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1.
Rev. argent. cir ; 116(3): 182-192, ago. 2024. graf
Artigo em Espanhol | LILACS-Express | LILACS | ID: biblio-1575953

RESUMO

RESUMEN Antecedentes: Las hernias de línea media asociadas a diástasis de los músculos rectos anteriores (DRA) son frecuentes y se ha propuesto el tratamiento de ambas patologías simultáneamente para reducir la recurrencia. Las técnicas mínimamente invasivas permiten el tratamiento adecuado con reducción de complicaciones asociadas a la herida quirúrgica; sin embargo, aún no hay consenso acerca de cuál es la mejor técnica. Objetivo: Evaluar los resultados posoperatorios a corto y mediano plazo de una serie de pacientes con defectos de línea media y DRA tratados con la técnica Trans-umbilical Endoscopic Sublay Repair (TESuR). Material y método: Se realizó un estudio observacional descriptivo retrospectivo de pacientes a quienes se les aplicó técnica TESuR entre diciembre de 2020 y marzo de 2023, con un seguimiento posoperatorio mínimo de 6 meses. Se analizaron variables demográficas y perioperatorias. Resultados: En el período de estudio se realizaron 24 reparaciones. Todos los pacientes fueron varones. La edad promedio fue de 57 años (rango 41-81) y el índice de masa corporal (IMC) de 28,9 (21,7- 36,1) kg/m². El área del defecto fue de 8,8 (4-25) cm2, con una DRA de 5,1 (3-9) cm. La tasa de complicaciones a 30 días posoperatorios alcanzó el 17% (4/24); todas fueron Clavien-Dindo I. Con un promedio de seguimiento de 18,6 meses (rango 6-25) no se detectaron recidivas herniarias, aunque dos pacientes (8%) presentaron recidiva de la DRA. Conclusiones: La técnica TESuR presentó una baja morbilidad sin recidivas, por lo que la consideramos una alternativa segura y eficaz para el tratamiento de la DRA asociada a defectos de la línea media.


ABSTRACT Background: Midline hernias associated with diastasis recti abdominis (DRA) are common. Simultaneous treatment of both conditions has been recommended to reduce recurrence. Minimally invasive techniques allow adequate treatment while reducing surgical site complications. However, there is still no consensus regarding the optimal technique. Objective: The aim of this study was to evaluate the short and mid-term outcomes of Trans-umbilical Endoscopic Sublay Repair (TESuR) in patients with midline defects and DRA. Material and methods: We conducted a retrospective descriptive observational study of patients undergoing TESuR between December 2020 and May 2023, with a minimum postoperative follow-up of 6 months. The demographic and perioperative variables were analyzed. Results: A total of 24 procedures were performed during the study period. All the patients were men. Mean age was 57 years (range 41-81) and body mass index (BMI) was 28.9 (21.7- 36.1) kg/m². Mean size of the defect was 8.8 cm2 (4-25) with a mean diastasis width of 5 cm (3-9). The rate of complications at 30 days was 17% (4/24) and were all are grade 1 of the Clavien-Dindo classification. After a mean follow-up of 18.6 months (range 6-25), there were no hernia recurrences, although 2 patients (8%) had a recurrence of DRA. Conclusions: TESuR showed low morbidity rate and absence of recurrences, constituting a safe and effective option for the management of DRA associated with midline defects.

2.
Rev. Fac. Med. Hum ; 24(2): 55-62, abr.-jun. 2024. tab
Artigo em Espanhol | LILACS-Express | LILACS | ID: biblio-1569511

RESUMO

RESUMEN Introducción: La diabetes mellitus representa un desafío significativo para la salud pública; las crisis hiperglucémicas son complicaciones serias que pueden resultar en morbilidad o muerte. Objetivo: Establecer factores asociados a las crisis hiperglucémicas (CH) en adultos diabéticos atendidos en un hospital de Lima. Métodos: Se realizó un estudio observacional, retrospectivo y analítico de casos y controles en un Hospital General de Lima entre 2015 y 2019. Se seleccionaron 186 historias clínicas (62 casos y 124 controles) mediante muestreo aleatorio simple. El desenlace fueron las CH, definidas como cetoacidosis diabética, el estado hiperosmolar hiperglucémico y el estado mixto. Las variables incluyeron edad, sexo, zona de residencia, seguro de salud, tiempo de enfermedad, comorbilidades, infecciones agudas y adherencia a la medicación. Los datos se analizaron con pruebas de Chi Cuadrado y la prueba exacta de Fisher, calculando Odds Ratios crudos (ORc) y ajustados (ORa). Resultados: En el análisis bivariado los factores que se asociaron con las CH fueron; el sexo (p=0,029), edad (p<0,001), tiempo de enfermedad (p=0,001) y adherencia a la medicación (p<0,001). No se halló relación con las variables residencia, seguro de salud, procesos infecciosos agudos y comorbilidades (p>0,05). En el análisis multivariado los factores asociados a las CH fueron la edad (ORa: 2,85; IC95%: 1,41-5,79; p=0,004) y la no adherencia a la medicación (ORa: 3,87; IC95%: 1,84-8,18; p<0,001). Conclusión: Los factores asociados a las CH son la edad y la no adherencia a la medicación.


ABSTRACT Introduction: Diabetes mellitus represents a significant public health challenge; hyperglycemic crises are serious complications that can result in morbidity or death. Objective: To establish factors associated with hyperglycemic crises (HC) in diabetic adults attended in a hospital in Lima. Methods: An observational, retrospective, and analytical case-control study was conducted in a General Hospital in Lima between 2015 and 2019. A total of 186 medical records (62 cases and 124 controls) were selected through simple random sampling. The outcome was HC, defined as diabetic ketoacidosis, hyperosmolar hyperglycemic state, and mixed state. The variables included age, sex, area of residence, health insurance, duration of disease, comorbidities, acute infections, and medication adherence. Data were analyzed using Chi-Square tests and Fisher's exact test, calculating crude (cOR) and adjusted (aOR) Odds Ratios. Results: In the bivariate analysis, factors associated with HC were sex (p=0.029), age (p<0.001), duration of disease (p=0.001), and medication adherence (p<0.001). No relationship was found with variables such as residence, health insurance, acute infectious processes, and comorbidities (p>0.05). In the multivariate analysis, factors associated with HC were age (aOR: 2.85; 95% CI: 1.41-5.79; p=0.004) and non-adherence to medication (aOR: 3.87; 95% CI: 1.84-8.18; p<0.001). Conclusion: Factors associated with HC are age and non-adherence to medication.

3.
Rev. Fac. Med. Hum ; 24(2): 139-155, abr.-jun. 2024. tab, graf
Artigo em Espanhol | LILACS-Express | LILACS | ID: biblio-1569521

RESUMO

RESUMEN El artículo de revisión destaca la importancia de la planta del pie en la deambulación y su adaptación a las necesidades humanas. Se enfoca en el pie diabético (PD), definido por signos, síntomas o úlceras en el pie debido a complicaciones crónicas de la diabetes. El PD afecta a alrededor del 25% de los pacientes con diabetes mellitus (DM), con úlceras que pueden derivar en infecciones graves y riesgo de amputación. El manejo del PD es complejo y requiere un enfoque multidisciplinar. Este artículo propone un "Sistema de Evaluación y Tratamiento del Pie Diabético", aplicable en diversos entornos clínicos, que clasifica las úlceras según su profundidad e infección y ofrece guías claras para su tratamiento. Se discuten también la epidemiología de la neuropatía diabética (ND), destacando su alta prevalencia y morbilidad, y la necesidad de un diagnóstico y tratamiento adecuados. Se analiza en detalle la neuropatía de Charcot, una complicación severa del PD, incluyendo sus causas y métodos diagnósticos. Además, se enfatiza la importancia del enfoque multidisciplinar en el tratamiento de las úlceras del PD para reducir amputaciones y mejorar la calidad de vida de los pacientes. También se abordan las infecciones del PD y la antibioticoterapia, recomendando el uso de antibióticos adecuados según la gravedad de la infección y la realización de cultivos microbiológicos precisos. Finalmente, se presenta una visión global del manejo del PD, destacando la importancia de un enfoque multidisciplinar y proponiendo un sistema de evaluación y tratamiento eficaz que puede ser implementado en diversos contextos clínicos.


ABSTRACT The review article highlights the importance of the sole of the foot in ambulation and its adaptation to human needs. It focuses on diabetic foot (DF), defined by signs, symptoms, or ulcers on the foot due to chronic complications of diabetes. DF affects approximately 25 % of patients with diabetes mellitus (DM), with ulcers that can lead to severe infections and risk of amputation. Managing DF is complex and requires a multidisciplinary approach. This article proposes a "Diabetic Foot Evaluation and Treatment System," applicable in various clinical settings, which classifies ulcers according to their depth and infection and provides clear treatment guidelines. The epidemiology of diabetic neuropathy (DN) is also discussed, highlighting its high prevalence and morbidity, and the need for adequate diagnosis and treatment. The article provides a detailed analysis of Charcot neuropathy, a severe complication of DF, including its causes and diagnostic methods. Furthermore, the importance of a multidisciplinary approach in the treatment of DF ulcers is emphasized to reduce amputations and improve patients' quality of life. DF infections and antibiotic therapy are also addressed, recommending the use of appropriate antibiotics according to the severity of the infection and the performance of precise microbiological cultures. Finally, a comprehensive view of DF management is presented, highlighting the importance of a multidisciplinary approach and proposing an effective evaluation and treatment system that can be implemented in various clinical contexts.

4.
Cad. Ibero-Am. Direito Sanit. (Online) ; 13(1): 83-101, jan.-mar.2024.
Artigo em Português | LILACS | ID: biblio-1538387

RESUMO

Objetivo: analisar, sob um olhar bioético, a vulnerabilidade social referente à saúde durante o contexto da pandemia de COVID-19. Metodologia: foram incluídas publicações de 1º de janeiro a 31 de dezembro de 2020, revisadas por pares, identificadas nas bases de dados Pubmed, SciELO e LILACS. Foram utilizados para realizar a busca na base Pubmed o termo MESH "COVID-19" conjugado com os termos: "vulnerable population", "population groups", "social determinants of health", "health equity". Os descritores DECS equivalentes em português e em espanhol dos termos MESH foram utilizados na busca nas outras duas bases. Resultados: de um total de 132 artigos, após a aplicação dos critérios de inclusão e exclusão, foram identificados 21 artigos elegíveis. Os temas mais abordados na amostra foram: vulnerabilidades referentes a pessoas idosas, raça, minorias étnicas, condições socioeconômicas precárias, gênero feminino, pessoas com deficiência e condições crônicas de saúde. Observou-se artigos abordando mais de uma temática, integrando aspectos diversos de populações vulneráveis. Com base nos dados encontrados foram feitas análise e discussão com foco em vulnerabilidade como conceito bioético, além de conexões com discriminação e determinação social da saúde. Conclusão: os resultados apontam para a violação de direitos explicitados na Declaração Universal de Bioética e Direitos Humanos. Ao aumentar a disparidade da morbimortalidade por COVID-19 de grupos populacionais já impactados pela determinação social da saúde, constata-se uma violação do direito à saúde, indicando que governos e sociedades falham em respeitar a vulnerabilidade de grupos sociais no contexto pandêmico.


Objective: to analyze, from a bioethical perspective, social vulnerability in relation to health during the context of the COVID-19 pandemic. Methods: The study included peer-reviewed publications from January 1st until December 31st 2020, identified in Pubmed, SciELO and LILACS data basis. Mesh terms were utilized for research in Pubmed as follows: "COVID-19" conjugated with the terms: "vulnerable population", "population groups", "social determinants of health", "health equity". Portuguese and Spanish equivalents DECS terms were used for searching in the other two databases. Results: a total of 132 articles were found. After applied inclusion and exclusion criteria, were 21 eligible articles. The most recurrent themes were: racial, ethnic and social-economics, gender, age, disability and chronic health conditions. Articles addressing more than one theme were observed, integrating different aspects of vulnerable populations. A bioethical discussion with focus in vulnerability based in the data retrieved took place and connections with discrimination and social determinants of health were made. Conclusion: results point to the violation of rights explained in the Universal Declaration of Bioethics and Human Rights. By increasing the disparity in morbidity and mortality from COVID-19 of population groups already impacted by the social determination of health, there is a violation of the right to health, indicating that governments and societies fail to respect the vulnerability of social groups in the pandemic context.


Objetivo: analizar desde un punto de vista bioético, la vulnerabilidad social relacionada con la salud durante el contexto de la pandemia de la COVID-19. Metodología: se incluyeron publicaciones revisadas por pares del 1 de enero al 31 de diciembre de 2020, identificadas en las bases de datos Pubmed, SciELO y LILACS. Se utilizó el término MESH "COVID-19" para buscar en la base de datos Pubmed junto con los términos: "población vulnerable", "grupos de población", "determinantes sociales de la salud", "equidad en salud". Los descriptores DECS equivalentes en portugués y español de los términos MESH fueron utilizados en la búsqueda en las otras bases.Resultados: de un total de 132 artículos, tras aplicar los criterios de inclusión y exclusión, se identificaron 21 artículos. Los temas más discutidos fueron: vulnerabilidades relacionadas con los adultos mayores, raza (énfasis en personas negras), minorías étnicas, condiciones socioeconómicas precarias, género femenino, personas con discapacidad y condiciones crónicas de salud. Se observaron artículos que abordaban más de un tema, integrando diferentes aspectos de las poblaciones vulnerables. A partir de los datos encontrados, se realizó análisis y discusión con foco en la vulnerabilidad como concepto bioético, así como las conexiones con la discriminación y la determinación social de la salud. Conclusión: los resultados apuntan a la violación de los derechos explícitos en la Declaración Universal de Bioética y Derechos Humanos. Al aumentar la disparidad en la morbimortalidad por COVID-19 de grupos poblacionales ya impactados por la determinación social de la salud, se vulnera el derecho a la salud, indicando que los gobiernos y las sociedades no respetan la vulnerabilidad de los grupos sociales ante la pandemia.


Assuntos
Direito Sanitário
5.
Rev. chil. infectol ; Rev. chil. infectol;41(1): 7-19, feb. 2024. ilus, tab
Artigo em Espanhol | LILACS | ID: biblio-1559661

RESUMO

Introducción: El síndrome respiratorio agudo severo coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), de alta morbimortalidad, carece a la fecha de preparar esta revisión, de una terapia específica altamente eficaz. Famotidina se ha postulado como una opción terapéutica viable, basado en trabajos de cohorte retrospectiva y modelos computacionales guiados por inteligencia artificial. Objetivo: Recopilar la mejor evidencia científica disponible para determinar la efectividad y eficacia de famotidina en el tratamiento de pacientes hospitalizados con COVID-19, para reducir el riesgo de progresión de la enfermedad, intubación, muerte y tiempo de estancia hospitalaria. Material y Métodos: Se realizó una búsqueda en PubMed, EBSCO, Scopus, Web of Science y Cochrane Central, de artículos originales que reporten las variables de interés asociadas al uso de famotidina en pacientes hospitalizados con COVID- 19. Los investigadores independientemente evaluaron y seleccionaron los estudios, se extrajeron los datos expuestos para las asociaciones de interés y se procesaron con el software Revman 5.3. Resultados: En la búsqueda se obtuvo un total de 126 artículos potenciales para la revisión, de los cuales 14 fueron seleccionados para el análisis. En el metaanálisis se incluyeron un total de 47.044 pacientes, de los cuales 6.647 fueron los usuarios de famotidina. El riesgo de intubación se vio reducido en el grupo no expuesto a famotidina, aunque sin significancia estadística, (RR 1,43 IC95% 0,42-4,83), en cuanto a la mortalidad no se evidenció reducción significativa en el grupo de famotidina (RR 0,95 IC 95% 0,70-1,29). Se observó reducción en el tiempo de estancia hospitalaria (DM -1,60 -2,89, -0,31) y finalmente se mostró que no hay presencia de asociación entre el uso de famotidina y el desenlace compuesto de reducción del riesgo de ingreso a UCI, intubación y muerte (RR 1,03 IC 95% 0,46-2,34). Conclusión: Famotidina no presenta efectividad ni eficacia en la reducción de riesgo de intubación o ingreso a UCI ni de mortalidad en pacientes hospitalizados por COVID-19. La eficacia en la reducción de la estancia hospitalaria no es consistente y se necesitan más ensayos clínicos con buena calidad metodológica para definirla.


Background: Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), with high morbidity and mortality, lacks, at the time of preparing this review, a highly effective specific therapy. Famotidine has been postulated as a viable therapeutic option, based on retrospective cohort investigations and computational models guided by artificial intelligence. Aim: The objective of this study was to compile the best scientific evidence available to determine the effectiveness and efficacy of famotidine in the treatment of hospitalized patients with COVID-19, to reduce the risk of disease progression, intubation, death, and time to hospital stay. Methods: A search was carried out in PubMed, EBSCO, Scopus, Web of Science, and Central Cochrane, for original articles that report the variables of interest associated with the use of famotidine in hospitalized patients with COVID-19. The investigators independently evaluated and selected the studies, the exposed data for the associations of interest were extracted and processed with Revman 5.3 software. Results: The search yielded a total of 126 potential articles for the review, of which 14 were selected for analysis. A total of 47,044 patients were included in the meta-analysis of which 6,647 were famotidine users. The risk of intubation was reduced in the group not exposed to famotidine, although without statistical significance (RR 1.43 IC95% 0.42 - 4.83), regarding mortality there was no significant reduction in the famotidine group (RR 0.95 IC 95 % 0.70-1.29). A reduction in the length of hospital stay was observed (MD -1.60 -2.89, -0.31) and finally it was shown that there is no association between the use of famotidine and the composite outcome of reduced risk of ICU admission, intubation and death. (RR 1.03 95% CI 0.46-2.34). Conclusion: Famotidine does not show effectiveness or efficacy in reducing the risk of intubation or ICU admission or mortality in patients hospitalized for COVID-19. The efficacy in reducing hospital stay is not consistent and more clinical trials with good methodological quality are needed to define it.


Assuntos
Humanos , Famotidina/uso terapêutico , SARS-CoV-2 , Tratamento Farmacológico da COVID-19 , Risco , COVID-19/mortalidade , Antagonistas dos Receptores H2 da Histamina/uso terapêutico , Hospitalização , Intubação Intratraqueal
6.
Rev. Fac. Med. Hum ; 24(1): 42-50, ene.-mar. 2024. tab, graf
Artigo em Espanhol | LILACS-Express | LILACS | ID: biblio-1565131

RESUMO

RESUMEN Introducción: Las reacciones adversas a medicamentos (RAM) son manifestaciones clínicas o de laboratorio no deseadas que se relacionan con el consumo de medicamentos. Las RAM se asocian con un riesgo significativo de morbimortalidad e ingresos hospitalarios. Los antipsicóticos poseen una reducida ventana terapéutica y se han relacionado con la manifestación de una diversidad de RAM. Objetivo: Evaluar el patrón de las RAM debido a fármacos antipsicóticos, detectadas en pacientes atendidos en el Instituto Nacional de Psiquiatría Ramón de la Fuente Muñiz entre diciembre de 2021 y mayo de 2022. Métodos: Estudio observacional, descriptivo, prospectivo y transversal de una serie de casos. La gravedad, la severidad y la calidad de la información de la notificación de las RAM se definieron conforme a la NOM-220-SSA1-2016, instalación y operación de la farmacovigilancia, mientras que la causalidad se determinó mediante el algoritmo de Naranjo. Resultados: La incidencia de las RAM fue del 59% y se detectó una o más RAM en 52 de los 88 pacientes que estaban en tratamiento antipsicótico durante el periodo de estudio. El 45% de las RAM tuvo una causalidad probable y el 55%, posible; únicamente tres RAM se clasificaron como graves, debido a que prolongaron la estancia hospitalaria y pusieron en peligro la vida del paciente. Conclusiones: Las RAM de los sistemas gastrointestinal y endocrino fueron las más incidentes, y la hiperprolactinemia fue la más frecuente. La olanzapina y clozapina fueron los medicamentos que más RAM provocaron. Se recomienda fomentar la cultura de notificación y seguimiento de RAM causadas por fármacos antipsicóticos.


ABSTRACT Introduction: Adverse Drug Reactions (ADR) are unwanted clinical or laboratory manifestations that are related to drug use. ADR are common and are associated with significant risk of morbidity, mortality and hospital admissions. Antipsychotics have a reduced therapeutic window, and have been related to the manifestation of a variety of ADR. Objetive: To evaluate the pattern of ADRs due to antipsychotic drugs detected in patients treated at the Ramón de la Fuente Muñiz National Institute of Psychiatry between December 2021 and May 2022. Methods: Observational, descriptive, prospective and cross-sectional study of a series of cases. The seriousness, severity, and quality of the information in the notification of the ADR were defined in accordance with NOM-220-SSA1-2016, Installation and Operation of Pharmacovigilance, while causality was determined using the Naranjo algorithm. Results: The incidence of ADRs was 59%, with one or more ADR detected in 52 of the 88 patients who were receiving antipsychotic treatment during the study period. Forty-five percent of the ADR had probable causality and 55% possible; only three ADR were classified as serious as they prolonged the hospital stay and endangered the patient's life. Conclusions: The ADR of the gastrointestinal and endocrine systems were the most incidental, with hyperprolactinemia being the most frequent. Olanzapine and clozapine were the medications that caused the most ADR. It is recommended to promote the culture of notification and follow-up of ADR caused by antipsychotic drugs.

7.
Rev. Fac. Med. Hum ; 24(1): 179-185, ene.-mar. 2024. tab, graf
Artigo em Espanhol | LILACS-Express | LILACS | ID: biblio-1565145

RESUMO

RESUMEN Antecedentes: El accidente ofídico es una enfermedad desatendida que afecta a los países tropicales. América Latina es la segunda región después de África, con mayor número de casos a nivel mundial. Su curso clínico incluye lesiones locales hasta afectaciones sistémicas como lesiones renales, hematológicas y neurológicas. Las complicaciones cardiacas son raras, especialmente en pacientes que no tienen factores de riesgo cardiovascular. Hay reportes de infarto agudo de miocardio, pero existe poca información sobre la insuficiencia cardíaca debida a Bothrops spp. Reporte de caso: Presentamos el caso de un hombre de 25 años sin factores de riesgo cardiovascular que fue admitido en la unidad de cuidados intensivos y desarrolló insuficiencia cardíaca con choque cardiogénico y fallo multiorgánico secundario a una mordedura de serpiente. Conclusiones: Aunque el curso clínico característico de un accidente ofídico bothrópico y sus manifestaciones sistémicas están principalmente relacionadas con anomalías de la coagulación, hay complicaciones cardiovasculares dentro de su presentación clínica que, aunque raras, si no se detectan prontamente y no se manejan adecuadamente, están asociadas con alta morbilidad y mortalidad.


ABSTRACT Background: Ophidic accident is a neglected disease that affects tropical countries. Latin America is the second region after Africa, with the most cases worldwide. Local lesions accompany its clinical course up to systemic affectations such as renal, hematological, and neurological lesions. Cardiac complications are rare, especially in patients who do not have cardiovascular risk factors. There are reports of acute myocardial infarction, but there is little information about heart failure due to Bothrops spp. Case report: We present the case of a 25-year-old man without cardiovascular risk factors who was admitted to the intensive care unit and developed heart failure with cardiogenic shock and multi-organ failure secondary to a snake bite. Conclusions: Although the characteristic clinical course of a bothropic ophidian accident and its systemic manifestations are mainly related to coagulation abnormalities, there are cardiovascular complications within its clinical presentation that, although rare, if not detected promptly and not adequately managed, are associated with high morbidity and mortality.

8.
Annals of Coloproctology ; : 191-199, 2024.
Artigo em Inglês | WPRIM | ID: wpr-1041977

RESUMO

Purpose@#Prehabilitation (PH) is purported to improve patients’ preoperative functional status. This systematic review and meta-analysis sought to compare short-term postoperative outcomes between patients who underwent a protocolized PH program and the existing standard of care among colorectal cancer patients awaiting surgery. @*Methods@#A search in MEDLINE/PubMed, the Cochrane Library, Embase, Scopus, and CINAHL was conducted to identify relevant articles. Repetitive and exhaustive combinations of MeSH search terms (“prehabilitation,” “colorectal cancer,” “colon cancer,” and “rectal cancer”) were used to identify randomized and nonrandomized studies comparing PH versus standard of care for colorectal cancer patients awaiting surgery. The primary outcomes included postoperative morbidity, length of hospital stay, and readmission rates. @*Results@#Seven studies including 1,042 colorectal cancer patients (PH, 382) were included. No significant differences were found in intraoperative outcomes. The postoperative complication rates were comparable between groups (Clavien-Dindo grades I and II: risk ratio, 0.82; 95% confidence interval, 0.62–1.07; P=0.15; Clavien-Dindo grades ≥III: risk ratio, 1.02; 95% confidence interval, 0.72–1.44; P=0.92). There were also no significant differences in length of hospital stay (P=0.21) or the risk of 30-day readmission (P=0.68). @*Conclusion@#Although PH does not appear to improve short-term postoperative outcomes following colorectal cancer surgery, the quality of evidence is impaired by the limited trials and heterogeneity. Thus, further large-scale trials are warranted to draw definitive conclusions and establish the long-term effects of PH.

9.
Artigo em Inglês | WPRIM | ID: wpr-1043811

RESUMO

Obturator hernias (OHs) are a rare cause of bowel obstruction that requires immediate surgical intervention to prevent morbidity and mortality. Patients with OHs present with acute intestinal obstruction secondary to incarceration, with a high morbidity and mortality rate due to delayed diagnosis and treatment. Although several surgical approaches have been reported, a standard approach for OH treatment has not yet been established. Here, we report the case of a 74-year-old woman who presented with bilateral OHs. The patient presented at our institution with pain in the left lower quadrant. Computed tomography revealed preperitoneal fat in both obturator foramen. Robotic transabdominal preperitoneal (R-TAPP) bilateral OH repair was performed, and a mesh was placed over both obturator foramen. The patient recovered without postoperative complications and was discharged on postoperative day 2. This suggests that the R-TAPP approach is safe for OH repair without incarceration.

10.
Rev. med. Risaralda ; 29(2): 133-141, jul.-dic. 2023. tab, graf
Artigo em Espanhol | LILACS-Express | LILACS | ID: biblio-1576509

RESUMO

Resumen El cáncer infantil se presenta frecuentemente de forma inespecífica, simulando otras enfermedades de curso benigno. Este hecho, asociado a su baja incidencia, dificulta la sospecha y el diagnóstico de cáncer infantil. Si se hace este último de manera precoz junto con la rápida derivación a un centro especializado, se reducen significativamente la morbilidad y la mortalidad, lo que favorece el pronóstico de la enfermedad. Existen muchos signos y síntomas que deben alarmar al médico e incluso a los familiares: palidez, fiebre de larga duración, dolor de cabeza, adenopatías, sangrados o moretones, debilidad marcada, masas, marcha anormal, anormalidades oculares, dolor músculo esquelético, entre otros. Aunque estos tienden a ser inespecíficos, es importante detectar oportunamente los signos de alarma y bandera roja para mejorar la supervivencia en la población pediátrica con esta condición. Con base en la literatura, el objetivo de este artículo de revisión es caracterizar las manifestaciones clínicas en el paciente pediátrico que sugieren una rápida intervención y búsqueda de una neoplasia en él. Metodología de búsqueda Se realizó una búsqueda en la literatura desde el 1 de febrero hasta el 31 de marzo de 2022, en PUBMED, GOOGLE SCHOLAR, MEDLINE, UPTODE con los términos MESH "Neoplasias", "Cáncer infantil", "Signos y síntomas", "Alarma". Los criterios de inclusión fueron artículos que trataran como tema central el cáncer infantil, sus síntomas y signos de alarma, así mismo, se incluyeron libros, artículos de revista, revisiones de tema y reportes de caso publicados en los últimos 20 años en inglés y español; obteniéndose inicialmente 40 artículos. Se excluyeron los relacionados a cáncer en adultos. Aquellos duplicados o con contenido insuficiente o no relevante para desarrollar el tema, tampoco fueron tenidos en cuenta. Finalmente, resultaron 35 publicaciones, de las cuales 22 fueron considerados acordes al objetivo del presente estudio.


Abstract Childhood cancer frequently presents in a non-specific manner, simulating other benign diseases. This fact, associated with its low incidence, difficults the suspicion and diagnosis of childhood cancer. Early diagnosis and prompt referral to a specialized center significantly reduce morbidity and mortality, improving the prognosis of the disease. There are many signs and symptoms that should alarm the physician and even family members, which are: pallor, long-lasting fever, headache, lymphadenopathy, bleeding, or bruising, marked weakness, masses, abnormal gait, ocular abnormalities, skeletal muscle pain, among others. Although these are usually nonspecific, it is important to detect early warning signs and red flags to improve survival in the pediatric population with this condition. Based on the literature, the objective of this review article is to characterize the clinical manifestations in the pediatric patient that suggest a rapid intervention and search for a neoplasm in the child.

11.
Rev. méd. Minas Gerais ; 33: e-33201, Jan.-Dez. 2023.
Artigo em Inglês, Português | LILACS | ID: biblio-1551496

RESUMO

INTRODUÇÃO: A deficiência de Vitamina D (VD) é frequente na doença falciforme (DF) em decorrência do status inflamatório crônico, danos renais, endoteliais, hiperhemólise e melanodermia. Atualmente, a suplementação desse nutriente em falcêmicos tem se mostrado importante devido sua ação sistêmica e imunológica. OBJETIVOS: Analisar o impacto da VD em crianças com DF. MÉTODOS: Trata-se de uma revisão integrativa da literatura, onde foram analisados estudos, publicados originalmente em inglês e português, dos últimos dez anos, em humanos, tendo como referência as bases de dados MEDLINE, SciELO e LILACS. A busca foi efetuada mediante a consulta ao MeSH. Os descritores utilizados foram: "children"; "vitamin D"; "sickle cell anemia"; "supplementation". Foram identificados 32 artigos a partir da frase de pesquisa. Ao aplicar os critérios de inclusão, nove artigos foram eleitos para o estudo. RESULTADOS: A partir da análise dos artigos incluídos, 6 avaliaram a prevalência da deficiência de VD em crianças com anemia falciforme e os outros três artigos relataram sobre a suplementação de VD em crianças também com anemia falciforme. Todos os estudos mostraram que as crianças tratadas com reposição de VD tiveram uma diminuição de idas ao pronto-socorro e maior estabilidade hemodinâmica durante os tratamentos. CONCLUSÃO: Outros ensaios clínicos randomizados devem ser realizados para identificar o papel da DV na qualidade de vida e na redução da morbidade falciforme. A contribuição deste artigo é reconhecer que há evidências sobre a vitamina D fora dos ensaios clínicos randomizados.


INTRODUCTION: Vitamin D (VD) deficiency is frequent in sickle cell disease (SCD) due to chronic inflammatory status, kidney and endothelial damage, hyperhemolysis and melanoderma. Currently, the supplementation of this nutrient in sickle cell patients is important due to its systemic and immunological action. Objectives: To analyze the impact of VD in children with SCD. METHODS: This is an integrative literature review, which analyzed studies, originally published in English and Portuguese, in the last ten years, in humans, using the MedLine, SciELO and LILACS databases as References. The search was performed by consulting the MeSH. The descriptors used were: "children"; "vitamin D"; "sickle cell anemia"; "supplementation". 32 articles were identified from the search phrase. When applying the inclusion criteria, nine articles were chosen for the study. RESULTS: Among the included articles, six evaluated the prevalence of VD deficiency in children with sickle cell anemia, and the other three reported on VD supplementation in children with sickle cell anemia. All studies showed that children treated with VD replacement had a decrease in emergency room visits and greater hemodynamic stability during treatments. CONCLUSION: Further randomized controlled trials should be carried out to identify the role of VD in quality of life and in the reduction of sickle cell morbidity. The contribution of this paper is to recognize that there is evidence about vitamin D outside of randomized controlled trials.


Assuntos
Humanos , Criança , Adolescente , Deficiência de Vitamina D , Suplementos Nutricionais , Anemia Falciforme/complicações
12.
Rev. colomb. cardiol ; 30(5): 295-305, oct.-nov. 2023. tab, graf
Artigo em Espanhol | LILACS-Express | LILACS | ID: biblio-1576203

RESUMO

Resumen La neuropatía autonómica cardiovascular asociada a diabetes es una seria complicación de la diabetes mellitus (DM), que se relaciona con gran carga de morbilidad e incremento significativo de la mortalidad. Tiene un amplio espectro de alteraciones, que van desde taquicardia en reposo, a intolerancia al ejercicio e isquemias silentes. El tratamiento de estas complicaciones es variado, pues intervienen muchos factores tanto en su génesis como en su control, por lo que se han buscado varias estrategias que puedan impactar en su evolución. El ejercicio es considerado como una estrategia de primera línea para el manejo de la DM, así como en la prevención y tratamiento de la neuropatía autonómica cardiovascular, puesto que disminuye su incidencia y evolución en el tiempo. Para prescribir de forma segura y efectiva el ejercicio en pacientes con neuropatía autonómica cardiovascular, los prestadores de servicios de salud deben entender la fisiopatología de la enfermedad, sus manifestaciones clínicas y su comportamiento durante el ejercicio, con lo cual se podrá estructurar un programa individualizado para las necesidades de cada paciente. Se realizó una búsqueda de la literatura en bases de datos (PubMed, MEDLINE, EMBASE, Scopus), con los términos MESH neuropatías diabéticas + diabetes mellitus + terapia por ejercicio, determinando que realizar ejercicio aeróbico de moderada intensidad disminuye la incidencia y progresión de la neuropatía autonómica cardiovascular, favorece el control de síntomas y disminuye el riesgo de mortalidad. Otros tipos de ejercicio, como el entrenamiento de fuerza y el aeróbico intermitente de alta intensidad, también demostraron mejoría, pero la evidencia en cuanto a su uso aun es limitada.


Abstract Diabetic cardiovascular autonomic neuropathy (CAN) is a serious complication of diabetes mellitus, which is associated with a high burden of morbidity and a significant increase in mortality. Cardiovascular autonomic neuropathy can manifest through a wide spectrum of alterations, ranging from resting tachycardia to exercise intolerance, and the presence of silent ischemia. The treatment of this complication varies, as there are many factors involved in both its genesis and control; therefore, various strategies have been sought to affect its course. Exercise is considered a first-line strategy for the management of diabetes mellitus and its usefulness in the prevention and management of CAN has also been proven, reducing its incidence and progression over time. In order to safely and effectively prescribe exercise in patients with CAN, healthcare providers need to understand the pathophysiology of the disease, its clinical manifestations and their behavior during exercise, to be able to structure an individualized program for the patients. A database literature search was carried out in PubMed, MEDLINE, EMBASE, and Scopus using the MESH terms diabetic neuropathies + diabetes mellitus + exercise therapy, where it was determined that performing moderate aerobic exercise decreases the incidence and progression of CAN, favors the control of symptoms and is associated with a decrease mortality risk. Other types of exercise such as strength training and high intensity intermittent training have also shown improvement; nevertheless there is still limited evidence regarding their use.

13.
Rev. cir. (Impr.) ; 75(4)ago. 2023.
Artigo em Espanhol | LILACS-Express | LILACS | ID: biblio-1515249

RESUMO

Introducción: Las hernias de la pared abdominal afectan entre el 10% al 15% de la población mundial, siendo hasta el 60% de estas hernias inguinales. Las hernias inguinales gigantes son poco comunes, pero con una gran carga de enfermedad para el paciente. Caso Clínico: Se presenta el caso de un paciente de 51 años, con antecedente de diabetes mellitus tipo II, proveniente de zona rural aislada, por cuatro días de evolución consistente en quemadura escrotal por metal caliente, relacionada a una hernia inguinoescrotal derecha gigante. Es llevado a intervención quirúrgica por cirugía general y urología. Por adecuada evolución clínica se da de alta al 5° día posoperatorio. Discusión: Las hernias inguinales gigantes son raras y frecuentemente se presentan en pacientes de bajo estrato socioeconómico, procedencia rural y cierto grado de negligencia. El reto del equipo quirúrgico consiste en lidiar con los posibles efectos adversos de la reducción del contenido herniario en un abdomen con diversos grados de pérdida del dominio. Se puede requerir resección o debulking del contenido abdominal o la expansión de la cavidad abdominal mediante frenectomía, neumoperitoneo progresivo perioperatorio o la creación de hernias ventrales mediante maniobras avanzadas. La reparación con malla libre de tensión disminuye el riesgo de recurrencia. Conclusión: La hernia inguinal gigante es una patología rara. El cirujano general está llamado a conocer el abanico de opciones que existen en caso de enfrentarse a estos pacientes, lo cual ayuda a reducir la elevada morbimortalidad y altas tasas de recurrencia.


Introduction: Abdominal wall hernias affect between 10% to 15% of the world population and up to 60% of these are inguinal hernias. Giant inguinal hernias are rare, but have high burden of disease for the patients. Clinical Case: We present the case of a 51-year-old patient, with a history of type II diabetes mellitus, from an isolated rural area, with four days of a scrotal burn by hot metal, related to a giant right inguinoscrotal hernia. He is taken to surgical intervention by general surgery and urology. Due to adequate clinical evolution, he was discharged on the 5th postoperative day. Discussion: Giant inguinal hernias are rare and frequently occur in patients of low socioeconomic status, rural origin and a certain degree of neglect. The challenge for the surgical team consist in dealing with the potential adverse effects of reducing hernia contents in an abdomen with varying degrees of loss of normal capacity. Resection or debulking of the abdominal contents or expansion of the abdominal cavity by frenectomy, perioperative progressive pneumoperitoneum, or the creation of ventral hernias by advanced maneuvers may be required. Tension-free mesh repair decreases the risk of recurrence. Conclusion: Giant inguinal hernia is a rare pathology. The general surgeon is called to know the range of options that exist in the event of facing these patients, which helps to reduce the high morbidity and mortality and high rates of recurrence.

14.
Rev. méd. Chile ; 151(7): 929-933, jul. 2023. ilus
Artigo em Espanhol | LILACS | ID: biblio-1565667

RESUMO

INTRODUCCIÓN: El Centro Internacional de Investigaciones sobre el Cáncer incluyó la exposición ocupacional y ambiental de bomberos, en su listado de carcinógenos para humanos. MATERIAL Y MÉTODOS: Se realizó un scoping review de la literatura disponible sobre el riesgo de cáncer en bomberos, inicialmente una búsqueda primaria de artículos publicados en los últimos 10 años en PubMed, usando los términos MeSH "Neoplasms" AND "Firefighters", encontrándose un total de 38 textos. Adicionalmente, se realizó una búsqueda secundaria en la misma base de datos y período de tiempo, utilizando los términos "Ocupational Exposure" AND "Risk" AND "Firefighters" AND "Cancer" encontrándose 77 artículos. De este listado se seleccionaron 3 artículos de la búsqueda primaria y 3 de la búsqueda secundaria que fueron incluidos en la revisión. RESULTADOS: Se ha documentado que los bomberos están potencialmente expuestos, en todos los tipos de emergencias con fuego, a una variedad de sustancias tóxicas y cancerígenas. En diversos metaanálisis y revisiones sistemáticas se encontraron asociaciones entre la extinción de incendios y algunos tipos de cáncer. Conclusiones: Identificar asociaciones entre las exposiciones ocupacionales de los bomberos y el riesgo de cáncer es una tarea desafiante principalmente debido al origen multifactorial del cáncer. La mejor forma de disminuir la exposición es implementando medidas de prevención.


INTRODUCTION: the International Agency for Research on Cancer included the occupational and environmental exposure of firefighters, in the list of carcinogens for humans. MATERIAL AND METHODS: A scoping review of the available literature on the risk of cancer in firefighters was carried out. Results: It has been documented that firefighters are potentially exposed, in all types of fire emergencies, to a variety of toxic and carcinogenic substances. In several meta-analyses and systematic reviews, associations were found between firefighting and some types of cancer. CONCLUSIONS: Identifying associations between firefighters' occupational exposures and cancer risk is a challenging task mainly due to the multifactorial origin of cancer. The best way to reduce exposure is to implement preventative measures.


Assuntos
Humanos , Exposição Ocupacional/efeitos adversos , Bombeiros/estatística & dados numéricos , Neoplasias/etiologia , Neoplasias/epidemiologia , Doenças Profissionais/etiologia , Doenças Profissionais/epidemiologia , Fatores de Risco , Medição de Risco , Incêndios
15.
Artigo | IMSEAR | ID: sea-221031

RESUMO

INTRODUCTION: A stoma is defined as an opening into a hollow viscus either natural or surgically created which connects a portion of body cavity to the external environment[1]. Ileostomy or colostomy creation is a crucial part of numerous surgical procedures carried out for a variety of gastrointestinal problems. Despite the frequent occurrence of intestinal stomas, stoma-related problems are still frequent and are associated with high morbidity and expense. OBJECTIVE: The objective if this article is to understand these frequent issues, go into depth about how to prevent or avoid them, and provide management advice. METHOD: Prospective RESULTS: Peristomal skin complications and parastomal hernia were the most common complications. End colostomy had the highest incidence of morbidity, followed by loop colostomy and loop ileostomy. CONCLUSIONS: Ileostomy and colostomy forms are frequently done procedures, but sadly they are linked to high morbidity and stoma-related complication rates that range from 21 to 70%. It has been demonstrated that preoperative entero-stomal therapy consultation and stoma site labelling by either an entero-stomal therapist or skilled surgeon lessen postoperative problems. In addition, it is crucial to pay close attention to the technical aspects of stoma production. In order to definitively address concerns concerning the optimal trephine size, the use of prophylactic mesh, and other aspects of stoma creation, additional randomized trials are required. Clinical wound ostomy nurse specialists are extremely helpful following surgery, and the use of standardized protocols has further helped to reduce the frequency of common problems and readmissions for dehydration.

16.
Rev. Fac. Med. (Bogotá) ; 71(2): e4, Apr.-June 2023. tab, graf
Artigo em Inglês | LILACS-Express | LILACS | ID: biblio-1575735

RESUMO

Abstract Introduction: Orotracheal intubation is a procedure that implies risks such as extubation failure and laryngeal stridor, which increase the risk of morbidity. Objective: To identify factors associated with early extubation failure (≤24 hours) and the development of post-extubation laryngeal stridor in adult patients on invasive mechanical ventilation (IMV). Materials and methods: Case-control study conducted in the intensive care unit (ICU) of a quaternary care hospital in Bogotá, Colombia, between April 2019 and February 2020, in which information was collected prospectively. A total of 180 patients with IMV ≥24 hours and at least >1 extubation attempt were included: 30 cases defined as patients with early extubation failure (≤24 hours to extubation), and 150 controls. Differences between cases and controls regarding the variables considered were determined using the Student's t test and the Chi-squared or Fisher's exact tests. In addition, a multivariate analysis (unconditional logistic regression model) was performed to establish the factors associated with extubation failure and post-extubation laryngeal stridor, calculating the odds ratio (OR) and the respective 95% confidence intervals (95%CI). A significance level of p<0.05 was considered. Results: Early extubation failure and laryngeal stridor had a prevalence of 16.66% (n=30) and 3.89% (n=7), respectively. In the multivariate analysis, having a history of intubation (OR=4.27, 95%CI: 1.44-12.66), the presence of active cancer (OR=2.92, 95%CI: 1.08-7.90), and being diagnosed with pneumonia (OR=2.84, 95%CI: 1.15-6.99) were significantly associated with extubation failure, while the duration of IMV (OR=1.53, 95%CI: 1.18-1.99) and history of intubation (OR=37.99, 95%CI: 2.22-650.8) were significantly associated with post-extubation laryngeal stridor. Conclusions: Based on the results reported here, it is suggested to consider factors such as history of intubation, comorbidity with cancer, and diagnosis of pneumonia in the stratification of critically ill patients to increase the likelihood of successful extubation.


Resumen Introducción. La intubación orotraqueal es un procedimiento que conlleva riesgos como la extubación fallida y el estridor laríngeo, los cuales aumentan el riesgo de morbilidad. Objetivo. Identificar los factores asociados a extubación fallida temprana (≤24 horas) y al desarrollo de estridor laríngeo post-extubación en pacientes adultos con ventilación mecánica invasiva (VMI). Materiales y métodos. Estudio de casos y controles con recolección prospectiva de información realizado en la unidad de cuidados intensivos (UCI) de un hospital de IV nivel de Bogotá, Colombia, entre abril de 2019 y febrero de 2020. Se incluyeron 180 pacientes con VMI ≥24 horas y al menos 1 intento de extubación: 30 casos definidos como pacientes con extubación fallida temprana (≤24 horas a la extubación) y 150 controles. Las diferencias en las variables consideradas entre casos y controles se determinaron mediante las pruebas t de Student y Chi-cuadrado o exacta de Fisher. Además, se realizó un análisis multivariado (modelo de regresión logística no condicional) para determinar los factores asociados con extubación fallida y estridor laríngeo post-extubación, calculando los Odds ratio (OR) con sus respectivos intervalos de confianza al 95% (IC95%). Se consideró un nivel de significancia de p<0.05. Resultados. La extubación fallida temprana y el estridor laríngeo tuvieron una prevalencia de 16.66% (n=30) y 3.89% (n=7), respectivamente. En el análisis multivariado, el antecedente de intubación (OR=4.27, IC95%: 1.44-12.66), la presencia de cáncer activo (OR=2.92, IC95%: 1.08-7.90) y ser diagnosticado con neumonía (OR=2.84, IC95%: 1.15-6.99) se asociaron significativamente con extubación fallida, mientras que la duración de la VMI (OR=1.53, IC95%: 1.18-1.99) y el antecedente de intubación (OR=37.99, IC95%: 2.22-650.8), con estridor laríngeo post-extubación. Conclusiones. Con base en los resultados aquí obtenidos, se sugiere considerar factores como antecedente de intubación, comorbilidad con cáncer y diagnóstico de neumonía en la estratificación de los pacientes críticamente enfermos para aumentar la probabilidad de una extubación exitosa.

17.
Vive (El Alto) ; 6(16): 220-230, abr. 2023.
Artigo em Espanhol | LILACS | ID: biblio-1442257

RESUMO

Las hernias que se ubican en la pared abdominal son consideradas una patología de alta prevalencia en la población mundial, ya que se estima que el 55 % de las personas se ve afectada en algún momento de su vida por esta enfermedad. Además, se someten anualmente más de 20 millones de pacientes a nivel mundial a reparación de hernia inguinal, como gran parte de estos pacientes presentan comorbilidades, es importante conocer las complicaciones que conlleva este procedimiento. Objetivo. Identificar estrategias para reducir la incidencia de complicaciones y mejorar los resultados a largo plazo de la hernioplastia inguinal laparoscópica. Metodología. Se realizó una revisión sistemática, de estudios observacionales, donde las principales bases de datos utilizados fueron PubMed y Google Scholar cuyos descriptores DeCS-MeSH se presentan con el siguiente algoritmo de búsqueda "Complications" AND "laparoscopic" AND "inguinal" AND "hernioplasty". Se incluyeron los trabajos relacionados con el tema de investigación, publicados en español o inglés en periodos más recientes o publicados dentro de los últimos 5 años. Conclusión. La incidencia de hernias inguinales aumenta con la edad, especialmente entre la quinta y la séptima década de la vida por lo cual conlleva a complicaciones que van desde morbilidad de la herida, recurrencia de la hernia, dolor crónico y problemas relacionados con la malla. A pesar de las complicaciones que presenta la reparación de hernia inguinal vía laparoscópica es una de las técnicas más usada actualmente y que brinda una recuperación más rápida.


Hernias located in the abdominal wall are considered a highly prevalent pathology in the world population, since it is estimated that 55% of people are affected at some point in their lives by this disease. In addition, more than 20 million patients worldwide undergo inguinal hernia repair every year. Since most of these patient's present comorbidities, it is important to know the complications that this procedure entails. Objective. To identify strategies to reduce the incidence of complications and improve long-term outcomes of laparoscopic inguinal hernioplasty. Methodology. A systematic review of observational studies was performed, where the main databases used were PubMed and Google Scholar whose DeCS-MeSH descriptors are presented with the following search algorithm "Complications" AND "laparoscopic" AND "inguinal" AND "hernioplasty". Papers related to the research topic, published in Spanish or English in more recent periods or published within the last 5 years, were included. Conclusion. The incidence of inguinal hernias increases with age, especially between the fifth and seventh decade of life, which leads to complications ranging from wound morbidity, hernia recurrence, chronic pain and mesh-related problems. In spite of the complications, laparoscopic inguinal hernia repair is one of the most widely used techniques today and provides a faster recovery.


As hérnias localizadas na parede abdominal são consideradas uma patologia altamente prevalente na população mundial, pois estima-se que 55% das pessoas sejam afetadas em algum momento de suas vidas por essa doença. Além disso, mais de 20 milhões de pacientes em todo o mundo são submetidos a reparos de hérnia inguinal todos os anos. Como muitos desses pacientes têm comorbidades, é importante estar ciente das complicações associadas a esse procedimento. Objetivo. Identificar estratégias para reduzir a incidência de complicações e melhorar os resultados de longo prazo da hernioplastia inguinal laparoscópica. Metodologia. Foi realizada uma revisão sistemática de estudos observacionais, em que os principais bancos de dados utilizados foram o PubMed e o Google Scholar, cujos descritores DeCS-MeSH são apresentados com o seguinte algoritmo de pesquisa: "Complications" AND "laparoscopic" AND "inguinal" AND "hernioplasty". Foram incluídos artigos relacionados ao tópico da pesquisa, publicados em inglês ou espanhol em períodos mais recentes ou publicados nos últimos 5 anos. Conclusão. A incidência de hérnias inguinais aumenta com a idade, especialmente entre a quinta e a sétima década de vida, levando a complicações que vão desde a morbidade da ferida, recorrência da hérnia, dor crônica e problemas relacionados à malha. Apesar das complicações, a correção laparoscópica da hérnia inguinal é uma das técnicas mais usadas atualmente e proporciona uma recuperação mais rápida.

18.
Rev. salud pública ; Rev. salud pública;25(2): 8, mar.-abr. 2023. tab
Artigo em Inglês | LILACS-Express | LILACS | ID: biblio-1576711

RESUMO

ABSTRACT Objective The aim of this study was to assess the effect of health-related determinants and COVID-19 pandemic on the academic achievement of Colombian youth. Methods Nationwide study based on the results of official exams of more than two million students during the period 2017-2020. Sociodemographic characteristics, dietary, ethnicity, child labour factor, and region-level rurality were considered as independent variables. A two-level structural equation model was used to assess the effect of individual- and state-level variables. Analyses were stratified by academic domains and global score. Results Health-related determinants, including belonging to an ethnic minority and child labour were associated with a reduction in global scores (20.07, 95 % CI 19.81-20.33 and 10.62, 95 % CI 10.49-10.76 points, respectively), whereas the youth from higher socioeconomic status achieved a 2.21 points increase. COVID-19 pandemic and rurality did not implied significant changes in the scores, however, rurality was associated with a reduction of 0.01 points in foreign language score (English). Conclusions Health determinants not only affect the common outcomes in health but also explain educational inequalities in Colombian youth. Beyond an increased risk of morbidity or mortality, as reported elsewhere, belonging to a minority, coming from a lower socioeconomic stratum and be in need to work, put in risk the personal fulfilment of youth, which entail poor future health performance. A more comprehensive analysis of health determinants and its consequences is needed in young people.


RESUMEN Objetivo El objetivo de este estudio fue evaluar el efecto de los determinantes relacionados con la salud y la pandemia de COVID-19 en el rendimiento académico de los jóvenes colombianos. Métodos Estudio a nivel nacional basado en los resultados de exámenes oficiales de más de dos millones de estudiantes durante el período 2017-2020. Las características sociodemográficas, la dieta, el origen étnico, el factor de trabajo infantil y la ruralidad a nivel regional se consideraron variables independientes. Se utilizó un modelo de ecuaciones estructurales de dos niveles para evaluar el efecto de las variables a nivel individual y estatal. Los análisis se estratificaron por dominios académicos y puntuación global. Resultados Los determinantes relacionados con la salud, incluida la pertenencia a una minoría étnica y el trabajo infantil, se asociaron con una reducción en las puntuaciones globales (20,07, IC 95 % 19,81-20,33 y 10,62, IC 95 % 10,49-10,76 puntos, respectivamente), mientras que los jóvenes de mayor nivel socioeconómico lograron un aumento de 2,21 puntos. La pandemia de COVID-19 y la ruralidad no implicaron cambios significativos en los puntajes, sin embargo, la ruralidad se asoció con una reducción de 0,01 puntos en el puntaje de lengua extranjera (inglés). Conclusiones Los determinantes de la salud no solo afectan a los resultados comunes en salud, sino que explican las desigualdades educativas en la juventud colombiana. Más allá de un mayor riesgo de morbilidad o mortalidad, como se informó en otros lugares, pertenecer a una minoría, provenir de un estrato socioeconómico más bajo y estar en necesidad de trabajar, pone en riesgo la realización personal de los jóvenes, lo que implica un bajo desempeño futuro en salud. Se necesita un análisis más exhaustivo de los determinantes de la salud y sus consecuencias en los jóvenes.

19.
Acta neurol. colomb ; 39(1): 20-27, ene.-mar. 2023. tab, graf
Artigo em Espanhol | LILACS | ID: biblio-1429570

RESUMO

RESUMEN INTRODUCCIÓN. El ACV menor hace referencia a un evento isquémico que cursa con síntomas leves. Se ha señalado que estos pacientes pueden presentar un desenlace clínico desfavorable. OBJETIVO: Evaluar el desenlace funcional a 90 días de pacientes con ACV isquémico menor, atendidos en dos hospitales de Bucaramanga, Colombia, entre los años 2015 y 2017. MÉTODOS. Estudio de cohorte en pacientes con ACV isquémico agudo y un puntaje NIHSS ≤ 5 puntos. Un desenlace clínico desfavorable a 90 días de seguimiento fue medido como un puntaje Rankin-m ≥ 3 puntos. Se realizó un análisis bivariado a través de modelos de regresión binomial simple y ajustado por edad y sexo. Un valor p <0,05 fue considerado estadísticamente significativo. RESULTADOS. Se incluyeron 90 pacientes (edad de 66,6± 13,5 años, 54,4% (n=49) de sexo masculino). El 36,5% (n=23) de los pacientes presentó un puntaje Rankin-m de 3 a 6 puntos. El antecedente de diabetes mellitus (RR: 2,50 IC 95%:1,33-4,70) y un Rankin-m previo de 2 (RR 2,12 IC 95%:1,39-3,24) fueron variables independientemente asociadas a discapacidad significativa. CONCLUSIÓN. Un estado funcional previamente comprometido, sumado a la disfunción endotelial que genera la diabetes mellitus, contribuye a un desenlace desfavorable en los pacientes con ACV menor.


ABSTRACT INTRODUCTION. Minor stroke refers to an ischemic vascular event that start with discrete symptoms. It has been suggested that these patients may have an unfavorable clinical outcome. AIM. To evaluate the functional outcome at 90 days in patients with minor ischemic stroke in two hospitals in Bucaramanga, between 2015 and 2017. METHODS. Cohort study in patients with acute ischemic stroke and NIHSS ≤ 5 points. An unfavorable clinical outcome was measured according to the modified Rankin Scale as ≥ 3 points. A bivariate analysis was performed through simple binomial regression models adjusted for age and sex. A p-value <0.05 was considered statistically significant. RESULTS. 90 patients were included (Aged 66.6 ± 13.5 years, 49 males (54%); 23 (36,5%) presented a modified Rankin score of 3-6 points. A history of diabetes (RR: 2.50 CI 95%: 1.33-4.70) and a modified Rankin score of 2 points prior to the event (RR 2.12 CI 95%: 1.39-3.24) were independently associated with significant disability CONCLUSION. A previously compromised functional state, added to the endothelial dysfunction generated by diabetes mellitus, contribute significantly to an unfavorable outcome in patients with minor stroke.


Assuntos
Terapia Trombolítica , Acidente Vascular Cerebral , Pessoas com Deficiência , Estudo Observacional
20.
Acta Medica Philippina ; : 47-52, 2023.
Artigo em Inglês | WPRIM | ID: wpr-1003633

RESUMO

Objective@#To describe the treatment outcomes of patients with chest wall tumors undergoing resection and Birdcage chest wall reconstruction in the local setting. @*Methods@#Data were obtained from 13 patients who underwent chest wall resection and Bird-cage (methylmethacrylate neo-rib, mesh, soft tissue, and skin) reconstruction in the Philippine General Hospital from January 2008 to September 2019. Demographics, operative procedures, 30-day operative morbidity, and mortality were evaluated using means and frequencies.@*Results@#We included 13 (77% female) patients with a mean age of 44.5 years. The most common indication for chest wall resection was recurrent neoplasm (5/13, 38.46%). The most extensive chest wall defect was 600 cm2. The average length of ICU stay was 5.15 days, and two patients had prolonged intubation (>3 days). The graft infection rate was 38%, pneumonia 23%, and the operative mortality rate was zero.@*Conclusion@#Bird-cage reconstruction is a safe, reliable, and cheap method of providing rigid chest wall reconstruction for chest wall tumor resection.

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