Down-regulation effects of IFN-alpha on p11, 5-htr1b and 5-HTR4 protein levels were affected by NH4CL or MG132 treatment in SH-sy5y cells

Chondrosenescence (chondrocyte senescence) and subchondral bone deterioration in osteoarthritic rats were analyzed aftertreatment with the estrogenic herb Labisia pumila (LP) or diclofenac. Osteoarthritis (OA) was induced in bilaterallyovariectomized (OVX) rats by injecting mono-iodoacetate into the right knee joints. Rats were grouped (n = 8) into nontreated OVX?OA control, OVX?OA ? diclofenac (5 mg/kg) (positive control), OVX?OA ? LP leaf extract (150 and300 mg/kg) and healthy sham control. After 8 weeks’ treatment, their conditions were evaluated via serum biomarkers,knee joint histology, bone histomorphometry, protein and mRNA expressions. The LP significantly reduced cartilageerosion, femur bone surface alteration, bone loss and porosity and increased trabecular bone thickness better than diclofenacand the non-treated OA. The cartilage catabolic markers’ (matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)-13, RUNX2, COL10a, ERa,CASP3 and HIF-2a) mRNA expressions were down-regulated and serum bone formation marker, PINP, was increased byLP in a dose-dependent manner. The LP (containing myricetin and gallic acid) showed protection against chondrosenescence, chondrocyte death, hypoxia-induced cartilage catabolism and subchondral bone deterioration. The bone and cartilageprotective effects were by suppressing proteases (collagen break-down), bone resorption and upregulating subchondralbone restoration. The cartilage ERa over-expression showed a strong positive correlation with MMP-13, COL10a1, histological, micro-computed tomography evidence for cartilage degradation and chondrosenescence.

Removing the by-products acetic acid and NH4 + from the L-tryptophan broth by vacuum thin film evaporation during L-tryptophan production

Background: During L-tryptophan production by Escherichia coli, the by-products, acetic acid and NH4 +, accumulate in the fermentation broth, resulting in inhibited cell growth and activity and decreased L-tryptophan production. To improve the L-tryptophan yield and glucose conversion rate, acetic acid and NH4 + were removed under low-temperature vacuum conditions by vacuum scraper concentrator evaporation; the fermentation broth after evaporation was pressed into another fermenter to continue fermentation. To increase the volatilisation rate of acetic acid and NH4 + and reduce damage to bacteria during evaporation, different vacuum evaporation conditions were studied. Results: The optimum operating conditions were as follows: vacuum degree, 720 mm Hg; concentration ratio, 10%; temperature, 60°C; and feeding rate, 300 mL/min. The biomass yield of the control fermentation (CF) and fermentation by vacuum evaporation (VEF) broths was 55.1 g/L and 58.3 g/L at 38 h, respectively, (an increase of 5.8%); the living biomass yield increased from 8.9 (CF) to 10.2 pF (VEF; an increase of 14.6%). L-tryptophan production increased from 50.2 g/L (CF) to 60.2 g/L (VEF) (an increase of 19.9%), and glucose conversion increased from 18.2% (CF) to 19.5% (VEF; an increase of 7.1%). The acetic acid concentrations were 2.74 g/L and 6.70 g/L, and the NH4 + concentrations were 85.3 mmol/L and 130.9 mmol/L in VEF and CF broths, respectively. Conclusions: The acetic acid and NH4 + in the fermentation broth were quickly removed using the vacuum scraper concentrator, which reduced bacterial inhibition, enhanced bacterial activity, and improved the production of L-tryptophan and glucose conversion rate.

Effect of ammonium oxofluoromolybdate solution on the inhibition of artificial caries on root surface in vitro / 实用口腔医学杂志

0.05). Conclusion: 100 g/L(NH 4) 2MoO 2F 4 solution may arres t root lesion progress as effectively as 380 g/L Ag(NH 4) 2F 4 solution and preferably to 20 g/L NaF solu tion.

Preparation of tetrandrine-doxorubicin complex liposomes and its release property in vitro / 中草药

Objective Selecting doxorubicin and tetrandrine as model drug to prepare complex liposomes, study the methods of preparation, and research its release property in vitro. Methods The formulation of tetrandrine-doxorubicin complex liposomes was optimized by three different kinds of methods. And the optimum formula was selected through the orthogonal test according to the entrapment efficiency. Results Tetrandrine-doxorubicin complex liposomes were prepared by (NH4)2SO4-gradient method combined with pH gradient method. One optimum recipe was founded that tetrandrine-doxorubicin complex liposomes/ egg phosphatidyl choline was 1∶20, egg phosphatidyl choline/cholesterol was 3∶1, pH value was 7.6, incubation temperature was 50 ℃, concentration of (NH4)2SO4 was 250 mmol/L. The doxorubicin completely released within 24 h, and the tetrandrine released within 16 h. Conclusion Tetrandrine-doxorubicin complex liposomes have high entrapment efficiency with fine-looking, which is better for the further studies

Preparation of doxorubicin liposome and their effect on human MCF-7 / 重庆医科大学学报

Objective:To prepare doxorubicin liposome and investigate its effect on human MCF-7 in vitro. Methods:DOX liposome was prepared by(NH4)2SO4-gradient method.The MTT method was used to test cytotoxicity and reverse multidrug resistance of DOX liposome on MCF-7/DOX. Results:DOX was encapsulated by 90.77%. The results of liposome MTT experiment suggested that IC50 of free DOX was 4 times bigger than DOX liposome.The DOX liposomes’reversing effect on MDR was 4 times as much as that of free DOX. Conclusion:The method of(NH4)2SO4 gradient is suitable for producing DOX liposome and it has better cytotoxicity and reversing MDR effect on MCF-7 than free DOX.