Prevalence of anti- "Mia" in blood donors and patients, Zhongshan city / 中国输血杂志

【Objective】 To understand the frequency and significance of anti-" Mia" (anti-" Mia" mixtures of antibodies) in local population in Zhongshan, and the influence of different experimental conditions on the activity of human anti-" Mia" . 【Methods】 The microplate-based agglutination assay and polybrene method were used to screen anti-" Mia" in 3 587 blood samples from voluntary blood donors and patients using O type red blood cells with positive Mia antigen, then.rechecked by tube method and microcolumn gel card method. 【Results】 The frequency of anti-" Mia" was 1.06% (38/3 587), among which 60.5% (23/38) were IgM and 39.5% (15/38) were mixture of IgM and IgG; 0.61% (13/2 135) in local blood donors and 1.72% (25/1 452) in patients(P<0.01). 65.8% (25/38) of the population carrying anti-" Mia" had a history of immunity. 57.9% (22/38) were identified to be anti-" Mur" and 42.1% (16/38) anti-" Mia" using GP.Vw erythrocyte. The appropriate incubation time for anti-" Mia" test was 10 min. 【Conclusion】 The frequency of anti-" Mia" was relatively high among blood donors and patients in Zhongshan, and most of the anti-" Mia" carriers had a history of immunity. Most anti-Mia antibodies were active in saline, and some of them were mixture of IgM and IgG. It may be helpful to include Mia positive red blood cells in the irregular antibody screening cell panel to improve the safety of blood transfusion.

Prevalence and Specificity of Unexpected Antibody Using Antibody Screening Test Including Dia and Mia Cells / 대한진단검사의학회지

BACKGROUND: The purpose of this study was to examine the prevalence and distribution of unexpected antibodies detected in the Korean population with race-specific RBC panel cells. In spite of a relatively high prevalence of Dia and Mia antigen phenotype in the Korean and Southeast Asian population, there has been little documented research on the prevalence and clinical significance of anti-Dia and anti-Mia in Korea. METHODS: We analyzed the results of 17, 664 antibody screening tests performed during the recent 30-month period from March 2001 to September 2003. Antibodies were screened and identified by using LISS/Coombs gel card with DiaMed-ID system (DiaMed AG, Cressier, Morat, Switzerland) including Dia and Mia panel cells. RESULTS: The prevalence of unexpected antibodies was 1.2% (214/17, 664); antibodies detected most frequently were anti-Rh (74 patients), followed by anti-Lewis (21 patients) and anti-Dia (15 patients). Out of 6, 345 patients, anti-Mia was detected in three patients (0.047%). Anti-Dia and anti-Mia had the specificity of IgG. Anti-Dia was thought as an immune-mediated antibody, whereas anti-Mia was considered as a mixed type with immune and natural antibodies. CONCLUSIONS: This study shows that anti-Dia and anti-Mia antibodies are detected frequently in the Korean population; hence, it seems that Dia and Mia panel cells should be incorporated into antibody screening panels in Korea for safe transfusion.

A case of Hemolytic Disease of the Newborn due to Anti-Mi a Antibody / 대한수혈학회지

We report a case of hemolytic disease of the newborn caused by anti-Mia (Miltenberger) antibody. Full term male infant was admitted due to hyperbilirubinemia on second day of life. Total serum bilirubin level was 8.6 mg/dL at 12 hours of age and 12.3 mg/dL at 24 hours of age. The blood group of patient and his mother were both RhD positive B type. Direct antiglobulin test was strongly positive in the patient, and testing of maternal serum and patient's serum against a red cell panel including cells known to carry the antigenic determinants of some Miltenberger phenotypes revealed the presence of anti-Mia . Testing of paternal red cells and patient's red cell against anti-Mia serum revealed positive reaction. This report documents the first case of hemolytic disease of the newborn due to anti-Mi a in Korea.

Naturally-occurring Anti-Mia(a) in a 16-year-old Korean Man: A Case Study and a Review of the Literature / 대한진단검사의학회지

We report a case of naturally-occurring anti-Miltenberger (anti-Mia(a)) antibody in a 16-year-old man who had never been transfused before. During an operation for a trauma he received 2 units of packed red blood cells. He was negative on an antibody screening test, but positive a week after the surgery when an extended screening test was conducted using blood cells positive for Miltenberger III (Mi.III) phenotype. The Mi.III phenotype is a low incidence antigen among Caucasians, however, it is reported to be relatively high in incidence among people in South-East Asia. Anti-Mia(a) antibodies are clinically significant antibodies that cause hemolytic transfusion reactions (HTRs) and hemolytic disease of the newborns (HDNs). In addition, anti-Mia(a) has a high rate of incidence among Thais, Taiwanese, and Hong Kong Chinese. There has been no particular report on Koreans regarding the incidence of this antibody, it would therefore require further research on the Mi.III phenotype and anti-Mia(a).