Transformando la educación médica del siglo xxi: El rol de la educación médica basada en competencias / Transforming medical education in the 21st century: The role of competency-based medical education

RESUMEN Introducción: Con el panorama cambiante de la educación médica, es crucial examinar críticamente los enfoques y marcos existentes. La educación médica basada en competencias (EMBC) surge como un prometedor cambio de paradigma, que prioriza el desarrollo de habilidades, conocimientos y actitudes explícitas centrado en el alumno y orientado a los resultados. Objetivo: Identificar los ajustes estructurales y procedimentales esenciales necesarios para una implementación eficaz de la EMBC. Se subraya la importancia de reorganizar las instituciones educativas, adaptar las técnicas de instrucción y evaluación y fomentar la adopción de la EMBC en el aula. Resultados: Para impartir con eficacia la EMBC, es imperativo reestructurar las instituciones educativas para que se centren en planes de estudios basados en competencias y en la enseñanza personalizada. Asimismo, es necesario modificar las estrategias de enseñanza y evaluación para facilitar la evaluación continua y el aprendizaje activo. Conclusiones: Adoptar los principios de EMBC puede permitir que la educación médica produzca profesionales equipados con las habilidades necesarias para satisfacer las demandas dinámicas de la medicina moderna.

ABSTRACT Introduction: With the changing landscape of medical education, it is crucial to critically examine existing approaches and frameworks. competency-based medical education (CBME) emerges as a promising paradigm shift, which prioritizes learner-centered, outcome-oriented development of skills, knowledge, and attitudes. Objective: To identify the essential structural and procedural adjustments needed for effective implementation of CBME. It underscores the importance of reorganizing educational institutions, adapting instructional and assessment techniques, and fostering acceptance of CBME in the classroom. Results: To effectively deliver CBME, it is imperative to restructure educational institutions to focus on competency-based curricula and personalized instruction. Also, there is a need to modify teaching and assessment strategies to facilitate continuous assessment and active learning. Conclusions: Adopting CBME principles can enable medical education to produce professionals equipped with the skills necessary to meet the dynamic demands of modern medicine.

The Inheritance and Academic Characteristics of SHI's Acupuncture School in Northern Zhejiang / 浙江中医药大学学报

[Objective]To explore the inheritance status and academic characteristics of SHI's acupuncture and moxibustion school in northern Zhejiang,and to further enrich the connotation of Xiushui medical school.[Methods]Using the method of reviewing and researching the traditional medical history literature and modern literature,the origin,inheritance and academic characteristics of SHI's acupuncture and moxibustion were excavated,analyzed and sorted out.[Results]The culture of traditional Chinese medicine in northern Zhejiang is profound,there are many genres of acupuncture and moxibustion,and many famous doctors and scholars.The more influential schools of acupuncture and moxibustion are LING,SHI,YAN,SHENG and JIN,which have been passed down from generation to generation and innovated repeatedly.As one of the typical representatives,SHI's acupuncture has a long history,active inheritance and rich content.In clinical practice,great importance is attached to the spleen and stomach,and the treatment principle is to strengthen the spleen and benefit the stomach,warm and transport Yang Qi of middle-Jiao,and be good at applying warm acupuncture,so that Qi can be warmed and operated easier,and the acupuncture can be helped to regulate Qi.SHI's acupuncture also pays attention to the combination of acupuncture and moxibustion,and the combination of acupuncture and medicine to improve clinical efficacy.SHI's descendants are constantly innovating while inheriting and keeping the right,so as to enrich the disease spectrum,enrich the treatment methods and improve the clinical efficacy.[Conclusion]In the process of continuous inheritance and innovation,SHI's acupuncture has gradually formed a diagnosis and treatment system with acupuncture characteristics in northern Zhejiang,which can provide learning and reference for clinical practice.

A Critical Discussion on the Connotation of Children’s Subjectivity in Health Management / 中国医学伦理学

The discussion on the connotation of children’s subjectivity is not only a response to the lack of children’s subjectivity at the current stage of health management, but also a reference for children’s medical science popularization. Based on the perspective of social critical theory, this study used empirical research methods to review the "Dream Medical College" project of Children’s Hospital of Fudan University. The current situation and influencing factors of health management experience of 1 520 children participating in the "Dream Medical College" project were analyzed. The study showed that 96.35% of 1 316 subjects had diagnosis and treatment experience in specialized hospitals, and the overall negative emotional performance was at a low level (0~12 points). There was significant correlation between diagnosis and treatment, invasive experience and children’s emotional performance (P<0.05). The study revealed that the diagnosis and treatment field is the main practice place of children’s health management, while the subjective of children with different diagnosis and experience perform significantly different. Children over 4 years old have better language anxiety than physical anxiety when receiving diagnosis and treatment. Although medical science popularization is an important practical form of children’s health management, it lacks the science popularization content of invasive diagnosis and treatment and emotional management, and creative popular science form is more suitable for children with long-term and frequent diagnosis and treatment experience.

Correlation Analysis Between Anti-cerebral Ischemia Oxidative Damage and Contents of Active Components in Characteristic Processed Products with Porcine Cardiac Blood and Other Processed Products of Salviae Miltiorrhizae Radix et Rhizoma from Menghe Medical School / 中国实验方剂学杂志

ObjectiveTo analyze the correlation between 11 small molecule active components and 1 protein component of characteristic processed products with porcine cardiac blood and other products of Salviae Miltiorrhizae Radix et Rhizoma（SMRR） from Menghe medical school and anti-cerebral ischemic oxidative damage， and to identify its key component markers of characteristic processed products with porcine cardiac blood for anti-cerebral ischemic oxidative damage. MethodHigh performance liquid chromatography（HPLC） was established to simultaneously determine the contents of 11 active ingredients in SMRR and its processed products［processed with porcine cardiac blood， porcine blood， wine and transferrin（Tf） in porcine cardiac blood］， and the content of Tf in different processed products of SMRR was detected by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay（ELISA）. Furthermore， A zebrafish ischemic stroke model was constructed to evaluate the effects of different processed products of SMRR on the behavioral trajectory of cerebral ischemic zebrafish， the neuronal damage of transgenic zebrafish Tg（elavl3：eGFP） brain， as well as the levels of malondialdehyde（MDA） and superoxide dismutase（SOD） in the brain tissues. The hippocampal neurons oxygen-glucose deprivation/reoxygenation（OGD/R）-induced ischemia-hypoxia model was constructed to evaluate the effects of different processed products of SMRR on oxidative damage of neuronal cells by taking lactate dehydrogenase（LDH）， reactive oxygen species（ROS）， MDA and SOD as indexes. Finally， principal component analysis（PCA）， partial least squares-discriminant analysis（PLS-DA） and Spearman correlation analysis were used to analyze the 11 small molecule active components and 1 protein component with efficacy indicators， in order to screen the key components of the characteristic processed products with porcine cardiac blood for cerebral ischemic oxidative damage. ResultCompared with the raw products， the contents of water-soluble and fat-soluble components in processed products of SMRR increased to different degrees， while the content of salvianolic acid A decreased. Compared with the wine-processed products， the contents of salvianolic acid B， danshensu， rosmarinic acid and other components in the porcine cardiac blood-processed products， porcine blood-processed products， Tf-processed products were increased， while the content of salvianolic acid A was decreased. ELISA results showed that there was no significant difference in Tf content between the porcine cardiac blood-processed products， porcine blood-processed products， Tf-processed products. Pharmacological results showed that different processed products of SMRR could improve the behavioral deficits， brain neuronal injury and oxidative stress after ischemic stroke in zebrafish， and the effect of the porcine cardiac blood-processed products was most pronounced. PCA results showed that salvianolic acid B， salvianolic acid A， rosmarinic acid， lithospermic acid， danshensu， tanshinone ⅡA， caffeic acid， cryptotanshinone and tanshinone Ⅰ were the main contributing components of SMRR and its processed products. And the results of correlation analysis showed that the contents of cryptotanshinone， rosmarinic acid， caffeic acid， dihydrotanshinone Ⅰ， salvianolic acid B， tanshinone ⅡA and tanshinone Ⅰ were negatively correlated with MDA level in zebrafish brain tissue， while the contents of lithospermic acid， protocatechuic aldehyde， rosmarinic acid， dihydrotanshinone Ⅰ， salvianolic acid B and Tf were positively correlated with SOD level， and the contents of rosmarinic acid， caffeic acid， dihydrotanshinone Ⅰ， salvianolic acid B， tanshinone ⅡA， tanshinone Ⅰ， danshensu， Tf were positively correlated with neuronal fluorescence intensity in the zebrafish brain. And the contents of lithospermic acid， protocatechuic aldehyde， rosmarinic acid， dihydrotanshinone Ⅰ， salvianolic acid B， tanshinone ⅡA and Tf were negatively correlated with LDH， ROS and MDA levels and positively correlated with SOD level. ConclusionThere are differences in the anti-ischemic oxidative damage effects of SMRR and its different processed products， among which the porcine cardiac blood-processed products has the strongest effect on improving oxidative damage， which may be related to the content changes of salvianolic acid B， danshensu， rosmarinic acid and other components. This study can provide a basis for clarifying the quality markers of SMRR processed with porcine cardiac blood for cerebral ischemia and elucidating its processing mechanism.

Sobre el currículo oculto: del buen médico, la jerarquía y el maltrato

Objetivo: Describir las interacciones de algunos estudiantes de dos programas de Medicina en Colombia relacionadas con el currículo oculto. Metodología: Estudio hermenéutico, que utilizó la etnografía y la teoría fundamentada, mediante la aplicación de observación participante en cinco escenarios de práctica y once entrevistas en profundidad. El análisis de los datos se hizo con codificación abierta, axial y selectiva, propias de la teoría fundamentada, lo que generó una matriz del paradigma. Resultados: Estudiar Medicina implica hacer parte de una jerarquía desde inspiradora hasta excesiva. La exigencia de la educación médica por formar un médico incansable e intachable, la competencia para ser admitido a cada rango y el miedo a equivocarse exacerban el funcionamiento negativo de la jerarquía médica. Esta jerarquía se basa en el poder del conocimiento que permite el maltrato. Lo anterior desencadena agotamiento, frustración, desinterés y afecta la ética profesional, aspectos que estropean al médico en formación. Conclusión: El currículo oculto determina la formación del médico más que el currículo formal. Reconocer y reflexionar sobre el currículo oculto desde la comunidad académica permite visibilizar, en futuras reformas curriculares, el papel que este desempeña.

Objective: To describe the interactions of some students from two Medicine programs in Colombia related to the hidden curriculum. Methodology: Hermeneutic study, which used ethnography and grounded theory, through the application of participant observation in five practice scenarios and eleven in-depth interviews. The data analysis was done with open, axial and selective coding, typical of the grounded theory, which generated a matrix of the paradigm. Results: Studying Medicine implies being part of a hierarchy from inspiring to excessive. The demand of medical education to train a tireless and blameless doctor, the competition to be admitted to each rank and the fear of making mistakes exacerbate the negative functioning of the medical hierarchy. This hierarchy is based on the power of knowledge that allows abuse. The above triggers exhaustion, frustration, lack of interest and affects professional ethics, aspects that spoil the doctor in training. Conclusion: The hidden curriculum determines the doctor's training more than the formal curriculum. Recognizing and reflecting on the hidden curriculum from the academic community makes visible, in future curricular reforms, the role it plays.

Objetivo: Descrever as interações de alguns alunos de dois cursos de Medicina da Colômbia em relação ao currículo oculto. Metodologia: Estudo hermenêutico, que utilizou etnografia e teoria fundamentada, por meio da aplicação da observação participante em cinco cenários de prática e onze entrevistas em profundidade. A análise dos dados foi feita com codificação aberta, axial e seletiva, típica da teoria fundamentada, que gerou uma matriz do paradigma. Resultados: Estudar Medicina implica fazer parte de uma hierarquia que vai do inspirador ao excessivo. A exigência da formação médica para formar um médico incansável e irrepreensível, a competição para ser admitido em cada posto e o medo de errar exacerbam o funcionamento negativo da hierarquia médica. Essa hierarquia é baseada no poder do conhecimento que permite o abuso. O exposto acima desencadeia esgotamento, frustração, desinteresse e afeta a ética profissional, aspectos que prejudicam o médico em formação. Conclusão: O currículo oculto determina mais a formação do médico do que o currículo formal. Reconhecer e refletir sobre o currículo oculto da comunidade acadêmica torna visível, em futuras reformas curriculares, o papel que ele desempenha.

Anesthesia in medical school: A simulation-based curriculum proposal

Introduction Most medical students are not familiar with Anesthesiology, as it is infrequently addressed properly in medical school curricula. However, anesthesiology skills are widely practiced across specialties and commonly performed by general practitioners. Currently, anesthesia curricula are often based on shadowing and lectures without emphasizing relevant skills, behaviors, and attitudes, whereas simulation-based curricula enable a holistic evaluation of the trainee. Objective To implement and assess the perceptions of students and professors of a novel simulation-based anesthesiology curriculum. Methods A descriptive study was planned for evaluating the new proposal. A simulation-based 3-week curriculum was organized using a blended course with skill laboratories. We designed flipped classroom-based lectures (2 weeks) combined with activities using standardized patients, manikins, and hybrid scenarios (1 week). After each activity, feedback was given by an anesthesiologist, as well as individual grading and a survey based on the Kirkpatrick levels. Results From June to November 2020, 53 students were enrolled in the clerkship. Each week, every group of 6-8 students was assigned to the same specialist to perform the activities and track individual progress. The response rate of the survey was 83%. Across the levels of Kirkpatrick, there was an excellent opinion of the activities, as well as a high similarity between the perception of both students and professors. Conclusion Our simulation-based curriculum, which was highly appraised by students and professors, was found to be feasible, appealing, and offered a good introduction to the principles and practices of anesthesiology to medical students.

Introducción: La mayoría de los estudiantes de medicina no están familiarizados con la Anestesiología, ya que la materia pocas veces se aborda adecuadamente en el programa académico de la facultad de medicina. Sin embargo, las habilidades en anestesiología son ampliamente utilizadas por los médicos generales. En la actualidad los currículos de anestesiología suelen basarse en prácticas y conferencias donde no se enfatizan las destrezas pertinentes, las conductas y las actitudes, mientras que los currículos basados en simulación permiten una evaluación integral del aprendiz. Objetivo: Implementar y evaluar las percepciones de estudiantes y de los profesores de un novedoso plan de estudios de anestesiología basado en la simulación. Métodos: Se diseñó un estudio descriptivo para valorar la nueva propuesta. Se organizó un plan de estudios de 3 semanas, basado en simulación, utilizando un curso mixto con habilidades de laboratorio. Diseñamos conferencias basadas en el modelo de aula invertida (2 semanas), combinadas con actividades basadas en pacientes estandarizados, maniquíes y escenarios híbridos (1 semana). Luego de cada actividad, un anestesiólogo ofrecía su retroalimentación, así como calificaciones individuales y una encuesta basada en los niveles de Kirkpatrick. Resultados: Se inscribieron 53 estudiantes en la pasantía de junio a noviembre de 2020. Cada semana se asignaba un grupo de 6-8 estudiantes a un mismo especialista para llevar a cabo las actividades y hacer un seguimiento al progreso alcanzado de manera individual. La tasa de respuesta de la encuesta fue de 83%. En todos los niveles de Kirkpatrick, hubo una excelente opinión sobre las actividades y una elevada similitud en la percepción, tanto de los estudiantes como de los profesores. Conclusión: Nuestro currículo basado en simulación fue muy bien valorado por estudiantes y profesores y se consideró factible, atractivo y que ofrecía a los estudiantes una buena introducción a los principios y prácticas de la anestesiología.

Daily Formative Assessment in Undergraduate Medical Training: construction and presentation of an instrument / Avaliação diária de atitudes e profissionalismo na Graduação Médica: apresentação de um instrumento

The objective is to present a daily attitudes and professionalism assessment instrument for medical students in theoretical-practical activities. The development of the instrument was based on the manuals of the program for student integration with the community, on the program's pedagogical project, and on the National Curricular Guidelines for Undergraduate Programs in Medicine, and was carried out by professors. These were consulted in weekly 50-minute meetings held between August and November 2016. At the end of the process, a version of the instrument was consolidated with five items and six descriptors to discriminate learning situations that enable competency-based assessment from the simplest to the most complex level. With the use of the instrument, points considered important in medical training in theoretical-practical activities cannot be overlooked (AU).

Objetiva-se apresentar um instrumento de avaliação diária de atitudes e profissionalismo para estudantes de Medicina em atividades teórico-práticas. A elaboração do instrumento foi baseada nos manuais do programa de integração do aluno com a comunidade, projeto pedagógico do curso e nas Diretrizes Curriculares Nacionais da Graduação em Medicina, realizada por docentes. Os docentes foram consultados em reuniões com duração de 50 minutos, com periodicidade semanal, entre agosto e novembro de 2016. Ao final do processo foi consolidada uma versão do instrumento com cinco itens e seis descritores para discriminação de situações de aprendizagem que permitem a avaliação da competência de um nível mais simples até o mais complexo. Com a utilização do instrumento elaborado não se deixa de avaliar pontos considerados importantes para a formação médica em atividades teórico-prática (AU).

Proteomic Research on Characteristic Processing Materials of Porcine Cardiac Blood and Porcine Blood from Menghe Medical School and Their Effect on Anti-microglial Inflammatory Damage of Salviae Miltiorrhizae Radix et Rhizoma / 中国实验方剂学杂志

ObjectiveProteomics was used to investigate the protein differences between porcine cardiac blood（PCB） and porcine blood（PB） from Menghe medical school and to compare the effects of both on the microglial inflammation of Salviae Miltiorrhizae Radix et Rhizoma（DS）. MethodNanoliquid chromatography-quadrupole orbitrap mass spectrometry（nLC-MS/MS） and bioinformatics were utilized to compare the proteomic differences of PCB and PB in simulated gastrointestinal digestion. Furthermore， Western blot was used to verify the contents of some shared proteins and differential proteins identified in PCB and PB. In addition， BV2 neuroinflammation model constructed by corticosterone（CORT） and lipopolysaccharide（LPS） was applied to detect the intervention effects of PCB and PB on the levels of tumor necrosis factor（TNF）-α and interleukin（IL）-6 in BV2 inflammatory cells of DS. ResultA total of 69 common proteins and 68 differential proteins were identified in PCB and PB， among which the common proteins included transferrin（Tf） with brain-targeting effect， and the differential proteins in the two were 41 and 27， respectively. Western blot validation showed that the difference in the content of the same protein Tf between PCB and PB was not statistically significant， while the difference in the contents of the specific proteins of creatine kinase M and heart-type fatty acid binding protein（H-FABP） were statistically significant（P<0.05）. Moreover， in vitro experimental studies revealed that compared with the same concentration of DS group， in addition to the 100 mg·L-1 PB-DS group， PCB-DS and PB-DS groups could significantly inhibit the levels of TNF-α and IL-6 in BV2 inflammatory cells（P<0.05， P<0.01）， and PCB-DS group had more significant anti-inflammatory effect than PB-DS group with the same concentration（P<0.05， P<0.01）. ConclusionBoth of PCB and PB can enhance the inhibitory effect of DS on the release of inflammatory factors， thus playing a neuroprotective role， and PCB promotes DS inhibition more significantly， which may be due to the existence of the two involved in energy metabolism-related differential proteins， which can lay a foundation for revealing the scientific connotation of the processing of PCB-DS and PB-DS.

Investigating information literacy skills perception and practices among medical and non-medical first-year students at a Nigerian university

Background: The study appraisedthe perceived information literacy proficiency of first-year students enrolled in the faculties of Basic Medical Sciences, Clinical Sciences, and pure Sciences at the University of Medical Sciences(UNIMED)in Ondo City, Nigeria. Method:Employing a correlational descriptive survey methodology, 120 students were proportionately selectedfrom the first-year students'population in the three faculties surveyed. The response rate was84%. Data for the study was collected using a questionnaire sectioned into four or five-point Likert scales. For the data analysis, the responses were rated 4, 3, 2,and 1 points or 5, 4, 3, 2 and 1,respectively, depending on the questionnaire section.Results:Based on our rubric, the students reported average-level information literacy skills and high-level internet navigation skills. The ability to utilise information effectively had the highest rating (x̄= 2.9/4.0),while the ability to access information was the lowest(x̄=2.7/4.0). The students also reported Google(x̄= 4.1/5.0), subject textbooks, and peers as the most frequentlyutilisedinformation sources, while academicsources such as journal databases(x̄=2.3/5.0), library catalogues, and librarians were the least used. No statistically significant distinctions were observed in the information literacy capabilities of first-year students from the three faculties or secondary school backgrounds. Conclusion:To promote acquiringinformation literacy skills for academic success and lifelong learning, this study emphasises the necessity for increased awareness and training on the effective usage of scholarly sources among first-year students in Nigerian universities.

Aspectos demográficos e acesso aos projetos pedagógicos dos cursos de Medicina no Brasil / Demographic aspects and access to the pedagogical projects of medical courses in Brazil

Resumo: Introdução: A ampliação da educação superior no Brasil é recente. Na área médica, com o advento do Programa Mais Médicos, essa expansão tornou-se viável e culminou com a publicação de novas Diretrizes Curriculares Nacionais (DCN) para o curso de graduação em Medicina. O projeto pedagógico do curso (PPC) traduz o que se realiza no curso e funciona como instrumento de comunicação entre a instituição e a sociedade. A análise dos PPC das instituições de ensino superior propicia a identificação de elementos que apontam para convergência ou se afastam do preconizado nas mudanças pretendidas pelas DCN de 2014. Objetivo: Este estudo descreve demograficamente no Brasil o número de cursos de Medicina públicos e privados por estado e região da Federação, o número de vagas disponíveis e o acesso aos PPC dessas escolas por meio de metodologia sistematizada. Método: Realizou-se um levantamento de todas as faculdades com curso de Medicina no Brasil, no ano de 2021. A procura dos PPC foi realizada no site institucional. Em caso de ausência da informação, encaminhamos mensagem eletrônica à coordenação do curso de Medicina. Na indisponibilidade de contato direto com a coordenação pelo site institucional, encaminhamos mensagem ao coordenador por meio do acesso ao seu Currículo Lattes. Resultado: Foram identificadas 336 escolas médicas, 115 (34,2%) públicas e 226 (65,8%) privadas. Observamos a maior concentração de cursos na Região Sudeste (41,3%), seguida da Região Nordeste (24,6%). Das instituições públicas, o Nordeste é a região que mais concentra as escolas (35,6%), seguida da Região Sudeste (26%). Quanto às instituições privadas, ocorre o inverso. Obteve-se um total de 134 PPC (39,8%), sendo 111 (83%) das escolas públicas e 23 (17%) das privadas. Conclusão: Embora a disponibilização do documento de informação pedagógica no site da instituição seja obrigatória, isso não foi verificado em realidade, o que corrobora a necessidade de políticas de valorização e fiscalização da disponibilidade do PPC para facilitar o seu acesso pelos maiores interessados: alunos, comunidade acadêmica e pesquisadores da área da educação médica.

Abstract Introduction: The expansion of higher education in Brazil is recent. In the medical field, with the advent of the "Mais Médicos" Program, this expansion became feasible and culminated with the publication of new National Curricular Guidelines (DCN, Diretrizes Curriculares Nacionais) for undergraduate medical courses. The Pedagogical Course Project (PCP) translates what is accomplished in the course and works as an instrument of communication between the institution and society. The analysis of the PCPs of Higher Education Institutions provides the identification of elements that point to the convergence or move away from the changes proposed by the DCN 2014. Objective: To describe demographically in Brazil the number of public and private medical courses by state and region of the federation, the number of available vacancies, and access to the PCPs of these schools through a systematized methodology. Method: A study was carried out in all institutions with medical courses in Brazil by the year 2021. The search for the PCPs was carried out in the institutional website. In case of lack of information, an electronic message was sent to the medical course coordination. When it was not possible to contact the coordinator directly through the institutional website, a message was sent to the coordinator by accessing their curriculum lattes. Results: A total of 336 medical schools were identified, 115 (34.2%) of which were public and 226 (65.8%) private ones. A higher concentration of courses was observed in the southeast region (41.3%), followed by the northeast region (24.6%). Of the public institutions, the northeast region has the highest concentration of schools (35.6%), followed by the southeast region (26%). The opposite was observed regarding the private institutions. A total of 134 PCPs were obtained (39.8% of the total), 83% from public schools and 17% from private ones. Conclusion: Although the availability of the pedagogical information document on the institution's website is an obligation, this was not verified in reality, which makes it necessary to implement policies for valuing and monitoring PCP availability, thus facilitating its access by the most interested parties: students, the academic community and researchers in the field of medical education.

Perfil do egresso médico de uma instituição de ensino superior do Nordeste do Brasil / Profile of medical graduates from a higher education institution in Northeastern Brazil

Resumo Introdução: Nos últimos anos, ocorreu um aumento da quantidade de faculdades médicas no Brasil, e, concomitante a isso, houve a ampliação do interesse em melhorar a qualidade do ensino na Medicina. Um questionamento resultante dessa mudança é se esse aumento de faculdades de Medicina implicará a formação de profissionais capazes de atender às demandas da sociedade contemporânea. Uma forma de responder a esse questionamento é conhecer o perfil dos egressos das instituições. Objetivo: Este estudo teve como objetivo avaliar o perfil dos egressos médicos formados em uma instituição de ensino superior do Nordeste do Brasil. Método: Realizou-se um estudo transversal do tipo pesquisa de campo com abordagem quantitativa. Egressos do curso de Medicina de uma instituição de ensino superior, formados no período de 2012-2019, foram avaliados por meio de um questionário enviado via e-mail, com perguntas de múltipla escolha. O estudo foi aprovado pelo Comitê de Ética da instituição. Resultado: Analisaram-se 127 questionários, o que corresponde a uma taxa de resposta de 13,8%, e o sexo feminino predominou ao representar 67,7% da amostra. O conhecimento sobre as Diretrizes Curriculares Nacionais durante a graduação foi relatado por 24,2% dos participantes. A maioria dos egressos demonstrou satisfação com o curso realizado e sentimento de preparo para atuação profissional como generalista. Em relação à residência médica, 90,5% dos egressos realizaram esse tipo de programa de especialização. A atuação profissional dos egressos na Estratégia Saúde da Família e no Sistema Único de Saúde (SUS) foi identificada em 66,9% e 84,3%, respectivamente. Sentimento de aptidão e de habilidade para lidar com educação em saúde, gestão da saúde e atenção à saúde da população foi identificado na maioria dos egressos. Conclusão: Identificamos uma boa satisfação ao final do curso e um sentimento de confiança para atuação profissional na maioria dos egressos. Aperfeiçoamento por meio de residência médica é um objetivo frequente entre os egressos. O SUS é um campo de trabalho para a maioria destes. Além disso, aptidões recomendadas pelas Diretrizes Curriculares Nacionais foram percebidas pelos egressos ao final da graduação. Futuros trabalhos com amostras maiores e multicêntricos são necessários para a avaliação do perfil dos egressos no Brasil.

Abstract Introduction: In recent years, there has been an increase in the number of medical schools in Brazil and, concomitantly, the interest in improving the quality of teaching in medicine has increased. One question resulting from this change is whether this increase in medical schools will imply the training of professionals capable of meeting the demands of contemporary society. One way to answer this question is to know the profile of the institutions' graduates. Objective: To evaluate the profile of medical graduates trained at a higher education institution in northeast Brazil. Method: A cross-sectional field research study with a quantitative approach was carried out. Graduates of the medical course of a higher education institution, graduated from 2012 to 2019, were evaluated through a questionnaire sent via e-mail, with multiple choice questions. The study was approved by the institution's ethics committee. Results: A total of 127 questionnaires were analyzed, which corresponds to a response rate of 13.8%; females predominated, representing 67.7% of the sample. Knowledge about the National Curriculum Guidelines during undergraduate school was reported by 24.2% of the participants. Most graduates demonstrated satisfaction with the course taken and a feeling of being prepared for professional work as a generalist. Regarding medical residency, 90.5% of the graduates attended this type of specialization program. Professional performance of graduates in the Family Health Strategy and in the Brazilian Unified Health System (SUS) was identified in 66.9% and 84.3%, respectively. A feeling of aptitude and ability to deal with health education, health management and health care for the population was identified in most graduates. Conclusion: We identified good satisfaction at the end of the course and a feeling of confidence for professional performance in most graduates. Improvement through medical residency is a frequent goal among graduates. The SUS is a field of work for most of these professionals. In addition, skills recommended by the National Curriculum Guidelines were perceived by them at the end of undergraduate school. Future studies with larger and multicenter samples are needed to assess the profile of graduates in Brazil.

Acreditação de cursos médicos no Brasil: explorando perspectivas globais para uma formação médica de excelência / Accreditation of medical courses in Brazil: exploring global perspectives for medic an education of excellence

Resumo Introdução: Marcada por franca expansão, crescimento da oferta pelo setor privado e atuação de diferentes grupos de influência, a educação médica figura no centro dos debates sobre qualidade da educação superior. A criação e a atuação das agências de acreditação de cursos médicos crescem em todo o mundo, tendo chegado ao Brasil com a criação do Sistema de Acreditação de Cursos Médicos por iniciativa do Conselho Federal de Medicina. Marco importante na educação médica brasileira, a criação do sistema representa avanço e deve ser considerada, no entanto o fato não invalida a possibilidade e a importância de implantação de política pública nacional de acreditação de cursos médicos, dada a relevância social e a preocupação com a qualidade da formação médica ofertada no país. Objetivo: Este artigo apresenta um paralelo entre os procedimentos adotados pelas agências acreditadoras internacionais, pelo Saeme e nos procedimentos do Sistema Nacional de Avaliação da Educação Superior. Método: O paralelo foi traçado com base em análise documental, em que foram investigados artigos na temática de acreditação e qualidade da educação médica, bem como os documentos orientadores de agências acreditadoras internacionais. Resultado: A análise documental revela similaridades nos procedimentos adotados internacionalmente em comparação com as iniciativas nacionais no que concerne à estrutura básica de avaliação, à exigência de autoavaliação, à preocupação com a avaliação da aprendizagem, à previsão de monitoramento e alinhamento prévio, bem como à valorização do currículo baseado em competências. Conclusão: Os resultados apontam para um cenário favorável com vistas a demonstrar o potencial nacional para instauração de sistema público de acreditação.

Abstract Introduction: Marked by rapid expansion, growth in supply by the private sector and the performance of different groups of influence, medical education is at the centre of debates on the quality of higher education. The creation and performance of medical course accreditation agencies is growing around the world, having arrived in Brazil with the creation of the Medical School Accreditation System (SAEME) on the initiative of the Federal Council of Medicine. An important milestone in Brazilian medical education, the creation of the system represents progress and should be considered. However, this fact does not invalidate the possibility and importance of implementing a national public policy for the accreditation of medical courses, given the social relevance and concern with the quality of medical training offered in the country. Method: Based on a document analysis, in which articles on accreditation and quality of medical education were analysed, as well as the guiding documents of international accreditation agencies, this article presents a parallel and draws similarities between the procedures adopted by international accreditation agencies, by the SAEME and the procedures of the National Higher Education Assessment System. Results: The document analysis pointed to similarities in the procedures adopted internationally compared to national initiatives with regard to the basic assessment structure, the requirement for self-assessment, the concern regarding assessment of the learning, the provision for monitoring and prior alignment, as well as valuing the competency-based curriculum. Considerations: The results point to a favourable scenario with a view to demonstrating the national potential for setting up a public accreditation system.

Análisis crítico del programa curso propio Terapéutica Razonada para la carrera de Medicina en Cuba / Critical analysis of the Reasoned Therapeutic course program for the Medicine career in Cuba

RESUMEN Fundamento: el análisis de los programas de estudio para identificar potencialidades e insuficiencias, formular propuestas para su gestión o rediseño curricular, constituye una necesidad en las universidades médicas cubanas. Objetivo: analizar el programa analítico del curso de contenido propio Terapéutica Razonada para la carrera de Medicina en Cuba. Métodos: estudio cualitativo realizado en el tercer trimestre del año 2021. Se realizaron búsquedas en internet mediante buscadores especializados y los descriptores en ciencias de salud. Se utilizaron métodos teóricos como el analítico sintético y el inductivo deductivo y como método empírico, el análisis documental, los cuales permitieron establecer los criterios para el análisis y realizar el análisis del programa propiamente dicho. Resultados: se identifican las fortalezas y debilidades en torno a la justificación, pertinencia social, aspectos generales que lo caracterizan, nexos con el currículo formal, secuencia lógica en el currículo, organización de los temas, equilibrio entre las horas teóricas, prácticas y de trabajo independiente, análisis de los componentes no personales, orientaciones metodológicas, así como el análisis de la bibliografía. Las insuficiencias de mayor relevancia se orientan hacia la necesidad de reformular los objetivos, declarar métodos de enseñanza, incluir horas para la educación en el trabajo, explicitar las orientaciones metodológicas y actualizar la bibliografía. Conclusiones: el programa responde al encargo social de las universidades cubanas y su diseño se ajusta a las exigencias curriculares contemporáneas, pero se identifican aspectos que requieren atención en aras de su perfeccionamiento.

ABSTRACT Background: the analysis of the study programs to identify potentialities and insufficiencies, formulate proposals for their management or curricular redesign, constitutes a necessity in Cuban medical universities. Objective: to analyze the analytical program of the Reasoned Therapeutics course with its own content for the Medicine career in Cuba. Methods: qualitative study carried out in the third quarter of 2021. Internet searches were carried out using specialized search engines and descriptors in health sciences. Theoretical methods were used, such as synthetic analytical and inductive-deductive, and documentary analysis as an empirical method, which allowed establishing the criteria for the analysis and carrying out the analysis of the program itself. Results: the strengths and weaknesses around the justification, social relevance, general aspects that characterize it, links with the formal curriculum, logical sequence in the curriculum, organization of topics, balance between theoretical, practical and independent work hours, analysis of the non-personal components, methodological orientations, as well as the analysis of the bibliography are identified. The most relevant insufficiencies are oriented towards the need to reformulate the objectives, declare teaching methods, include hours for education at work, explain the methodological orientations and update the bibliography. Conclusions: the program responds to the social assignment of Cuban universities and its design is adjusted to contemporary curricular demands, but aspects that require attention for the sake of its improvement are identified.

Analysis of mental health status and influencing factors of postgraduates in medical schools / 中华医学教育探索杂志

Objective:To investigate the mental health status of postgraduates in a medical university in southwest China and analyze its influencing factors.Methods:A total of 622 clinical medical postgraduates from a medical university were investigated by basic information questionnaire and symptom Checklist-90 (SCL-90). Logistic regression was performed for data analysis. Excel 2010 was used for data entry, and SPSS 22.0 was used for statistical analysis.Results:The scores of each factor were as follows: somatization=1.24±0.44, compulsion=1.62±0.64, interpersonal sensitivity=1.4±0.54, depression=1.45± 0.64, anxiety=1.37±0.56, hostility=1.31±0.50, fear=1.18±0.42, paranoia=1.27±0.51, psychosis=1.25± 0.46, others=1.36±0.53. Besides, 169 (27.2%) people had positive mental health symptoms, and the top three symptoms were compulsion, depression and interpersonal sensitivity. The results of multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that grade, professional satisfaction, postgraduate study motivation and family education style were the influencing factors of mental health status of postgraduates in medical colleges and universities.Conclusion:The mental health status of postgraduates in medical colleges is worse than before. According to the influencing factors, targeted measures should be taken to improve the mental health level of postgraduates.

Prevention， Treatment， and Recuperation of Infection with SARS-CoV-2 Variants by Traditional Chinese Medicine Based on Idea of Epidemic Prevention of Jiangnan Medical School / 中国实验方剂学杂志

Because of the frequent occurrence of epidemics in Jiangnan since ancient times， the local medical schools have accumulated rich experience in epidemic prevention， among which Yushan medical school， Wumen medical school， and Qiantang medical school are famous. The physicians have inherited the theory in Treatise on Cold Damage Diseases and developed the therapies for febrile diseases. Adhering to the idea of integrating cold and febrile diseases， the physicians in Jiangnan flexibly adapt ZHANG Zhongjing's theory by combining regional climate， patient physique and other factors to explain the pathogenesis， which is of great significance for the prevention and treatment of epidemics. Therefore， traditional Chinese medicine （TCM） has demonstrated good curative effect on coronavirus disease-2019 （COVID-19） in China. However， the SARS-CoV-2 variants （Delta and Omicron） characterized by strong infectivity， pathogenicity， and immune escape capacity keep emerging， which bring great challenges to the global prevention and control of this pandemic. To this end， we studied the ways of Jiangnan medical school for the prevention and treatment of epidemics， reviewed the evolution of TCM treatment protocols for COVID-19， and summarized China's experience in fighting against the emerging SARS-CoV-2 variants. Further， we explored the measures of TCM in treating SARS-CoV-2 variants from prevention， treatment， and rehabilitation according to the theory for epidemic prevention of Jiangnan medical school. This paper provides reference for the prevention and treatment of emerging SARS-CoV-2 variant and facilitates the development of TCM epidemiology.

Effectiveness of combined flipped and classroom-based instruction in teaching pulmonary ultrasound to first-year medical students

Background and Objectives of the Study@#The study aimed to determine the effectiveness of combining flipped classroom on pulmonary ultrasound instruction in first-year medical students with traditional classroom-based instruction and compared it to traditional classroom-based instruction alone. The insights of the teachers and the students on the implementation of both interventions were also evaluated.@*Research Methodology@#This is a mixed qualitative (concurrent triangulated) and quantitative research. Baseline procedural knowledge and skills of a total of 282 students on the lung ultrasound scanning using pre-test 20-item summative test, multiple-choice question type of examination, and a pre-test narrative test on lung ultrasound were obtained. A postintervention summative assessment and narrative test were administered. Statistical analyses were done to compare the scores. A thematic analysis was done to evaluate the responses to the survey.@*Results@#138 students were randomly assigned to the classroom-based instruction group, while 144 students in the combined flipped and classroombased instruction group. The number of students who passed the summative (MCQ) test and were given flipped classroom and classroom-based instruction increased (6.3% to 79.9%; p<0.001) and the number of students given classroom-based instruction only, significantly increased (4.3% to 79.9%; p<0.001). The nu mber of students who passed the narrative test and were given flipped classroom and classroombased instructions increased (2.1% to 84.0%; p<0.001) and the number of students given the classroom-based instruction only, also significantly increased (3.6% to 84.2%; p<0.001). The students appreciated the classroom-based instruction because of the knowledgeable facilitators, the very concise approach, that is understandable and done in real-time. In addition, the flipped classroom was likewise helpful and a good introduction before the classroom-based instruction. The facilitators have noticed that the ease in instruction was influenced by the student’s enthusiasm and willingness to learn.@*Conclusion@#Flipped classroom in addition to classroom-based instruction, and classroom based instruction were effective in teaching pulmonary ultrasound to First-year medical students.

A Critical Discussion on the Connotation of Children’s Subjectivity in Health Management / 中国医学伦理学

The discussion on the connotation of children’s subjectivity is not only a response to the lack of children’s subjectivity at the current stage of health management, but also a reference for children’s medical science popularization. Based on the perspective of social critical theory, this study used empirical research methods to review the "Dream Medical College" project of Children’s Hospital of Fudan University. The current situation and influencing factors of health management experience of 1 520 children participating in the "Dream Medical College" project were analyzed. The study showed that 96.35% of 1 316 subjects had diagnosis and treatment experience in specialized hospitals, and the overall negative emotional performance was at a low level (0~12 points). There was significant correlation between diagnosis and treatment, invasive experience and children’s emotional performance (P<0.05). The study revealed that the diagnosis and treatment field is the main practice place of children’s health management, while the subjective of children with different diagnosis and experience perform significantly different. Children over 4 years old have better language anxiety than physical anxiety when receiving diagnosis and treatment. Although medical science popularization is an important practical form of children’s health management, it lacks the science popularization content of invasive diagnosis and treatment and emotional management, and creative popular science form is more suitable for children with long-term and frequent diagnosis and treatment experience.

Currículo informal singular: eletividade na formação médica durante a pandemia / Singular informal curriculum: electiveness in medical training during the pandemic

Resumo: Introdução: A interrupção das atividades de ensino imposta pela pandemia de Sars-CoV-2 ofereceu uma oportunidade ímpar de analisar os hábitos de estudo extracurriculares dos estudantes de Medicina, buscando compreender como a inexistência de um direcionamento institucional temático impactou a formação médica durante esse período de isolamento social. Objetivo: Este estudo teve como objetivo avaliar a ocorrência, as temáticas e as principais fontes dos estudos durante o período de suspensão de aulas na pandemia. Método: Trata-se de um estudo analítico e descritivo com dados colhidos a partir de um questionário virtual aplicado a estudantes de Medicina de uma instituição de ensino superior. Resultado: A partir da suspensão total das aulas, dos 310 participantes, 152 (49,0%) discentes alegaram ter estudado temas relacionados à área de ciências da saúde e 93 (30,0%) estudaram temas não relacionados à área de ciências da saúde. Estatisticamente, houve preferência exclusiva por uma área outra (p < 0,001), indicando dois perfis de estudo no período. Os interesses temáticos mais abundantes foram aqueles abordados em eventos médicos virtuais, como congressos ou simpósios, bem como os relacionados à Covid-19. Entre os temas mais citados, destacaram-se: fisiologia, clínica médica e geral ou especializada, anatomia, idiomas, finanças e filosofia. Conclusão: A despeito da suspensão das atividades acadêmicas curriculares, os estudantes buscaram novos aprendizados de acordo com suas demandas intelectivas, denotando o desenvolvimento de um currículo informal singularizado.

Abstract: Introduction: The interruption of teaching activities imposed by the Sars-CoV-2 pandemic offered a unique opportunity to analyze the extracurricular study habits of medical students, seeking to understand how the lack of a thematic institutional targeting impacted on medical training during the period of social isolation. Objective: This study aimed to evaluation of the occurrence, themes, and main sources of studies during the period of suspension of classes in the pandemic. Method: Analytical and descriptive study with data collected from a virtual questionnaire applied to medical students of a higher education institution. Result: From the complete suspension of local activities, of the 310 participants, 152 (49.0%) students claimed to have studied topics related to the health sciences and 93 (30.0%) studied topics not related to the health sciences area. Statistically, there was an exclusive preference for one area to another (p < 0.001), indicating two study profiles in the period. The most abundant thematic interests were those addressed in virtual medical events, such as conferences or symposia, as well as those related to Covid-19. It stands out as the most cited themes: physiology, medical and general or specialized clinic, anatomy, languages, finance and philosophy. Conclusion: Despite the suspension of academic activities, students sought new learning habits according to their intellectual demands, denoting the development of a singularized informal curriculum.

Educação médica, raça e saúde: o que falta para a construção de um projeto pedagógico antirracista? / Medical education, race and health: what is missing for the construction of an antiracist pedagogical project?

Resumo: Introdução: Embora a educação médica esteja pautada, hegemonicamente, por princípios universalistas e igualitários, este artigo pretende tensionar tais concepções ao considerar a heterogeneidade e a multiplicidade imbricadas no saber-fazer médico ante as determinações históricas, sociais e locorregionais de saúde. Para compreender a medicina nesse panorama complexo, é preciso que a produção de conhecimento, desde a construção de projetos pedagógicos e currículos de graduação, privilegie a equidade em saúde, abrangendo, sobretudo, o cuidado destinado às minorias sociais. Nesse substrato, encontra-se a população negra, coletivo majoritário no Brasil, principalmente na Região Nordeste, que enfrenta diversas fragilidades no alcance de uma atenção à saúde integral. Objetivo: Este estudo teve como objetivo analisar os projetos pedagógicos dos cursos (PPC) de graduação em Medicina, do Nordeste brasileiro, e suas interfaces com conteúdos que contribuam para a formação médica no enfrentamento das iniquidades da saúde da população negra. Método: Trata-se de um estudo exploratório, descritivo e transversal, com análise de 23 PPC de graduação em Medicina de 13 universidades públicas federais da Região Nordeste. Realizou-se também a correlação dos dados com achados científicos e referenciais teóricos que abordam a temática de saúde da população negra e formação médica. Resultado: Identificou-se a presença de disciplinas obrigatórias e optativas sobre a contextualização de raça na saúde em seus aspectos essenciais, o que permite proporcionar aos estudantes de Medicina a compreensão histórica e sociocultural da negritude. Entretanto, é imperioso enfatizar o déficit na abordagem prática com escassez de temas transversais, propostas de internato ou estágio e fomento de programas de extensão, bem como de políticas institucionais de incentivo ao assunto, o que sinaliza o pouco valor atribuído ao campo da experiência para a compreensão da saúde racializada e fortalece o esvaziamento de práticas específicas à saúde da população negra, diminuindo a capacidade médica de interpretar situações, práticas e condutas de maneira efetiva. Conclusão: Este artigo evidencia, portanto, que o fomento de uma educação médica antirracista exige uma formação pautada na práxis dialógica, humanista e crítico-reflexiva da saúde da população negra, sendo necessário correlacionar teorias com habilidades, competências e atitudes assistenciais pautadas no conhecimento racializado para a construção de PCC dos cursos de Medicina.

Abstract: Introduction: The hegemony of medical education is based on so-called universalistic and egalitarian principles. This paper questions such principles, considering the heterogeneity and multiplicity imbricated in medical know-how in light of historical, social and loco-regional health conditions. To understand medical knowledge in that complex panorama, the production of knowledge must privilege equity in health in the development of pedagogical projects and undergraduate curricula. Do these projects and curricula deal with care for social minorities properly? In Brazil, black people constitute the main social group affected by that social reality. In the Northeast region of the country, that population usually faces several difficulties to access proper medical care. Objective: This paper aims to analyze the pedagogical projects of undergraduate medical programs in the Northeast of Brazil and their interfaces with contents that contribute to medical training to address the health inequities of the black population. Methodology: This is an exploratory, descriptive and cross-sectional study. It analyzes 23 pedagogical projects from 13 federal public undergraduate medical programs at universities in the Brazilian Northeast. Data were correlated with scientific findings and theoretical references that address the health of black people and medical education. Results: The studied programs contain compulsory and optional courses which contextualize social race in health. They present a historical and sociocultural understanding of blackness to medical students. However, in a practical sense there are several gaps, including a lack of cross-sectional approaches, of proposals for internships and limited promotion of community outreach programs and institutional policies to encourage racial issues. This reveals the little value ascribed to the field of experience for understanding racialized health, and shows a lack of specific practices for the health of the black population, reducing medical capacity to interpret situations, practices and behaviors in racialized contexts. Conclusion: This paper shows that the promotion of an antiracist medical education requires a training based on dialogical, humanistic, critical-reflexive praxis regarding the health of the black population. It is necessary to correlate theories and skills, competencies and care practices, based on racialized knowledge for the construction of pedagogical projects for undergraduate medical programs in the Brazilian Northeast.

Educação médica, raça e saúde: o que falta para a construção de um projeto pedagógico antirracista? / Medical education, race and health: what is missing for the construction of an antiracist pedagogical project?

Resumo: Introdução: Embora a educação médica esteja pautada, hegemonicamente, por princípios universalistas e igualitários, este artigo pretende tensionar tais concepções ao considerar a heterogeneidade e a multiplicidade imbricadas no saber-fazer médico ante as determinações históricas, sociais e locorregionais de saúde. Para compreender a medicina nesse panorama complexo, é preciso que a produção de conhecimento, desde a construção de projetos pedagógicos e currículos de graduação, privilegie a equidade em saúde, abrangendo, sobretudo, o cuidado destinado às minorias sociais. Nesse substrato, encontra-se a população negra, coletivo majoritário no Brasil, principalmente na Região Nordeste, que enfrenta diversas fragilidades no alcance de uma atenção à saúde integral. Objetivo: Este estudo teve como objetivo analisar os projetos pedagógicos dos cursos (PPC) de graduação em Medicina, do Nordeste brasileiro, e suas interfaces com conteúdos que contribuam para a formação médica no enfrentamento das iniquidades da saúde da população negra. Método: Trata-se de um estudo exploratório, descritivo e transversal, com análise de 23 PPC de graduação em Medicina de 13 universidades públicas federais da Região Nordeste. Realizou-se também a correlação dos dados com achados científicos e referenciais teóricos que abordam a temática de saúde da população negra e formação médica. Resultado: Identificou-se a presença de disciplinas obrigatórias e optativas sobre a contextualização de raça na saúde em seus aspectos essenciais, o que permite proporcionar aos estudantes de Medicina a compreensão histórica e sociocultural da negritude. Entretanto, é imperioso enfatizar o déficit na abordagem prática com escassez de temas transversais, propostas de internato ou estágio e fomento de programas de extensão, bem como de políticas institucionais de incentivo ao assunto, o que sinaliza o pouco valor atribuído ao campo da experiência para a compreensão da saúde racializada e fortalece o esvaziamento de práticas específicas à saúde da população negra, diminuindo a capacidade médica de interpretar situações, práticas e condutas de maneira efetiva. Conclusão: Este artigo evidencia, portanto, que o fomento de uma educação médica antirracista exige uma formação pautada na práxis dialógica, humanista e crítico-reflexiva da saúde da população negra, sendo necessário correlacionar teorias com habilidades, competências e atitudes assistenciais pautadas no conhecimento racializado para a construção de PCC dos cursos de Medicina.

Abstract: Introduction: The hegemony of medical education is based on so-called universalistic and egalitarian principles. This paper questions such principles, considering the heterogeneity and multiplicity imbricated in medical know-how in light of historical, social and loco-regional health conditions. To understand medical knowledge in that complex panorama, the production of knowledge must privilege equity in health in the development of pedagogical projects and undergraduate curricula. Do these projects and curricula deal with care for social minorities properly? In Brazil, black people constitute the main social group affected by that social reality. In the Northeast region of the country, that population usually faces several difficulties to access proper medical care. Objective: This paper aims to analyze the pedagogical projects of undergraduate medical programs in the Northeast of Brazil and their interfaces with contents that contribute to medical training to address the health inequities of the black population. Methodology: This is an exploratory, descriptive and cross-sectional study. It analyzes 23 pedagogical projects from 13 federal public undergraduate medical programs at universities in the Brazilian Northeast. Data were correlated with scientific findings and theoretical references that address the health of black people and medical education. Results: The studied programs contain compulsory and optional courses which contextualize social race in health. They present a historical and sociocultural understanding of blackness to medical students. However, in a practical sense there are several gaps, including a lack of cross-sectional approaches, of proposals for internships and limited promotion of community outreach programs and institutional policies to encourage racial issues. This reveals the little value ascribed to the field of experience for understanding racialized health, and shows a lack of specific practices for the health of the black population, reducing medical capacity to interpret situations, practices and behaviors in racialized contexts. Conclusion: This paper shows that the promotion of an antiracist medical education requires a training based on dialogical, humanistic, critical-reflexive praxis regarding the health of the black population. It is necessary to correlate theories and skills, competencies and care practices, based on racialized knowledge for the construction of pedagogical projects for undergraduate medical programs in the Brazilian Northeast.