A Pulmonary Sequestered Segment with an Aberrant Pulmonary Arterial Supply: A Case of Unique Anomaly

We presented a rare case of a 64-year-old man with a combined anomaly of the bronchus and pulmonary artery that was detected incidentally. Computed tomography showed a hyperlucent, aerated sequestered segment of the right lower lung with an independent ectopic bronchus, which had no connection to the other airway. The affected segment was supplied by its own aberrant pulmonary artery branch from the right pulmonary trunk. This anomaly cannot be classified with any of the previously reported anomalies.

Lower airway anomalies in infants with laryngomalacia.

Objective. To study the prevalence of associated airway anomalies in infants presenting with moderate to severe laryngomalacia. Methods. Eighty three symptomatic infants with recurrent respiratory symptoms including wheeze and cough diagnosed as moderate to severe laryngomalacia based on their clinical and direct laryngoscopic findings were subjected to fiberoptic bronchoscopy (FOB) during the period March 2007 to February 2009 in the Department of Pulmonology, Institute of Child Health and Hospital for Children, Chennai, India. Analysis of the clinical features, radiological findings and associated lower airway anomalies by FOB was done. Results. Lower airway anomalies were demonstrated in 40 (48%) infants of the study population. Tracheomalacia was the most common lower airway anomaly 24(29%) followed by bronchomalacia 8(10%) and tracheobronchomalacia 6 (7%). (4:1:1). Conclusion. Infants with moderate and severe laryngomalacia should be evaluated with flexible fibreoptic bronchoscopy to rule out associated lower airway lesions.

A Case Report of Tracheoesophageal Fistula Found during General Anesthesia for Emergency Exploratory Laparotomy / 대한마취과학회지

Tracheoesophageal fistula (TEF) occurs in approximately 1 in 3,000 to 5,000 live births. TEF arises from failure of normal division of proximal foregut into separate respiratory and digestive tracts at 4 weeks' gestation. TEF and esophageal atresia are interrelated anomalies, and TEF usually occurs with esophageal atresia. These are usually diagnosed shortly after birth. However, the diagnosis is often delayed in TEF without esophageal atresia, because babies with this anomaly are usually normal in size and seldom have other anomalies. Therefore, sometimes TEF without esophageal atresia is found during operation for an unrelated condition when positive pressure ventilation causes massive inflation of the gastrointestinal tract. We report a case of TEF in adult patient found during general anesthesia for emergency exploratory laparotomy.