), indicating that abnormal biological clock promotes the occurrence and development of CAC. Further, non-target metabonomics analysis of serum samples from mice was performed by liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS) . The result showed that compared with CAC mice with normal circadian rhythm, 27 differential metabolites were identified in CAC mice with disrupted circadian clock, and 9 metabolic pathways were enriched by KEGG (kyoto encyclopedia of genes and genomes) database. These results suggest that abnormal circadian clock can significantly change the relative abundance of some metabolites in serum samples from CAC mice, remodel tumor metabolism, and result in the development of CAC in mice. This study reveals the pivotal role of tumor metabolism in the abnormal circadian clock promoting the growth of CAC in mice, providing a new experimental basis for the interaction between circadian clock and metabolic homeostasis in the occurrence and development of colon cancer.

Application of Blink Reflex and Brainstem Auditory Evoked Potential in Brain Stem Function Evaluation of Patients with Consciousness Disorder / 中国康复理论与实践

@#Objective To explore the characteristics of blink reflex (BR) and brainstem auditory evoked potential (BAEP) in patients with consciousness disorder and the role of BR and BAEP in the evaluation of brain stem function. Methods From January to December, 2015, 31 patients with consciousness disorder were examined with BAEP, BR and Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS), and the outcome was record-ed one month after examination. Results BAEP and BR were positively related with GCS score (r≥0.562, P<0.05) and outcome (χ2=9.644, P<0.01). Conclusion Both BR and BAEP can reflect the brain stem function and respective pathway. Their combination could provide ob-jective basis for prognosis evaluation.

Application of Blink Reflex and Brainstem Auditory Evoked Potential in Brain Stem Function Evaluation of Patients with Consciousness Disorder / 中国康复理论与实践

@#Objective To explore the characteristics of blink reflex (BR) and brainstem auditory evoked potential (BAEP) in patients with consciousness disorder and the role of BR and BAEP in the evaluation of brain stem function. Methods From January to December, 2015, 31 patients with consciousness disorder were examined with BAEP, BR and Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS), and the outcome was record-ed one month after examination. Results BAEP and BR were positively related with GCS score (r≥0.562, P<0.05) and outcome (χ2=9.644, P<0.01). Conclusion Both BR and BAEP can reflect the brain stem function and respective pathway. Their combination could provide ob-jective basis for prognosis evaluation.

MG-132 enhances MSCs survival and IL-10 secretion under hypoxia and serum deprivation condition / 生理学报

Bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) have emerged as attractive candidates for cellular therapies for heart and other organ-system disorders. However, a major dilemma in stem cell therapy for ischemic heart diseases is the low survival of transplanted cells in the ischemic and peri-infarcted region. In this study, MSCs were treated by hypoxia and serum deprivation (H/SD) to mimic the ischemic microenvironment of infarcted hearts where MSCs were transplanted. The effects of proteasome inhibitor MG-132 on H/SD-induced apoptosis and paracrine effects were investigated. Apoptosis of MSCs was detected by Annexin V-FITC flow cytometric analysis. Transcriptional levels of IL-1β, TNF-α and IL-10 were examined by real-time PCR. The nuclear translocation of NF-κBp65 was assessed by immunocytochemical staining. Translational changes of IL-1β and TNF-α were detected by Western blot. The secretion of IL-10 from MSCs was examined by ELISA assay. The results showed that MG-132 could effectively suppress H/SD-induced MSCs apoptosis. Furthermore, the induced IL-1β and TNF-α transcription was also inhibited by MG-132 treatment, which may be due to the inhibition of NF-κBp65 nuclear translocation by MG-132. Importantly, MG-132 effectively enhanced H/SD-induced transcription and secretion of IL-10, which is an important paracrine factor from MSCs. Our findings suggest that pretreatment of MSCs by MG-132 before cell transplantation may be an effective strategy to improve cell survival and enhance paracrine effects of MSCs.

Function and biological activities of the autotaxin-LPA axis / 生理学报

Autotaxin (ATX), a member of nucleotide pyrophosphatase/phosphodiesterase (NPP) family, is also named as phosphodiesterase Iα (PD-Iα) or NPP2. ATX is the unique member among the NPPs that can function as a lysophospholipase D (lysoPLD), converting lysophosphatidylcholine into lysophosphatidic acid (LPA). LPA acts on specific G-protein-coupled receptors to elicit a wide range of cellular response, including cell proliferation, cell migration and cell contraction, etc. As the major LPA-producing phospholipase, many ATX's features and functions are dependent on the production of LPA. ATX and LPA together form the ATX-LPA functional axis. The present review summarizes the current progress in function and biological activities of ATX-LPA axis.