Centralidade do trabalho e saúde mental / Centrality of work for mental health

Partindo da noção de trabalho vivo, Christophe Dejours apresenta a tese da centralidade do trabalho para a subjetividade e a saúde mental. Para tanto, traz à baila a discussão sobre: a atividade, a insuficiência da tarefa e a experiência de fracasso diante do real; bem como a inteligência do corpo e a afetividade, marcando sua transformação à medida que realiza a atividade, em uma relação dinâmica entre o corpo, a subjetividade e a atividade. Não sendo o trabalho algo solipsista, tais elementos se entrecruzam em meio a outrem, o que requisita a cooperação e os aspectos complexos da formulação de regras para a própria atividade e demanda a confiança, a deliberação coletiva. É nesse coletivo, no viver juntos, que pode ocorrer o reconhecimento que, realizado sobre o que é feito, permite a realização de si no campo social, voltando-se para quem o faz, para uma identidade, que é o que protege a saúde mental. Na ausência da convivialidade e reconhecimento, o trabalho produz sofrimento patógeno. Desse modo, Dejours demonstra que nunca há neutralidade do trabalho no que diz respeito à subjetividade e à identidade, possibilitando a realização de si ou sua destruição

Based on the notion of living work, Christophe Dejours presents the thesis of the centrality of work for subjectivity and mental health. To do so, he discusses activity, the insufficiency of the task, the experience of failure in the face of reality, and the intelligence of the body and affectivity, marking its transformation as it performs the activity in a dynamic relationship between the body, subjectivity, and the activity. Rather than configuring a solipsistic text, such elements intersect each other, requiring cooperation and the complex aspects of formulating rules for the activity itself, which requires trust and collective deliberation. It is in this collective, in living together, that recognition can occur, which , based on what is done, enables self-realization in the social field, turning to those who do it and to an identity, which is what protects mental health. In the absence of conviviality and recognition, work produces pathogenic suffering. Thus, the author shows that work is never neutral toward subjectivity and identity, enabling self-realization or its own destruction

Changes and predictive value of degree centrality in patients with narcolepsy type 1 based on resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging / 中华神经科杂志

Objective:To investigate the abnormal changes of the nodal centrality of the whole-brain network in patients with narcolepsy type 1 (NT1) through the degree centrality (DC) technique of resting-state magnetic resonance and the predictive value for NT1.Methods:From September 2019 to November 2021, 18 NT1 patients who were first diagnosed and never accepted managements and 18 age-, sex-matched healthy controls recruited by advertisement in the Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University were required for resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging scans and clinical scale assessment, including Epworth Sleepiness Scale (ESS), Self-rating Anxiety Scale, Self-rating Depression Scale, Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index, Insomnia Severity Scale and Multidimensional Fatigue Inventory-20 (MFI-20). The differences in DC values between the NT1 patients and healthy controls were analyzed using the DC method. Then, the correlation between DC values in differential brain regions and clinical characteristics of NT1 was explored through Pearson correlation analysis. The receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis was used to evaluate the predictive value of the DC values in the differential brain regions for NT1 patients.Results:Compared with the healthy controls, the DC value of the right superior temporal gyrus was increased, while the DC values of the bilateral middle frontal gyrus and the right precuneus were decreased in the NT1 patients (all P<0.05, Gaussian random-field correction). The DC value of the right superior temporal gyrus in the NT1 patients was positively correlated with the ESS score ( r=0.82, P<0.001) and MFI-20 score ( r=0.48, P=0.040). The DC value of the right middle frontal gyrus was positively correlated with the disease course ( r=0.51, P=0.032). The ROC curve showed that the area under the curve of NT1 predicted by the DC value of the right superior temporal gyrus was 0.95. And the areas under the curve of non-NT1 predicted by the DC values of the left middle frontal gyrus, right middle frontal gyrus, and right precuneus were 0.86, 0.84 and 0.87, respectively. Conclusions:NT1 patients have abnormal resting-state DC in the default network, executive network core brain regions, and superior temporal gyrus. And the DC value in the right superior temporal gyrus may be a potential biomarker of NT1 patients.

Effect of transcutaneous auricular vagus nerve stimulation on functional connectivity in the related brain regions of patients with depression based on the resting-state fMRI / 中国针灸

OBJECTIVE@#To explore the brain effect mechanism and the correlation between brain functional imaging and cognitive function in treatment of depressive disorder (DD) with transcutaneous auricular vagus nerve stimulation (taVNS) based on the resting-state functional magenetic reasonance imaging (rs-fMRI).@*METHODS@#Thirty-two DD patients were included in a depression group and 32 subjects of healthy condition were enrolled in a normal group. In the depression group, the taVNS was applied to bilateral Xin (CO15) and Shen (CO10), at disperse-dense wave, 4 Hz/20 Hz in frequency and current intensity ≤20 mA depending on patient's tolerance, 30 min each time, twice daily. The duration of treatment consisted of 8 weeks. The patients of two groups were undertaken rs-fMRI scanning. The scores of Hamilton depression scale (HAMD), Hamilton anxiety scale (HAMA) and Wisconsin card sorting test (WCST) were observed in the normal group at baseline and the depression group before and after treatment separately. The differential brain regions were observed before and after treatment in the two groups and the value of degree centrality (DC) of fMRI was obtained. Their correlation was analyzed in terms of HAMD, HAMA and WCST scores.@*RESULTS@#The scores of HAMD and HAMA in the depression group were all higher than those in the normal group (P<0.05). After treatment, the scores of HAMD and HAMA were lower than those before treatment in the depression group; the scores of total responses, response errors and perseverative errors of WCST were all lower than those before treatment (P<0.05). The brain regions with significant differences included the left inferior temporal gyrus, the left cerebellar peduncles region 1, the left insula, the right putamen, the bilateral supplementary motor area and the right middle frontal gyrus. After treatment, the value of DC in left supplementary motor area was negatively correlated to HAMD and HAMA scores respectively (r=-0.324, P=0.012; r=-0.310, P=0.015); the value of DC in left cerebellar peduncles region 1 was negatively correlated to the total responses of WCST (r=-0.322, P=0.013), and the left insula was positively correlated to the total responses of WCST (r=0.271, P=0.036).@*CONCLUSION@#The taVNS can modulate the intensity of the functional activities of some brain regions so as to relieve depressive symptoms and improve cognitive function.

Modeling functional network topology following stroke through graph theory: functional reorganization and motor recovery prediction

The study of functional reorganization following stroke has been steadily growing supported by advances in neuroimaging techniques, such as functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI). Concomitantly, graph theory has been increasingly employed in neuroscience to model the brain's functional connectivity (FC) and to investigate it in a variety of contexts. The aims of this study were: 1) to investigate the reorganization of network topology in the ipsilesional (IL) and contralesional (CL) hemispheres of stroke patients with (motor stroke group) and without (control stroke group) motor impairment, and 2) to predict motor recovery through the relationship between local topological variations of the functional network and increased motor function. We modeled the brain's FC as a graph using fMRI data, and we characterized its interactions with the following graph metrics: degree, clustering coefficient, characteristic path length, and betweenness centrality (BC). For both patient groups, BC yielded the largest variations between the two analyzed time points, especially in the motor stroke group. This group presented significant correlations (P<0.05) between average BC changes and the improvements in upper-extremity Fugl-Meyer (UE-FM) scores at the primary sensorimotor cortex and the supplementary motor area for the CL hemisphere. These regions participate in processes related to the selection, planning, and execution of movement. Generally, higher increases in average BC over these areas were related to larger improvements in UE-FM assessment. Although the sample was small, these results suggest the possibility of using BC as an indication of brain plasticity mechanisms following stroke.

Frequency-Resolved Connectome Hubs and Their Test-Retest Reliability in the Resting Human Brain / 神经科学通报·英文版

Functional hubs with disproportionately extensive connectivities play a crucial role in global information integration in human brain networks. However, most resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging (R-fMRI) studies have identified functional hubs by examining spontaneous fluctuations of the blood oxygen level-dependent signal within a typical low-frequency band (e.g., 0.01-0.08 Hz or 0.01-0.1 Hz). Little is known about how the spatial distributions of functional hubs depend on frequency bands of interest. Here, we used repeatedly measured R-fMRI data from 53 healthy young adults and a degree centrality analysis to identify voxelwise frequency-resolved functional hubs and further examined their test-retest reliability across two sessions. We showed that a wide-range frequency band (0.01-0.24 Hz) accessible with a typical sampling rate (fsample = 0.5 Hz) could be classified into three frequency bands with distinct patterns, namely, low-frequency (LF, 0.01-0.06 Hz), middle-frequency (MF, 0.06-0.16 Hz), and high-frequency (HF, 0.16-0.24 Hz) bands. The functional hubs were mainly located in the medial and lateral frontal and parietal cortices in the LF band, and in the medial prefrontal cortex, superior temporal gyrus, parahippocampal gyrus, amygdala, and several cerebellar regions in the MF and HF bands. These hub regions exhibited fair to good test-retest reliability, regardless of the frequency band. The presence of the three frequency bands was well replicated using an independent R-fMRI dataset from 45 healthy young adults. Our findings demonstrate reliable frequency-resolved functional connectivity hubs in three categories, thus providing insights into the frequency-specific connectome organization in healthy and disordered brains.

Effects of acute and chronic trauma on degree centrality of brain functional images in patients with post-traumatic stress disorder who lost their only child / 中华行为医学与脑科学杂志

Objective:To investigate the effects and significance of acute and chronic trauma on brain degree centrality (DC) in patients with post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) who lost their only child at resting state.Methods:Retrospectively, the study enrolled a total of 51 parents with PTSD, including 35 PTSD parents whose children was lost in emergencies (acute bereaved PTSD group) and 16 PTSD parents whose children was lost of chronic causes such as diseases (chronic bereaved PTSD group). Fifty local adults were also included as healthy controls (HC group). The clinical administered PTSD scale(CAPS) was used to evaluate the severity of the subjects' clinical symptoms.Resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging(fMRI) data of all subjects were collected and DC values were calculated.SPSS 22.0 software was used for statistical analysis.Covariance analysis was performed among three groups, while post hoc was performed between any two groups.What's more, correlation analyses were utilized between abnormal brain regions and the scores of CAPS.Results:Significant group effects were found in multiple regions, including the right inferior temporal gyrus (MNI: x, y, z=66, -27, -21), right temporal pole (MNI: x, y, z=54, 15, -9), right orbital inferior frontal gyrus (MNI: x, y, z=42, 21, -15), bilateral medial superior frontal gyri (MNI: right x, y, z=6, 63, 12; left x, y, z=-3, 60, 18), left inferior parietal angular gyrus (MNI: x, y, z=-45, -36, 51) and left postcentral gyrus (MNI: x, y, z=-45, -33, 51). Compared with HC group, the DC of two patient groups increased in the right inferior temporal gyrus (MNI: acute x, y, z=63, -27, -21; chronic x, y, z=63, -21, -27); the DC of acute bereaved PTSD group decreased in the right temporal pole (MNI: x, y, z=45, 21, -15) and the right orbital inferior frontal gyrus (MNI: x, y, z=48, 24, -12), while the DC of chronic bereaved PTSD group decreased in the left inferior parietal angular gyrus (MNI: x, y, z=-45, -36, 51) and left postcentral gyrus (MNI: x, y, z=-45, -33, 51). Compared with chronic bereaved PTSD group, the DC of acute bereaved PTSD group increased in the left inferior parietal angular gyrus (MNI: x, y, z=-33, -39, 42) and left postcentral gyrus (MNI: x, y, z=-45, -33, 51), while decreased in the right temporal pole (MNI: x, y, z=51, 12, -9), right orbital inferior frontal gyrus (MNI: x, y, z=42, 21, -15) and bilateral medial superior frontal gyri (MNI: left x, y, z=0, 57, 15; right x, y, z=3, 57, 15). In chronic bereaved PTSD group, the DC of the left postcentral gyrus was negatively correlated with C1 (avoid trauma-related thoughts, feelings) score in CAPS ( r=-0.606, P=0.028). In acute bereaved PTSD group, the DC of the left medial superior frontal gyrus was negatively correlated with D4 (high vigilance) score ( r=-0.416, P=0.020). Conclusion:There exist functional abnormalities of multiple brain regions in acute and chronic bereaved parents with PTSD.The high arousal symptoms of the former may be related with the abnormalities of prefrontal-amygdala neural circuit, while the latter show higher avoidance which may be associated with the dysfunction of somatosensory brain regions such as postcentral gyrus.

Movimentos pendulares e integração regional no leste fluminense / Commuting and regional integration in eastern Rio de Janeiro / Movilidad circular e integración regional en el este de Río de Janeiro

A pendularidade é uma importante medida para avaliar os processos de integração das cidades e a dinâmica populacional regional. Em 2015, o IBGE identificou a intensificação dos movimentos pendulares entre os municípios do leste fluminense, de Arraial do Cabo a São João da Barra, considerando-os aspectos relevantes da urbanização brasileira. Contudo, pouco se sabe sobre o peso da pendularidade entre esses municípios e o nível de interação que eles estabelecem com Macaé, principal destino dos pendulares na região. Esse trabalho analisa o grau de integração regional do vetor leste fluminense, a partir dos dados censitários de 2000 e 2010. A pendularidade por trabalho e/ou estudo observada em Macaé o coloca em posição de destaque entre os municípios selecionados. Afirmamos, portanto, que Macaé não é apenas uma cidade em movimento, mas também um município potencialmente integrador do mercado de trabalho das demais municipalidades da região. É em torno desse município que o tecido urbano regional tem se reorganizado. Esse estudo pode iluminar novas discussões sobre os processos recentes de urbanização no estado do Rio de Janeiro, sobretudo por se tratar de uma região demograficamente integrada, mas politicamente fragmentada.

Commuting is an important measure to assess cities' integration processes and regional population dynamics. In 2015, IBGE identified an intensification of the movement of people between the municipalities in eastern Rio de Janeiro, from Arraial do Cabo to São João da Barra, considering them relevant aspects of Brazilian urbanization. However, little is known about the weight of commuting between these municipalities, the levels of connections between them and the interaction between these municipalities and Macaé, the main destination of commuters in the area. This work analyzes the extent of regional integration of the eastern Rio de Janeiro vector from the 2000 and 2010 census data. The commuting due to work and/or study observed in Macaé places the municipality in a prominent position among the selected municipalities. We affirm that Macaé is not just a moving city, but a municipality that potentially integrates the labor market of other municipalities in the region. This study may illuminate new discussions about the recent urbanization processes in the state of Rio de Janeiro, mainly because it is a region demographically integrated, but politically fragmented.

La movilidad circular es una medida importante para evaluar los procesos de integración de las ciudades y la dinámica regional de la población. En 2015, el IBGE identificó una intensificación del movimiento de personas entre los municipios del este de Río de Janeiro, considerándolo un aspecto relevante de la urbanización brasileña. Sin embargo, se sabe poco sobre el peso de la movilidad entre estos municipios, el nivel de conexiones entre ellos y el nivel de interacción entre estos municipios y Macaé, el principal destino de quienes se movilizan circularmente en la región. Este trabajo analiza el grado de integración regional del vector fluminense oriental basado en los datos de los censos de 2000 y de 2010. La movilidad para el trabajo o el estudio observada en Macaé coloca al municipio en una posición prominente entre los municipios seleccionados. Por lo tanto, afirmamos que Macaé no es solo una ciudad en movimiento, sino un municipio que potencialmente integra el mercado laboral de otros municipios de la región. Es alrededor de este municipio que el tejido urbano regional se ha reorganizado. Este estudio puede iluminar nuevas discusiones sobre los recientes procesos de urbanización en el estado de Río de Janeiro, principalmente porque es una región demográficamente integrada, pero políticamente fragmentada.

Habitat and community structure modulate fish interactions in a neotropical clearwater river

Species interactions can modulate the diversity and enhance the stability of biological communities in aquatic ecosystems. Despite previous efforts to describe fish interactions in tropical rivers, the role of habitat characteristics, community structure, and trophic traits over these interactions is still poorly understood. To investigate among-habitat variation in substratum feeding pressure and agonistic interactions between fishes, we used remote underwater videos in three habitats of a clearwater river in the Central Western, Brazil. We also performed visual surveys to estimate the abundance and biomass of fishes and proposed a trophic classification to understand how these variables can affect fish interactions. Community structure was the main factor affecting the variation in the interactions among the habitats. Biomass was the main variable determining which habitat a fish will feed on, while species abundance determined with how many other species it will interact in the agonistic interaction networks for each habitat. Specific habitats are not only occupied, but also used in distinct ways by the fish community. Overall, our results demonstrate the importance of the heterogeneity of habitats in tropical rivers for the interactions performed by the fishes and how the intensity of these interactions is affected by community structure.(AU)

Interações realizadas por peixes podem modular a diversidade e assegurar a estabilidade de comunidades em rios tropicais. Apesar dessa importância, poucos estudos relacionam as interações ecológicas com as características do habitat, estrutura da comunidade e atributos das espécies de peixes. Por meio de filmagens remotas subaquáticas nós verificamos como a pressão alimentar dos peixes sobre a comunidade bentônica e as interações agonísticas entre peixes são influenciadas por essas características do habitat e da comunidade em um rio tropical de água clara na região Centro-Oeste do Brasil. Também realizamos censos visuais para estimar a abundância e a biomassa dos peixes e propusemos uma classificação funcional para entender como essas variáveis podem afetar as interações dos peixes. A estrutura da comunidade foi o principal fator que afetou a variação nas interações entre os habitats. A biomassa dos peixes determinou em qual hábitat um peixe se alimentará, enquanto a abundância das espécies determinou com quantas outras espécies elas interagem nas redes de interações agonísticas de cada habitat. Habitats específicos não são apenas ocupados, mas também utilizados de maneiras distintas pela comunidade de peixes. Nossos resultados demonstram a importância da heterogeneidade de habitats para as interações realizadas pelos peixes em rios tropicais e como a intensidade dessas interações é afetada pela estrutura da comunidade.(AU)

La violencia de la guerra: estrés postraumático, centralidad del evento, soledad y apoyo social / The violence of war: post-traumatic stress, centrality of the event, loneliness and social support

El presente artículo se propone realizar una revisión de aquellos trabajos que hayan conceptualizado y estudiado los constructos de Estrés Postraumático, Centralidad del Evento, Soledad y Apoyo Social principalmente en los contextos de guerra. Se intentará comprender las relaciones que se han establecido entre las diferentes variables a través de sus antecedentes, comprobando si la Centralidad del Evento, la Soledad y el Apoyo Social son variables que median el desarrollo de sintomatología de TEPT(AU)

This article proposes a review of those works that have conceptualized and studied the constructs of Post-Traumatic Stress, Centrality of the Event, Loneliness and Social Support mainly in the contexts of war. An attempt will be made to understand the relationships that have been established between the different variables through their background, checking whether the Centrality of the Event, Loneliness and Social Support are variables that mediate the development of PTSD symptoms(AU)

Medindo o crescimento proveniente do enfrentamento de situações adversas: a influência da centralidade da memória autobiográfica / Measuring growth through adversity: the influence of the autobiographical memory centrality / Midiendo el crecimiento proveniente del enfrentamiento de situaciones adversas: influencia de la centralidad de la memoria autobiográfica

O crescimento pós-traumático (CPT) refere-se à mudança positiva em algum aspecto da experiência humana como resultado do enfrentamento de situações adversas. O presente trabalho investigou se as evidências de validade externa do Inventário de Crescimento PósTraumático (PTGI) são mais consistentes quando se compara os resultados de um subgrupo que pontuou alto na Escala de Centralidade de Eventos (ECE) com os de um subgrupo que pontuou baixo. A ECE avalia em que medida o evento de referência contribuiu na formação da identidade dos indivíduos. Participaram do estudo 317 indivíduos que passaram por situações adversas variadas. As correlações entre CPT e suporte social, sentido de vida, satisfação com a vida, religiosidade e desajuste psicológico apresentaram maior magnitude e coerência no subgrupo pontuou alto na ECE. Os resultados fortalecem a concepção de que apenas eventos que levam a uma reavaliação das crenças centrais dos indivíduos devem ser incluídos nos estudos de CPT.

Posttraumatic growth (PTG) is the experience of positive change that occurs as a result of facing highly challenging adverse situations. The present work investigated whether the external validity evidence of the Post Traumatic Growth Inventory (PTGI) is more consistent when considering the events in which individuals scored high on the Centrality of Events Scale (CES) versus events in which individuals scored low. The CES assesses to what extent the reference event contributed to the formation of individuals' identity. Participated in the study 317 individuals who had been through a variety of adverse events. The correlations between PTGI scores and social support, meaning in life, life satisfaction, religiosity, and psychological distress became larger and more coherent in the subgroup that scored high in ECE. The results corroborate the conception that only events that lead to a reassessment of individuals' central beliefs should be included in the PTG studies.

Crecimiento postraumático (CPT) se refiere al cambio positivo en algún aspecto de la experiencia humana como resultado del enfrentamiento de situaciones adversas. Este trabajo investigó si las evidencias de validez externa del Inventario de Crecimiento PostTraumático (PTGI) son más consistentes cuando se compara los resultados de un subgrupo punteado alto en la Escala de Centralidad de Eventos (ECE) con los de un que punteaba bajo. La ECE evalúa en qué medida el evento de referencia contribuyó en la formación de la identidad de los individuos. Participaron del estudio 317 individuos que pasaron por situaciones adversas variadas. Las correlaciones entre CPT y las demás variables de interés presentaron mayor magnitud y coherencia en el subgrupo puntuó alto en la ECE. Los resultados fortalecen la concepción de que sólo los eventos que conducen a una reevaluación de las creencias centrales deben ser incluidos en los estudios de CPT.

A Social Network Analysis of Research Key Words Related Smoke Cessation in South Korea / 보건행정학회지

BACKGROUND: The purpose of this study is supposed to figure out the keyword network from 2009 to 2018 with social network analysis and provide the research data that can help the Korea government's policy making on smoking cessation. METHODS: First, frequency analysis on the keyword was performed. After, in this study, I applied three classic centrality measures (degree centrality, betweenness centrality, and eigenvector centrality) with R 3.5.1. Moreover, I visualized the results as the word cloud and keyword network. RESULTS: As a result of network analysis, ‘smoking’ and ‘smoking cessation’ were key words with high frequency, high degree centrality, and betweenness centrality. As a result of looking at trends in keyword, many study had been done on the keyword ‘secondhand smoke’ and ‘adolescent’ from 2009 to 2013, and ‘cigarette graphic warning’ and ‘electronic cigarette’ from 2014 to 2018. CONCLUSION: This study contributes to understand trends on smoking cessation study and seek further study with the keyword network analysis.

Estratégias de conciliação trabalho-família de professores universitários em uma capital do Nordeste brasileiro / Work-family conciliation strategies for university professors in a Brazilian Northeast capital / Estrategias de conciliación trabajo-familia para profesores universitarios en una capital del noreste brasileño

O objetivo deste estudo foi investigar estratégias de conciliação trabalho-família adotadas por professores universitários em uma capital do Nordeste brasileiro, associando-as à centralidade atribuída ao trabalho. Participaram da pesquisa 168 professores localizados na cidade de Natal, no Rio Grande do Norte. As informações foram coletadas por meio da aplicação on-line de um instrumento sobre estratégias de conciliação, semanticamente adaptado para a realidade brasileira, e de uma escala de centralidade do trabalho. Os dados foram analisados por meio de técnicas multivariadas e associação entre médias. Os resultados indicam que as cinco estratégias de conciliação previstas no modelo original da escala se mantêm empiricamente com estes participantes. O fator apoio emocional destaca-se como o mais importante, levando-se em conta a análise de médias. A centralidade do trabalho mostrou-se relacionada apenas com o fator apoio emocional. O artigo sugere que tal achado faz sentido teórico, na medida em que estratégias de conciliação implicam na interconexão entre as esferas trabalho-família.

This study aims to investigate work-family conciliation strategies adopted by university professors in a capital city of Northeast Brazil, associating this with the centrality attributed to work. In total, 168 professors participated in the study located in the city of Natal, in Rio Grande do Norte. Information was collected through the online application of an instrument on conciliation strategies, adapted semantically to the Brazilian reality, and a centrality of work scale. Data were analyzed using multivariate techniques and association between means. Results indicated that the five conciliation strategies foreseen in the original model of the scale are maintained empirically with these participants. The emotional support factor stands out as the most important, considering the analysis of means. Centrality of work proved to be related only with the emotional support factor. This paper suggests that this finding makes theoretical sense, insofar as conciliation strategies imply the interconnection between the work-family spheres.

El objetivo de este estudio fue investigar estrategias de conciliación trabajo-familia adoptadas por profesores universitarios en una capital del nordeste brasileño, asociándola con la centralidad asignada al trabajo. Participaron de la investigación 168 profesores ubicados en la ciudad de Natal, en Rio Grande do Norte. Las informaciones fueron recolectadas por medio de la aplicación online de un instrumento sobre estrategias de conciliación, semánticamente adaptado a la realidad brasileña, y una escala de centralidad del trabajo. Los datos fueron analizados por medio de técnicas multivariadas y de asociación entre medias. Los resultados indican que las cinco estrategias de conciliación previstas en el modelo original de la escala se mantienen empíricamente con estos participantes. El factor apoyo emocional se destaca como el más importante, llevándose en cuenta el análisis de medias. La centralidad del trabajo se mostró relacionada únicamente con el factor apoyo emocional. El artículo sugiere que tal hallazgo tiene sentido teórico, a medida que las estrategias de conciliación implican la interconexión entre las esferas trabajo-familia.

Degree centrality analysis of brain functional network in insomnia disorder based on voxel / 中国医学影像技术

Objective To explore the changes of brain functional network in insomnia disorder (ID) during resting-state with voxel-based degree centrality (DC).Methods Forty-five subjects underwent resting-state fMRI scans,including 22 patients with ID (ID group) and 23 sex-,age-,and education-matched healthy volunteers (control group).The subjects' sleep quality and emotion state were assessed with Pittsburgh sleep quality index (PSQI),Hamilton anxiety scale and Hamilton depression scale.The resting-state fMRI data were analyzed with voxel-based DC.The intra-and inter-groups parameters were compared using t-test.Correlation analysis was performed between DC values of ID group and clinical parameters.Results Compared with control group,DC values increased in left parahippocampal gyrus,left hippocampus and bilateral precuneus (all P＜0.05),while decreased in left middle occipital lobe,left precuneus,left inferior frontal gyrus and left middle frontal gyrus in ID group (all P＜0.05).DC values of the left hippocampus in ID patients showed significantly negative correlation with the score of Pittsburgh sleep quality index (r=-0.46,P=0.047).Conclusion ID patients have abnormal DC distribution of brain functional network,therefore providing basis for understanding pathophysiological mechanisms of ID.

Cognitive development of children with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder: a resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging study / 中华实用儿科临床杂志

Objective To investigate the characteristics of cognitive development of children with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) by using resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) degree centrality (DC) from the view of neuro-imaging.Methods Forty-five ADHD children were diagnosed at specialist clinic of Changzhou Children's Hospital,Nantong University from June 2015 to December 2016,and they were divided into 3 groups according to their ages (children aged 7-8 years old,9-10 years old and 11-12 years old,15 children in each group) and received the resting-state fMRI scans.DC value was used to analyze fMRI data.Comparative analysis was done pairwise between the three groups.Results Compared with 7-8 years old group,9-10 years old group showed lower DC value in cerebellum posterior lobe (t =-4.36) and higher DC in inferior parietal lobe (t =-5.86),and the differences were statistically significant (all P ＜ 0.05,after correction).Compared with 7-8 years old group,11-12 years old group showed lower DC value in cerebellum posterior lobe (t =-4.99) and higher DC in left superior temporal gyrus (t =5.18) and superior frontal gyrus (t =4.58),and the differences were statistically significant (all P ＜ 0.05,after correction).Compared with 9-10 years old group,11-12 years old group showed lower DC value in inferior parietal lobe (t =-5.71) and higher DC value in left superior temporal gyrus (t =5.05) and superior frontal gyrus (t =4.36),and all the differences were statistically significant (all P ＜ 0.05,after correction).Conclusion Children with ADHD at different ages had different characteristics of brain regions of fMRI.It can offer objective evidence for early cognitive intervention of children with ADHD at different ages.

A multi-parameter resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging study of brain intrinsic activity in attention deficit hyperactivity disorder children / 生物医学工程学杂志

A great number of studies have demonstrated functional abnormalities in children with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), although conflicting results have also been reported. And few studies analyzed homotopic functional connectivity between hemispheres. In this study, resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) data were recorded from 45 medication-naïve ADHD children and 26 healthy controls. The regional homogeneity (ReHo), degree centrality (DC) and voxel-mirrored homotopic connectivity (VMHC) values were compared between the two groups to depict the intrinsic brain activities. We found that ADHD children exhibited significantly lower ReHo and DC values in the right middle frontal gyrus and the two values correlated with each other; moreover, lower VMHC values were found in the bilateral occipital lobes of ADHD children, which was negatively related with anxiety scores of Conners' Parent Rating Scale (CPRS-R) and positively related with completed categories of Wisconsin Card Sorting Test (WCST). Our results might suggest that less spontaneous neuronal activities of the right middle frontal gyrus and the bilateral occipital lobes in ADHD children.

Analysis of Journal of Dental Hygiene Science Research Trends Using Keyword Network Analysis / 치위생과학회지

This research team extracted keywords from 953 papers published in the Journal of Dental Hygiene Science from 2001 to 2018 for keyword and centrality analyses using the Keyword Network Analysis method. Data were analyzed using Excel 2016 and NetMiner Version 4.4.1. By conducting a deeper analysis between keywords by overall keyword and time frame, we arrived at the following conclusions. For the 17 years considered for this study, the most frequently used words in a dental science paper were “Health,”“Oral,”“Hygiene,” and “Hygienist.” The words that form the center by connecting major words in the Journal of Dental Hygiene through the upper-degree centrality words were “Health,”“Dental,”“Oral,”“Hygiene,” and “Hygienist.” The upper betweenness centrality words were “Dental,”“Health,”“Oral,”“Hygiene,” and “Student.” Analysis results of the degree centrality words per period revealed “Health” (0.227), “Dental” (0.136), and “Hygiene” (0.136) for period 1; “Health” (0.242), “Dental” (0.177), and “Hygiene” (0.113) for period 2; “Health” (0.200), “Dental” (0.176), and “Oral” (0.082) for period 3; and “Dental” (0.235), “Health” (0.206), and “Oral” (0.147) for period 4. Analysis results of the betweenness centrality words per period revealed “Oral” (0.281) and “Health” (0.199) for period 1; “Dental” (0.205) and “Health” (0.169) for period 2, with the weight then dispersing to “Hygiene” (0.112), “Hygienist” (0.054), and “Oral” (0.053); “Health” (0.258) and “Dental” (0.246) for period 3; and “Oral” (0.364), “Health” (0.353), and “Dental” (0.333) for period 4. Based on the above results, we hope that further studies will be conducted in the future with diverse study subjects.

Co-Author Networks in Journal of the Korean Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry

OBJECTIVES: The purpose of this study is to analyze the co-author networks in the Journal of the Korean Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, a representative journal published by a branch of the domestic psychiatric academy, in order to present the current state of the co-authoring of and developments in child and adolescent psychiatry. METHODS: We visualized and estimated the basic characteristics of the co-author networks shown by 564 authors who wrote 251 papers published in the Journal of the Korean Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry between 2005 and 2015, in order to assess their network characteristics, author centrality, and relevance to research performance. RESULTS: The co-author networks in the Journal of the Korean Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry showed the characteristics of a small world and scale-free network. There was a correlation between the author centrality within the network and the research performance of the authors, but less correlation was shown between the centrality and mean paper citation counts. CONCLUSION: The network structure in the Journal of the Korean Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry showed similarity to the co-authoring of other branches. However, given that the mean paper citation counts were less correlated with the author centrality than those in other branches, it may be necessary to promote an increase in the mean paper citation counts.

Change of Whole Brain Degree in Primary Insomnia / 中山大学学报(医学科学版)

[Objective] Based on the resting state functional magnetic resonance imaging to investigate the abnormal features of the functional connectivity of resting brain neural network in the patients with primary insomnia,by using voxel-wise whole-brain finctional networks analysis of degree centrality (DC) for imaging evidence of neural mechanisms underlying primary insomnia.[Methods] The resting state fMRI were performed in 59 PI patients and 47 age,education,and sex-matched normal healthy subjects.Analysis of DC map changes between the two patient groups and the control group were performed by two sample t test.(threshold at P ＜ 0.05).[Results] Compared with the control group,the patients with PI showed significantly reduced DC value in bilateral medial frontal gyrus (MFG),bilateral anterior cingulate gyrus (ACG),and right insula;and increased DC value in right middle temporal gyrus (MTG),and left cuneus,(CUN),P ＜ 0.05.[Conclusion]Changes of DC value occurred in some region of brain in the P[patient groups when compared with the control group.It was indicated that DC,as a novel resting-state fMRI parameter in the voxel-wise whole-brain functional networks,might be an appealing alternative approach for further study on pathologic and neuropsychological states of PI.

Alterations of Whole Brain Networks Degree Centrality in Patients with Primary Insomnia after Acupuncture Therapy:A Voxel-based Resting-state fMRI Research / 中山大学学报(医学科学版)

[Objective]To investigate the value of degree centrality(DC),a novel resting-state fMRI parameter,in voxel-wise whole-brain functional networks analysis in primary insomnia(PI)after acupuncture therapy.[Methods]The resting state fMRI were performed in 29 PI patients and 22 age,education,and sex-matched normal healthy subjects. Analysis of DC map changes between the two patient groups and the control group were performed by two sample t test.(threshold at P<0.05).[Results]Compared with the control group,patients with PI showed significantly reduced DC value in middle temporal gyrus(MTG. R);hippocampus(HIP. B);parahippocampal gyrus(PHG. R);putamen(PUT. R);cuneus(CUN. L).[Conclusions]Changes of DC value occurred in some region of brain in the PI patient groups when compared with the control group. It was indicated that DC ,as a novel resting-state fMRI parameter in the voxel-wise whole-brain functional networks ,might be an appealing alternative approach for further study on pathologic and neuropsychological states of PI.

Research on core Chinese materia medica and herb compatibility in syndrome differentiation and treatment of insomnia based on CNM-centrality algorithm / 中草药

Using node centrality evaluation algorithms and clustering algorithms in complex networks, this paper selects insomnia as study object, and explores the core Chinese materia medica (CMM) and CMM compatibility regularity of syndrome differentiation and treatment. Firstly, we construct the CMM network model of insomnia, and discover the core CMM nodes in this network using single-index evaluation algorithms. Then, the CMM network can be divided by the clustering algorithm CNM-centrality based on node centrality, and the compatibility regularity among CMM can be found accurately.