Association between phase angle of bioelectrical impedance analysis and nutritional parameters in older adults

INTRODUCTION: Phase angle (PhA) is a Bioelectrical impedance analysis (BIA) parameter representing an indicator of cellular health and has been suggested as a biomarker of nutritional status. OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the association between PhA and nutritional parameters in older adults. METHODS: A cross-sectional study was conducted with community-dwelling older adults. Body mass index (BMI), arm muscle circumference (AMC), calf circumference (CC), body fat percentage (BF%), appendicular skeletal muscle mass (ASMM), serum albumin, mini-nutritional assessment (MNA), and PhA were assessed. Kolmogorov­Smirnov test, Spearman's correlation coefficient, chi-square test, and Poisson regression models were performed. RESULTS: 144 participants were included in the study, and most of them were female, aged ≥80 years, and underweight. Most older adults with lower PhA were women, aged range 80­89 years, and with reduced ASMM (p<0.05). PhA presented a significant correlation with age (r=­0.417; p<0.001), ASMM (r=0.427; p<0.001), AMC (r=0.195; p=0.019) and BF% (r=­0.223; p=0.007). Older adults with lower PhA present reduced ASMM (PR: 1.25; 95%CI: 1.04­1.50), and hypoalbuminemia (PR: 1.50; 95%CI: 1.11­2.03). CONCLUSION: PhA is related to commonly nutritional indicators used in clinical practice and could be an important biomarker of muscle mass reserves in community-living older adults of both sexes.

New and potential properties, characteristics, and analytical methods of ferulic acid: A review

Abstract Phenolic compounds are widely distributed in the plant kingdom and in the microorganisms. Cinnamic acid and its hydroxylated derivative-ferulic acid, are phenolic compounds. Ferulic acid possesses antioxidant potential, as well as anti-cancer, anti-inflammatory, and antimicrobial properties. It prevents the harmful effects of radiation both as an ultraviolet absorber and as a free radical scavenger; it is not cytotoxic. Although ferulic acid has beneficial properties, it is hardly used in cosmetic preparations and has been rarely studied in the literature. Herein, we review the literature on ferulic acid, to provide information which can contribute to further research on the compound.

Desarrollo y validación de un método de cromatografía gaseosa para la determinación de mentol, salicilato de metilo, timol y ácido benzoico en solución antiséptica / Development and validation of a gas chromatographic method for the determination of menthol, methyl salicylate, thymol, and benzoic acid in antiseptic solution

RESUMEN Se desarrolló y validó un método por cromatografía gaseosa para la cuantificación simultánea de mentol (MT), salicilato de metilo (SM), timol (TM) y ácido benzoico (AB) en una solución antiséptica bucal. Se utilizó una columna DB-WAX y dietilenglicol como estándar interno. Se determinó la linealidad en un intervalo de concentraciones de 64,00 a 96,00 µg/mL (MT), 80,00 a 120,00 µg/mL (SM), 96,00 a 144,00 µg/mL (TM) y 48,00 a 72,00 µg/mL (AB), obteniendo coeficientes de correlación superiores a 0,999, y coeficientes de variación de los factores de respuestas de 1,18, 1,95, 3,52 y 1,48%, respectivamente. Se establecieron límites de detección de 0,51; 1,14; 3,34 y 1,402 ng/mL para el MT, SM, TM y AB, respectivamente, mientras los límites de cuantificación fueron de 1,45, 3, 43, 9, 73 y 4, 36 ng/mL en cada caso. Los porcentajes de recuperación fueron de 100,03, 99, 31, 99, 92 y 100,12; con coeficientes de variación de 0,42, 0,79, 0,66 y 0,76% para cada caso. El método fue lineal, exacto, preciso y selectivo para la determinación de los analitos en el control de calidad.

SUMMARY A method was developed and validated by gas chromatography for the simultaneous quantification of menthol (MT), methyl salicylate (SM), thymol (TM) and benzoic acid (AB) in an oral antiseptic solution. A DB-WAX column and diethylene glycol was used as internal standard. Linearity was determined in a concentration range of 64.00 to 96.00 µg/mL (MT), 80.00 to 120.00 µg/mL (SM), 96.00 to 144.00 µg/mL (TM) and 48.00 to 72.00 µg/mL (AB) achieving correlation coefficients greater than 0.999, and coefficients of variation of the response factors of 1.18, 1.95, 3.52 and 1.48%, respectively. Detection limits were established: 0.51, 1.14, 3.34 and 1.402 ng/mL for MT, SM, TM, and AB, respectively, while the quantification limits were 1.45, 3.43, 9.73 and 4.36 ng/mL in each case. Recovery percentages were 100.03, 99.31, 99.92 and 100.12; with coefficients of variation of 0.42, 0.79, 0.66 and 0.76% for each case. The method was linear, accurate, precise, and selective for the determination of analytes in quality control.

Progress on chemical constituents and analytical methods of cannabinoids in Cannabis sativa / 中草药

Cannabis sativa, an annual herbaceous plant, belongs to the family Cannabaceae. It is a traditional economic crop in China, which has been applied in many fields such as medicine, food, and cosmetics. Cannabinoids are the main active ingredients of C. sativa, with analgesic, anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, sedative, and anti-vomiting activity. Here, we summarized 121 cannabinoids according to recent reports, meanwhile, analytical methods of cannabinoids were also presented. This review could lay the foundation for the quality control and further research on C. sativa.

O uso da autoconfrontação simples e cruzada para analisar o ensino em educação física / The use of simple and crossed self-confrontation to analyze teaching in physical education / El uso de la autoconfrontación simple y cruzada para analizar la enseñanza en educación física

Este artigo trata da Clínica da atividade e do Método da autoconfrontação simples e cruzada (ACSC), um dispositivo que permite a análise do trabalho docente no que tange ao ensino. Descrevem-se os fundamentos dessa abordagem, explicam-se seus procedimentos operacionais e ilustra-se sua utilização através da análise de episódios de ensino, no âmbito de um estudo multicasos, junto a quatro professores de Educação Física. As aulas foram filmadas, editadas e exibidas para coanálise pelos participantes com a mediação do pesquisador. Através da análise dos episódios, foi possível identificar a razão de agir dos professores, as atividades impedidas, as intenções de mudança e a comparação das maneiras de agir. Conclui-se que o método da ACSC contribui à análise das práticas pelos próprios professores, assim como para seu desenvolvimento reflexivo e profissional

This article addresses the Clinic of the Activity and the Simple and Crossed Self-confrontation (SCSC) Method ­ which enables analyzing teachers' work with regard to teaching. It describes the fundamentals of this approach, explains its operational procedures and illustrates its use by analyzing teaching episodes in a multi-case study with four Physical Education teachers. The lessons were filmed, edited and exhibited to be co-analyzed by the participants with the researcher's mediation. Through the analysis of the episodes, it was possible to identify teachers' reasons for action, impeded activities, intentions of change and the comparison of ways of acting. As a conclusion, the SCSC method contributes to analysis of the practices by teachers themselves as well as their reflective and professional development

Este artículo trata de la Clínica de la actividad y del Método de la autoconfrontación simple y cruzada (ACSC), un dispositivo que permite el análisis del trabajo docente en lo que se refiere a la enseñanza. Se describen los fundamentos de este enfoque, se explican sus procedimientos operativos y se ilustra su utilización a través del análisis de episodios de enseñanza, en el marco de un estudio multicasos, junto a cuatro profesores de Educación Física. Las clases fueron filmadas, editadas y exhibidas para coanálisis por los participantes con la mediación del investigador. A través del análisis de los episodios, fue posible identificar la razón de actuar de los profesores, las actividades impedidas, las intenciones de cambio y la comparación de las maneras de actuar. Se concluye que el método de la ACSC contribuye al análisis de las prácticas por los propios profesores, así como para su desarrollo reflexivo y profesional

Challenges in the development of analytical test procedure for aminoglycosides: A critical review

The present article reviews the challenges and hurdles in the development of an analytical method for aminoglycosides(AG). The article emphasizes on the attempts made to develop analytical methods based on HPLC and othersophisticated techniques, such as LC-MS, radioimmunoassay, microbial assay, enzyme linked immunosorbentassay (ELISA), extractive colorimetry, anion-exchange chromatography with pulsed amperometric detection, highperformance thin layer chromatography, densitometry, and microbial agar diffusion assay. The various media mostlyused for the in vitro as well as in vivo estimation of AG by HPLC and LC-MS are heptafluorobutyric acid, ammoniumacetate, ammonium formate and formic acid. Estimation of AG by radioimmunoassay and ELISA can be suitably doneby using TRIS-HCl and saline phosphate buffer. The buffer media used for ex vivo analysis mostly include MEM,TRIS and saline phosphate. The presence of AG in food from the animal sources, water bodies, and its prolongedexposure may result in serious health issues. The present article outlined the various sensitive, robust and preciseanalytical techniques for the estimation of the various aminoglycosides in many sources, and discussed the hurdlesfaced during the development of the analytical techniques.

Variables pre-analíticas en los análisis de gasometría sanguínea en una institución hospitalaria de tercer nivel, Cali-Colombia / Pre-analytical variables in blood arterial analysis in a third-level hospital institution in Cali, Colombia

Resumen Introducción: Varios factores pre-analíticos afectan los resultados de gases sanguíneos. Objetivo: Evaluar la calidad del proceso pre-analítico de los análisis de gasometría sanguínea solicitados en las unidades de cuidados críticos e intermedios de una institución hospitalaria de tercer nivel de la ciudad de Santiago de Cali. Materiales y métodos: Estudio analítico de corte transversal. Se evaluaron las solicitudes y muestras tomadas a pacientes hospitalizados en las unidades de cuidados críticos. Se calculó medidas de tendencia central, desviación estándar y distribución de proporciones. Los test de Medianas y Kruskal-Wallis permitieron evaluar diferencias estadísticamente significativas en el manejo de la muestra por unidad de servicio/turno/mes/semana de estudio. El análisis se realizó en STATA 15®. Resultados: La muestra efectiva fue de 414 tomadas a 125 pacientes. En promedio se tomaron 4 muestras/día para estudios de gasometría. El 100% de las solicitudes y muestras no cumplieron con los criterios de calidad y seguridad para la identificación del paciente y 3% cumplieron con los criterios técnicos de temperatura y tiempos. Conclusiones: Las directrices del Ministerio de Salud para la seguridad del paciente y las normas técnicas de calidad pre-analítica en gasometría no se cumplen.

Abstract Introduction: Several pre-analytical factors affect the results of blood gases. Objective: To evaluate the quality of the pre-analytical process of the blood arterial analyses requested in the critical and intermediate care units of a third-level hospital institution in the city of Santiago de Cali, Colombia. Materials and methods: A transverse analytical study was conducted. Applications and samples taken to hospitalized patients in critical care units were assessed. Measures of central tendency, standard deviation and distribution of proportions were calculated. The medians and Kruskal-Wallis tests allowed to evaluate statistically significant differences in the management of the sample per unit of service, shift, month, week of study. The analysis was performed in Stata 15®. Results: The effective sample was 414, which were taken to 125 patients. On average, 4 samples a day were taken for arterial studies. 100% of applications and samples did not meet the quality and safety criteria for patient identification and 3% met the technical criteria of temperature and time. Conclusions: The guidelines of the Ministry of Health for patient safety and the technical standards of pre-analytical quality in arterial are not fulfilled.

Progress on lipidomics analytical methods and their applications in studies of traditional Chinese medicines / 中国中药杂志

Lipids have been documented to play comprehensive and significant role in many biological processes. As a branch of metabolomics,lipidomics research mainly involves the analysis of the variation of lipid metabolism profiles under different physiologic,pathologic conditions or drug intervention,the discovery of key lipid biomarkers of a disease in lipid metabolic networks,and the study of the mechanism of action of lipid metabolic regulation during disease onset and progression,and drug treatment. Traditional Chinese medicines( TCMs)are characterized with integrated effects by multi-components,multi-targets and integrated effects. It is urgent to develop methods suitable for the study of complex TCMs to reveal the active constituents and integrated mechanism of action. Systems biology such as lipidomics provides valuable strategy and approach to illustrate the complex mechanisms of TCMs. In this paper,in order to provide technical references for TCMs,we have reviewed the analytical techniques applied in lipidomics and the applications of lipidomics in TCMs researches.

Analytical methods for investigating in vivo fate of nanoliposomes:A review / 药物分析学报

Nanoliposomes are considered to be the most successful nanoparticle drug delivery system, but their fate in vivo has not been fully understood due to lack of reliable bioanalytical methods, which seriously limits the development of liposomal drugs. Hence, an overview of currently used bioanalytical methods is imperative to lay the groundwork for the need of developing a bioanalytical method for liposome measurements in vivo. Currently, major analytical methods for nanoliposomes measurement in vivo include fluorescence labeling, radiolabeling, magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), mass spectrometry and computed tomography.In this review, these bioanalytical methods are summarized, and the advantages and disadvantages of each are discussed. We provide insights into the applicability and limitations of these analytical methods in the application of nanoliposomes measurement in vivo, and highlight the recent development of instrumental analysis techniques. The review is devoted to providing a comprehensive overview of the investigation of nanoliposomes design and associated fate in vivo, promoting the development of bioanalytical techniques for nanoliposomes measurement, and understanding the pharmacokinetic behavior, effectiveness and potential toxicity of nanoliposomes in vivo.

Recent Advances in Sensitive Detection of Kinases / 分析化学

Kinases are a class of enZymes that catalyZe the transfer of a phosphate group from a high-energy molecule to their substrates ( i.e., phosphorylation ).Kinase-induced intracellular phosphorylation plays important roles in a variety of cellular processes including metabolism, cell signaling, protein regulation, DNA replication and repair.Consequently, kinases have become potential biomarkers for disease diagnosis and drug discovery, and the development of simple and sensitive methods for kinase assay is highly desirable.In this review, we summariZe the recent advances in kinase assays with protein kinase A (PKA), casein kinase-2 ( CKⅡ) and T4 polynucleotide kinase ( T4 PNK) as the models.We focus on the newly emerging methods for kinase assays including fluorescent, single-molecule detection, colorimetric, chemiluminescent, bioluminescent, and electrochemical and photoelectrochemical methods.Furthermore, we give a new insight into the future direction of kinase assays.

Research development of ginkgo terpene lactones / 中国中药杂志

Ginkgo terpene lactones, as an important active ingredient from Ginkgo leaves, has high medicinal values and has been widely used in clinics. This article would review the researches both at home and abroad, including chemical composition, structure-activity relationship, analytical methods, pharmacological effects, pharmacokinetic characteristics, and so on, providing a reference for further development and utilization of ginkgo terpene lactones.

Desenvolvimento de métodos analíticos rápidos e de baixo custo para o controle de qualidade de medicamentos antidiabéticos utilizados no Brasil pelo Sistema Único de Saúde / Development of rapid and low cost analytical methods for the quality control of antidiabetic medications used in Brazil in the Unified Health System

O Diabetes Mellitus (DM) configura-se como uma epidemia mundial, traduzindo-se em um grave desafio para o sistema de saúde pública. Uma das medidas para a manutenção do nível glicêmico normal e redução da morbimortalidade decorrentes do DM consiste no uso de medicamentos antidiabéticos, como a glibenclamida (GLB) e a gliclazida (GLZ). Este trabalho objetivou o desenvolvimento de métodos analíticos inéditos, simples, rápidos, confiáveis e de baixo custo para a determinação espectrofotométrica do teor de GLB e de GLZ em formulações farmacêuticas. Testes qualitativos foram realizados a partir da reação da GLB e da GLZ com a Eosina (EOS). Observou-se a formação de compostos coloridos, opticamente estáveis com absorção máxima em 545 e 543 nm, respectivamente. Sob as condições experimentais otimizadas, curvas analíticas foram obtidas relacionando-se as concentrações de GLB e de GLZ com as absorbâncias equivalentes, contra os brancos de reagentes correspondentes. Os métodos propostos baseiam-se na formação de complexos binários, coloridos e altamente estáveis entre os fármacos investigados e a EOS. Quando aplicados para o doseamento de GLB e de GLZ contidas em amostras comerciais, os resultados obtidos mostraram que não houve diferenças significativas entre os métodos propostos e os métodos oficiais. A realização deste trabalho foi de suma importância, pois permitiu o desenvolvimento de métodos analíticos inéditos, precisos, exatos, confiáveis mais simples, rápidos, versáteis e com maior viabilidade econômica (baixo custo). Estes métodos apresentam potencial para utilização em análises de rotina para o controle de qualidade de fármacos antidiabéticos (GLB e GLZ) presentes em medicamentos consumidos no Brasil.

Diabetes Mellitus (DM) is a global epidemic, which represents a serious challenge for the public health system. One of the measures to maintain the normal glycemic level and reduce morbidity and mortality due to DM is the use of antidiabetic medicines such as glibenclamide (GLB) and gliclazide (GLZ). This work aimed at the development of unpublished, simple, fast, reliable and low cost analytical methods for the spectrophotometric determination of GLB and GLZ content in pharmaceutical formulations. Qualitative tests were performed from GLB and GLZ with Eosin (EOS). The formation of optically stable colored compounds with maximum absorption at 545 and 543 nm, respectively, was observed. Under optimized experimental conditions, analytical curves were obtained by relating the GLB and GLZ concentrations to the equivalent absorbances against the corresponding reagent blank. The proposed methods are based on the formation of binary, colored and highly stable complexes between investigated drugs and EOS. When applied to the GLB and GLZ assay contained in commercial samples, the results showed that there were no significant differences between the proposed methods and the official methods. The accomplishment of this work was of paramount importance, since it allowed the development of unpublished, precise, accurate, reliable, simpler, faster, more versatile analytical methods with greater economic feasibility (low cost). These methods can be used in routine analyzes for the quality control of antidiabetic drugs (GLB and GLZ) present in medicines consumed in Brazil.

Study Advances in the Analytical Methods for Teicoplanin / 中国药师

Teicoplanin is a kind of glycopeptide antibiotic extracted from actinomycetes after fermentation, which is mainly used for the treatment of multidrug-resistant gram-positive cocci infection. The domestic and overseas research literatures on the advances in the analytical methods for teicoplanin were consulted, reviewed and analyzed. The determination methods of teicoplanin mainly includ-ed in vivo and in vitro pharmaceutical analysis. The analytical methods involved high-performance liquid chromatography analysis, bio-assay determination, liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry analysis and micellar electrokinetic capillary chromatography, and a-mong them, HPLC technology was most commonly utilized in the determination of teicoplanin in biological samples and teicoplanin preparations. Much progress has been made in the analytical methods for teicoplanin, and further exploration of determination methods in vivo and in vitro will be beneficial to the quality control of the drug and guiding clinical rational administration.

Application of Nucleic Acid Aptamers in Polypeptides Researches / 分析化学

Polypeptides play a vital role in physiological processes of life. The pharmacological and medical value of polypeptides has attracted the attention of researchers in recent years. Aptamers are short, single stranded DNA or RNA which developed by an in vitro process called systematic evolution of ligands by exponential enrichment ( SELEX ) . Aptamers can bind targets with high affinity and specificity. Hence, aptamer is also called "chemical antibody" or "chemist's antibody". To date, there are two main application aspects for polypeptides-targeted aptamers. First, aptamer can be used as specific affinitive elements based on their ability of recognition, which would be applied to polypeptides detection or imaging. The other one is that aptamer can also be used as antagonists based on their ability of inhibiting, which can restrict the activity of polypeptides and block the downstream signaling pathways in vivo, thus can be used to treat the disease associated with polypeptides. In this review, we summarize the numbers of polypeptides-targeted aptamers and the related applications in vitro and in vivo. Current issues and development trends throughout the screening, characterizing and applying of polypeptides-targeted aptamers are also discussed.

Omics approaches in fish quality and safety / Procedimentos ômicos aplicados em qualidade e segurança de pescado

Omics is a new technology that uses genomics, proteomics, and metabolomics to investigate metabolites from foods. The global demand for fish has shown a progressive increase because it is a significant source of high quality protein, polyunsaturated fatty acids, especially omega-3, and essential minerals. However, there are barriers in the fishery production chain such as lack of standardization, knowledge, and technology transfer to industry. Moreover, fish effective monitoring is difficult due to restricted quality parameters and analytical methods determined by current Brazilian legislation. This review details the limiting chemical parameters and recent advances in analytical procedures for fish quality determination. To improve fish quality monitoring, total volatile basic nitrogen (TVB-N), trimethylamine (TMA), ammonia, pH, and biogenic amines values should be revised and established by fish category and/or type of fish product. On the other hand, protein carbonyl concentration, free fatty acids (FFAs), peroxide values (POV), and thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS) should be included in the national legislation. Simultaneously, the official authorities should take into account effective, practical, and low cost analytical methodologies, which lead to faster results in order to facilitate and enhance the quality control of the products from the fish production chain, ensuring the consumer's health. Moreover, analytical techniques for the identification of fish species must be introduced in the Brazilian legislation in order to avoid illegal substitutions and negative impacts to consumers.(AU)

Os procedimentos ômicos são uma nova tecnologia que utiliza a genômica, proteômica e metabolômica para avaliar metabólitos dos alimentos. A demanda mundial de pescado tem aumentado progressivamente devido à elevada qualidade de proteínas, minerais e ácidos graxos poli-insaturados, especialmente ômega-3. Todavia, a cadeia produtiva aquícola apresenta limitações como falta de padronização, ausência de conhecimento e transferência de tecnologia para as indústrias. Além disso, torna-se difícil garantir um monitoramento efetivo do pescado em decorrência das limitações dos parâmetros de qualidade atuais e dos métodos analíticos estabelecidos pela legislação nacional. O presente trabalho analisa os fatores limitantes relacionados aos parâmetros químicos, bem como os avanços recentes nos procedimentos analíticos, para determinação da qualidade do pescado. Levando-se em consideração a melhoria no controle de qualidade dessa matriz, os parâmetros de bases voláteis totais (BVT), trimetilamina (TMA), amônia, pH e aminas biogênicas deveriam ser revisados e estabelecidos por categorias de pescado e/ou por tipo de produto à base de pescado. Em contrapartida, parâmetros relacionados à concentração de carbonilas, ácidos graxos livres (AGLs), índice de peróxidos (IP) e malonaldeído (MDA) poderiam ser inseridos na legislação nacional. Simultaneamente, as autoridades oficiais devem levar em consideração metodologias analíticas que apresentem efetividade, praticidade, baixo custo e rapidez, facilitando e aprimorando o controle de qualidade de produtos de pescado e garantindo a saúde dos consumidores. Além disso, técnicas analíticas para identificação das espécies de peixes devem ser incluídas na legislação brasileira visando evitar substituições ilegais e impactos negativos aos consumidores.(AU)

Validación de una metodología analítica USP por HPLC para la cuantificación de warfarina sódica en tabletas / Validation of an analytical HPLC method for the quantification of warfarin sodium in tablets

La metodología analítica para la cuantificación de warfarina sódica en tabletas de 5 mg fue estandarizada y validada mediante cromatografía líquida de alta eficiencia acoplada a detector de arreglo de diodo (HPLC-DAD). Se usó como fase móvil una mezcla compuesta por MeOH-AcOH-H2O (68:1:32), una columna cromatográfica C8e Phenomenex® de 150 x 4,6 mm y tamaño de partícula de 5 μm. Los resultados analíticos muestran que el método es preciso, exacto y selectivo para este fármaco. La curva de calibración se realizó en un intervalo del 80 al 120%, en una concentración nominal de 0,1mg/mL, demostrando ser lineal con un coeficiente de correlación a r²> 0,990; el porcentaje de recuperación fue de 98,1% ± 1,3, la precisión medida a través de la repetibilidad y la precisión intermedia fue adecuada (%RSD<2). En la prueba de disolución se encontró un porcentaje de 92,3% ± 3.0. Por lo tanto, la metodología desarrollada cumple con las especificaciones establecida por la USP 38/ NF33.

The analytic methodology for the quantification of sodium warfarin tablets of 5 mg was standardized and validated by High Efficiency Liquid Chromatography coupled to Diode Array Detector (HPLC-DAD). A mixture of MeOH-AcOH-H2O (68:1:32) was used like mobil phase, a chromatographic column C8e Phenomenex® of 150x4.6 mm and a particle size of 5 μm. The analytic results show that the method is precise, accurate and selective for this drug. The calibration curve was performed in the range of 80 to 120% at a nominal concentration of 0.1 mg/mL, demonstrating to be linear with a correlation coefficient at r²> 0.990; recovery rate was 98.1% ± 1.3 and the precision measured through repeatability and intermediate accuracy was adequate (% RSD <2). A percent of 92.3% ± 3.0 was found in dissolution test, thus, the methodology developed complies with the specifications established by USP 38/NF33.

Validación de una metodología analítica para la cuantificación de polifenoles totales, en procesos de extracción asistida por microondas sobre frutos de la especie colombiana Vaccinium meridionale / Validation of an analytical method for quantification of total polyphenols in microwave-assisted extraction processes for the Colombian species Vaccinium meridionale

En este trabajo se muestra el desarrollo y la validación de un método analítico para la cuantificación de polifenoles totales con el reactivo de Folin-Ciocalteu (F-C),en procesos de extracción asistida por microondas (MAE), sobre frutos de la especie colombiana Vaccinium meridionale. Los resultados obtenidos en los parámetros selectividad, linealidad, repetibilidad y exactitud muestran que la metodología propuesta es confiable para evaluar el efecto de las condiciones de extracción sobre la cantidad de polifenoles removidos.

In this work, we show the development and validation of an analytical method for quantification of total polyphenols with Folin-Ciocalteu reagent (F-C) in microwave-assisted extraction processes for Colombian species Vaccinium meridionale. Experimental results of selectivity, linearity, repeatability and accuracy evidence that the methodology proposed is reliable to evaluate the effect of the extraction conditions over the quantity of polyphenols removed.

Compatibility of pre-filled syringes with pharmaceutical products / 中国药科大学学报

@#Pre-filled syringes are becoming increasingly popular for packaging and delivering system of pharmaceutical products. However, their compatibility with biotherapeutics needs to be carefully assessed. This review highlights and makes critically review on the extractables and leachables, the safety evaluation and analytical methods related to the compatibility study.