Prostatic FNAC, Evaluation as a Diagnostic Tool and Correlation with Serum Prostate Specific Antigen.

BACKGROUND For proper diagnosis of prostatic diseases there are many investigations starting from per rectal examination, transurethral cystoscopy, fine needle aspiration cytology, six quadrants core biopsy, serum enzymes estimation like prostate specific antigen and acid phosphatase and ultrasound examination. Out of these, only FNAC and core biopsy prostatic tissue can be examined for final diagnosis. For examination of core biopsy, a complete histopathology set up is required with a trained technician but FNAC is a simple outpatient procedure where no trained technician is required. It requires only few reagents and a qualified pathologist. Since geriatric population is increasing day by day and prostatic adenocarcinoma is now second commonest malignancy in males, diagnosis is very important to reduce morbidity and mortality caused by this disease.METHODSThe study group consisted of 40 patients who presented with symptoms of obstructive uropathy and on DRE (Direct Rectal Examination) had prostatic enlargement. FNAC was done with Franzen canula using non aspiration technique and serum PSA was done by ELISA method. RESULTSAll the patients in our study were above 50 yrs. of age. Out of 40 cases 5 cases were of prostatitis they were mostly bellow 70 yrs. of age. 10 BHP and 25 prostatic adenocarcinomas. The carcinoma cases were almost all above the age of 70 yrs. BHP and carcinoma cases were correlated with histopathology whereas prostatitis cases were followed up clinically. Our sensitivity for benign lesion was 100% and for malignancy 92%. The serum PSA was up to 6.8 ng/ml in benign conditions and above 10 ng/ml in adenocarcinomas.CONCLUSIONSFNAC prostate is very sensitive and reliable diagnostic tool. It is painless OPD procedure without complications and can be done easily in any small setup, where facility of histopathology is not available. The procedure is well accepted by geriatric population due to its simplicity and being a painless OPD procedure. Serum PSA cannot be used as screening test for prostatic carcinoma but can be used for prognostic indicator.

Protective Effect and Mechanism of Tetramethylpyrazine Against t-BHP-induced PC12 Cell Injury / 中国实验方剂学杂志

Objective:To study the protective effect of tetramethylpyrazine (TMP) on PC12 cells induced by tert-butyl hydroperoxide (t-BHP) and the regulatory mechanism on signaling pathway of phosphatidylinositol-3-kinases (PI3K)/kinase B (Akt)/mammalian target of rapamycin(mTOR). Method:PC12 cells cultured in vitro were treated with t-BHP (200 μmol·L-1) for 6 h to establish a model of oxidative damage in PC12 cells. The experiment was divided into blank group, model group (200 μmol·L-1t-BHP), TMP group. PC12 cells were pretreated with TMP(25, 50, 100 μmol·L-1) for 12 h, and then treated with t-BHP for 6 h. The cell viability was detected by cell counting kit-8(CCK-8) method, and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) leakage, malondialdehyde (MDA) content, superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity, reactive oxygen species (ROS) and glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) activity were detected by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Apoptosis was observed by annexin V-FITC/PI double staining. B-cell lymphoma-2 (Bcl-2), Bcl-2-associated X protein (Bax), total protein kinase B (Akt), and phosphorylated protein kinase B (p-Akt), mTOR and p-mTOR expressions were detected by Western blot. Result:The cell viability of PC12 cells treated with 200 μmol·L-1 t-BHP decreased to about 50%after 6 h. This condition was suitable for the establishment of oxidative damage model. Compared with the model group, TMP (25, 50, 100 μmol·L-1) pretreatment for 12 h significantly increased the survival rate of PC12 cells (PPPPPPP-1) pretreatment group increased significantly (PConclusion:Ligustrazine protects PC12 cell injury induced by t-BHP by activating PI3K/Akt/mTOR signaling pathway.

Efficacy and Tolerability of Tamsulosin Alone and in Combination with Dutasteride in Patients of Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia.

The present prospective randomized study was conducted to find out efficacy and tolerability of tamsulosin alone (0.4mg) and tamsulosin (0.4mg) in combination with dutasteride (0.5mg) in patients of BHP. Two groups of 20 patients each received either of the regimes for 24 weeks. Both groups were evaluated for uroflowmetric, ultrasonography and AUASS parameters. Both regimes caused significant increase in Qmax, Qave, voided volume and concomitant decrease in voiding time, flow time and time to peak flow(P<0.0001). Ultrasonographically assessed prostate volume and residual urine volume decreased significantly with combination group, whereas only residual urine volume was decreased in tamsulosin group. Both groups caused improved AUASS (P<0.0001).Combination group produced more improvement than tamsulosin alone on Qmax, Qave and flow time (P<0.05) and decrease in prostate volume (P<0.001). Both regimes were well tolerated.The combination appears to have an additive effect.

Antioxidant effect of hydralazine on retinal pigment epithelial cells and its potential use in the therapy of age-related macular degeneration / 国际眼科杂志(Guoji Yanke Zazhi)

AIM: To investigate the antioxidant effect of hydralazine under hypoxia-induced damage on retinal pigment epithelial (ARPE-19) cells and the role of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in this effect.METHODS: Human retinal pigment epithelial (hRPE) cells were used to investigate the effect of hydralazine on oxidative stress, including tert-butyl hydroxyperoxide (t-BHP), H2O2, sodium azide (NaN3), and hypoxia induced cell damage. Cell viability was determined by MTT assay.RESULTS: When ARPE-19 cells were treated with oxidative stress induced by ROS, hydralazine showed concentration-dependent protection against t-BHP, H2O2 and hypoxia induced cell damage but not NaN3. Nitric oxide (NO) was not involved in this effect.CONCLUSION: Hydralazine showed antioxidant potential against oxidative stress induced damage in ARPE-19 cells. These effects might be caused through scavenger of ROS. Thus, hydralazine could be used for the treatment of age-related macular degeneration (AMD).

Application of BHP9504 fluorescent analytic instrument / 医疗卫生装备

Objective To introduce the clinical application of BHP9504 fluorescent analytic instrument.Methods The chemical immunofluorescent test was used in high-precision,high-stability photo-signal test by photon counting technology.Results Photo-signal test could examine strong photo-signals in dark background so that it was able to improve sensitivity of experiments.Conclusion This technique widens the range of application and reduces specimen amount.

Protective effect of propofol on tert-butyl hydroperoxide-induced apoptosis in cultured rat cardiomyocytes / 中国药理学通报

Aim To investigate the protective effects of propofol against tert-butyl hydroperoxide(t-BHP)-induced oxidative injury in cultured rat cardiomyocytes and the possible mechanism.Methods Primary cultured neonatal rat cardiomyocytes was performed.Cultured cardiomyocytes were divided into five groups: control group,t-BHP group,and propofol 1,10,30 ?mol?L-1 group.Cellular Superoxide dismutase(SOD) activity,glutathione(GSH) and malonaldehyde(MDA) content were measured by colorimetric assay.Mitochondrial activity was determined by methylthiazolyl tetrazolium(MTT) test.The mitochondrial membrane potential(??m) was analyzed by Rhodamine123 staining and flow cytometry.The apoptosis of cardiomyocytes was detected by flow cytometry(FCM).The expression of caspase-3 was determined by Western blot.Results Compared with the control group,the MDA content significantly increased in t-BHP-treated group(P

Effects of Pilose Antler on Lipid Peroxidation and Antioxidative Enzymes in Cultured Liver Cells / 대한면역학회지

No abstract available.