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BACKGROUND: The preventive and therapeutic medical utilization of this plant is an age-long practice across the globe. This study aimed to validate the impact of dark purple blossoms of basil (Ocimum basilicum L.) aqueous extract at low temperature (0 °C) mediated mitochondrial fission contributed to induced apoptosis in human breast cancer cells. METHODS: Fresh blossoms were extracted at low temperature (0 °C) using a watery solvent. Human MCF7 breast cancer cells were then treated with 3 separate fluctuated concentrations of 0, 50, 150 and 250 µg/mL for 24 and 48 h. RESULTS: The outcomes demonstrated the presence of anthocyanins, anthraquinones, tannins, reducing sugars, glycosides, proteins, amino acids, flavonoids and volatile oils and nonappearance of Terpinoids and alkaloids. Contrastingly, frail presence of steroids in basil blossoms aqueous concentrate was noted. In addition, the results from a phytochemical subjective examination of basil (Ocimum basilicum L.) blossoms aqueous extract demonstrated that most of the credited natural impacts containing more remarkable contents of antioxidants and anticancer compounds in basil blossoms aqueous extract. Moreover, the restraint of glucose take-up was alleviated mediated by a dose-dependent manner in MCF7 cells with basil (Ocimum basilicum L.) blossoms aqueous extract inducted for 24 h, resulting in mitochondrial fission. CONCLUSION: This is the first study that shows the impact of the aqueous extract of basil (Ocimum basilicum L.) blossoms was extracted at low temperature (0°C/6 h) underlined high amounts of flavonoids and phenolic compounds bearing more anticancer and antioxidant activities compared to another aqueous extract (using boiled water solvent) and alcoholic extracts.
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Humanos , Extratos Vegetais/farmacologia , Apoptose , Ocimum basilicum/química , Flores/química , Dinâmica Mitocondrial , Neoplasias da Mama , Temperatura Baixa , Células MCF-7RESUMO
O manjericão (Ocimum basilicum L.) é uma erva com ampla aplicação na culinária e relevante valor nutricional. Neste contexto, este trabalho determinou a composição centesimal e a capacidade antioxidante de folhas de manjericão orgânico. Foi determinada a seguinte composição centesimal em base seca: proteínas 43,57 ± 0,35 g/100g, lipídios 17,58 ± 1,05 g/100g, carboidratos 17,14 ± 0,51 g/100g e cinzas 21,70 ± 0,08 g/100g. A capacidade antioxidante foi determinada pela quantificação dos fenólicos totais (18,10±0,17 mg AGE/g) e do percentual de desativação do radical DPPH (89,16%). Teores de clorofila e carotenoides totais também foram quantificados. Os resultados apontam o potencial nutricional do manjericão analisado, onde a presença de compostos bioativos pode caracterizar a atividade antioxidante observada.
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Antioxidantes/química , Ocimum basilicum/química , Valor Nutritivo , Alimentos Orgânicos , Escala CentesimalRESUMO
Aim To study the active ingredients of essential oil in Xinjiang Ocimum basilicum L. based on system network pharmacology. Methods Information on the active ingredients of essential oil in Ocimum basilicum L. was collected from different open source databases. The functional targets together with their signaling pathway were predicted and screened. The ingredients, target proteins and their signaling pathways were established to illustrate the functional mechanism of active ingredients of essential oil in Ocimum basilicum L. against the diseases. Results Six active com-ponents of basil volatile oil were identified by analyzing the network of ingredient, target and pathway. Twenty-five main functional targets with five major pathways were also recognized. Conclusions The active components of basil essential oil mainly exert their effects on skin diseases, cancer and cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases through five signaling pathways.
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Essential oils derived from plants used as condiments represent a large group of natural antimicrobials. Extracts and essential oils from plants have been shown to be efficient in controlling the growth of a wide variety of microorganisms, including filamentous fungi, yeasts and bacteria. Practical uses of these activities are suggested in humans and animals, as well as in the food industry. This study aimed to evaluate the basal basil essential oil (Ocimum basilicum L.) cytotoxicity in NCTC Clone 929 cell line, mouse connective tissue cells (CCIAL 020), which were seeded in Petri dishes and incubated for 48 hours To to form the cell monolayer. For the this test accomplishment of this test, we counted with the collaboration of the Nucleus of Cell Cultures - NCC of the Adolfo Lutz Institute, of the city of São Paulo-SP. The culture medium used is the solid coating medium, and fragments of the samples fragments are were placed on this coating medium and the plates were again incubated for 24 hours. The Biological Reactivity Degree (GR) index, which is the area not stained by the vital dye, is were observed macro and microscopically. Samples were tested in quadruplicates on separate plates. ThusThereunto, the test result showed that the essential oil was cytotoxic in the cell line studied, and that the future work in pharmacology and toxicology needs to be performed to better standardize the therapeutic dose, which is not cytotoxic as the pure oil behaved.o assess the attitude and practice of dental professionals towards using of advance Radiographic technique.
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Objective To understand the transcriptome data of flowers and leaves of Ocimum basilicum, and analyze the transcriptome sequencing and bioinforamtics of O. basilicum. Methods Selecting fresh flowers and leaves of O. basilicum as samples, the transcriptome libraries of O. basilicum were constructed using Illumina HiSeqTM 2500 sequencing technique and analyzed using the bioinformatics methods subsequently, such as sequencing assess, transcriptome data assembly, and gene function annotation. Results After transcriptome sequencing and removing insignificant reads, 86 331 137 reads of O. basilicum were obtained. All of the reads contained 6 455 365 309 nucleotides. After de novo splicing, 90 341 Unigenes were obtained. The Unigenes were aligned in COG database, and searching result demonstrated that UniGenes were devided into 25 classes according to function. The Unigene GO functions could be broadly divided into biological processes, cellular components and molecular function categories of 43 branches. In KEGG database, the data in transcriptome could be divided into 111 classes according to the metabolic pathway which included the biochemical pathway in plants-Pathogens interaction, terpenoid and steroid compounds synthesis, lipid metabolism, RNA degradation and so on. Totally 15 617 pairs of SSR primers were successful designed by MISA software, and 10 254 SNP loci were detected. Conclusion The results of this study can provide the further development of functional gene excavation, mentabolic pathways and their regulatory mechanism for O. basilicum with theatrical basis.
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Objective To carry out a phyto-chemical characterization of essential oil from Ocimum basilicum L. (O. basilicum) harvested in DR Congo and to assess the antioxidant potential of crude extracts with respect to the polarity for comparison reason. Methods The phyto-chemical characterization of essential oil produced by hydro-distillation was performed by coupled gas chromatography-mass spectrometer analysis and the antioxidant potential evaluation by in vitro 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl free radical scavenging activity method. Results A previously weighed amount of fresh leaves of O. basilicum produced 0.65% of essential oil that led to the identification of a set of 84.44% out of 99.98% as major compounds (> 1.5%). The chemo-type of this essential oil was linalool-methyl chavicol. Chemical components of oil were characterized by oxygenated aromatic hydrocarbons (46.00%) and oxygenated monoterpenes (26.75%). With respect to the amount of components, methyl chavicol also known as estragole (35.72%) constituted the very large quantity afterward linalool (21.25%) and then epi-α-cadinol (8.02%), α-bergamotene (6.56%), eugenol (4.60%), 1,8-cineole (4.04%), germacrene D (2.06%), thymol (1.64%), and (E)-citral (1.55%), respectively. Essential oil exhibited antioxidant potential and IC
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This work aims to evaluate the antioxidant activity of seeds flavonoids extract of Cedrusatlantica Manetti (Pinaceae), Linum usitatissimum L. (Linaceae) and Ocimum basilicum L. (Lamiaceae) species by using the 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl(DPPH) method. In DPPH scavenging assay the IC50value of the extract was found to be respectively 0.40, 1.21 and 0.41 mg.ml-1while to the IC50 value of the reference standard Butylated hydroxytoluene (BHT) was 0.003 mg.ml-1. The seeds flavonoids extract of C. atlantica Manetti had a strong scavenger power of free radicals. This study suggests that the mean species may act as a providing antioxidant properties and offering effective protection from free radicals. Then, it’s necessary to identify and isolate the compounds that are responsible to the antioxidant activity.
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RESUMO O objetivo do trabalho foi avaliar o desenvolvimento e a produção de óleo essencial de manjericão com a aplicação de adubo foliar em Londrina-PR. O delineamento experimental utilizado foi o de blocos casualizados com três doses de adubo foliar (0, 2 e 4 L.ha-1) e sete repetições. Foram realizadas três colheitas durante o desenvolvimento do experimento. Os cortes ocorreram no início do florescimento, a altura do oitavo nó aos 40, 80 e 120 dias após o transplantio. Avaliou-se a altura, área foliar, produção de massa seca de folhas e rendimento de óleo essencial. A aplicação de 4 L ha-1 do adubo foliar proporcionou os maiores acréscimos na produção de massa seca de folhas e no rendimento de óleo essencial até o segundo corte das plantas de manjericão. A renovação da cultura se faz necessária a partir do terceiro corte.
ABSTRACT The aim was to evaluate the development and production of basil essential oil with the application of foliar fertilizer in Londrina-PR. The experimental design was a randomized block with three doses of foliar fertilizer (0, 2 and 4 L.ha-1) and seven replications. Three harvests were made during the development of the trial. The cuts occurred at flowering, at the height of the eighth node and at 40, 80 and 120 days after the transplanting. We evaluated the height, leaf area, dry matter production of leaves and essential oil yield. The application of 4 L ha-1 foliar fertilizer provided greater rise in production of dry matter of leaves and essential oil yield until the second harvest of basil plants. The renewal of the cultivation is needed from the third cut.
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Óleos Voláteis/análise , Ocimum basilicum/classificação , Esterco/classificação , BiomassaRESUMO
Climatic factors influences the production of active principles of aromatic plants. We evaluated the biomass and essential oil of basil (Ocimum basilicum L.). Basil growns mainly by small farmers seeking to sell their leaves, which can be used fresh, dried, as flavorings or seasonings. The experimental design was completely randomized in a 2x2x2 factorial (growing seasons, environments and different kinds of fertilizers). We analyzed plant height, length and width of leaves, fresh and dry weight, yield and essential oil. Comparing the season and environments, the results showed that the plant height were higher in second season. The fertilization did not significantly influence the development and production of essential oils of basil at the two cropping seasons. The cultivation in winter in a protected environment favored crop development, production and essential oil yield.
Os fatores climáticos influenciam na produção de princípios ativos das plantas aromáticas. Neste trabalho, avaliou-se a biomassa e o óleo essencial de Ocimum basilicum L. Essa é uma planta cultivada principalmente por pequenos agricultores que tentam vender suas folhas, que podem ser usadas frescas, secas, como aromatizantes ou em temperos. O delineamento experimental foi inteiramente casualizado, em esquema fatorial 2 x 2 x 2 (épocas de cultivo, ambientes e tipos de adubações). Foram analisadas as seguintes variáveis: altura da planta, comprimento e largura de folhas, peso e rendimento de óleo essencial. Comparando-se épocas e ambientes de cultivo, os resultados mostraram que altura das plantas foi maior na segunda época. O tipo de adubação não influenciou significativamente no desenvolvimento e na produção de óleos essenciais de manjericão nas duas épocas de cultivo. Além disso, o cultivo no inverno em ambiente protegido favoreceu o desenvolvimento, a produção e o rendimento de óleo essencial.
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Óleos Voláteis/química , Clima , Ocimum basilicum/crescimento & desenvolvimento , Estações do Ano , Produção Agrícola , Meio Ambiente , Fertilizantes , Folhas de Planta/crescimento & desenvolvimento , Monoterpenos/análise , Estações do Ano , Sesquiterpenos/análiseRESUMO
Introducción: la albahaca, Ocimum basilicum L. (Lamiaceae), es originaria del Asia meridional, principalmente de la India. Esta planta es conocida por sus propiedades medicinales. El aceite esencial es utilizado para el tratamiento de la depresión y otros problemas neurológicos, es considerada como una especie promisoria en cuanto al aprovechamiento industrial de su aceite esencial. Objetivos: determinar las variaciones en el rendimiento, la composición química y actividad antioxidante del aceite esencial de Ocimum basilicum L., cultivada bajo distintos tratamientos de fertilizante. Métodos: plantas de Ocimum basilicum L. se cultivaron bajo 3 tratamientos de fertilización diferentes. Un grupo control sin fuente orgánica o inorgánica, y 2 con diferentes concentraciones de fuente orgánica pero con la misma de inorgánica. El aceite esencial de las plantas adultas se obtuvo mediante destilación por arrastre con vapor y su composición química se determinó por cromatografía de gases acoplada a espectrometría de masas. La actividad antioxidante del aceite se midió usando el ensayo de 1,1-difenil-2-picrilhidrazilo. Las comparaciones entre medias de diferentes grupos se hicieron utilizando ANOVA. Resultados: el rendimiento del aceite esencial no fue influenciado por el tratamiento con fertilizantes, este presentó alta proporción de compuestos aromáticos (estragol y eugenol) y monoterpenos oxigenados (linalool y eucaliptol). Hubo variación significativa en el contenido de eugenol y en la actividad antioxidante del aceite esencial de acuerdo con el tratamiento de fertilización. Conclusiones: de acuerdo con la composición química, el aceite esencial de Ocimum basilicum es clasificado como de quimiotipo egipcio. Su actividad antioxidante in vitro hace de esta planta una fuente interesante para su aplicación como antioxidante natural, en particular, cuando es cultivada sin aplicación de fertilizante.
Introduction: Ocimum basilicum L. (Lamiaceae) known as albahace, is native from southern Asia, mainly from India.This plant is known for its medicinal properties. The essential oil is used to treat depression and other neurological problems, being considered as a promising species in terms of the industrial utilization of that oil. Objectives: to determine variations in yield, chemical composition and antioxidant activity of the essential oil of Ocimum basilicum L., grown under distinct fertilizer treatments. Methods: Ocimum basilicumL. plants were grown under three different fertilizer treatments. A control group without organic or inorganic source, and two groups with different concentrations of organic sources but with the same concentration of inorganic source. The essential oil of adult plants was obtained The steam distillation served to obtain the adult plant's essential oil and the gas chromatography coupled to mass spectrometry method determined its chemical composition. The antioxidant activity was measured using the 1,1-diphenyl-2-pycrilhydrazil assay. The comparisons of the means of the three groups were made with ANOVA. Results: the yield of the essential oil was not influenced by the fertilizer treatment. It showed high proportion of aromatic compounds (estragole and eugenol) and oxygenated monoterpenes (linalool and eucalyptol). There was significant variation in the content of eugenol and in the antioxidant activity according to the fertilizer treatment. Conclusions: according to the chemical composition, the essential oil of Ocimum basilicum is classified as the Egyptian chemotype. The in vitro antioxidant activity of the essential oil makes this plant an interesting natural antioxidant, in particular, when it is grown without fertilizer.
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Sweet basil (Ocimum basilicum) is an annual herb plant belonging to the Lamiaceae family that is used as a drug, spice and fresh vegetable. In order to study the effects of different levels of water stress on some element of the plant, O. basilicum was subjected to deficit irrigation using four treatments viz. control, irrigated with 70% of soil water capacity (SWC), Treatment 1, irrigated with 50% SWC, Treatment 2, irrigated with 30% SWC and Treatment 3, irrigated with 10 % SWC. Plants were divided into four growth stages, Viz., vegetative (35 days after sowing, DAS), pre-flowering (49 DAS), flowering (63 DAS) and seed setting (77 DAS). Essential elements of leaves were investigated under these irrigation treatments at each growth stages. The results at the end of each growth stage indicated that there is no significant reduction in essential elements quantities compared to that of full irrigation control. The quantities remained high even in the lowest irrigation plants (T3, 10% SWC). The lowest irrigation plants accumulated, high nitrogen (N) Calcium (Ca) , magnesium (Mg), potassium (K) and phosphor (P), compared to control plants. Moreover, low irrigation helped Ocimum plants to accumulate less chloride than the full irrigated control. These results may be attributed to the ability of this plant to acclimate to water shortage.
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O objetivo do trabalho foi avaliar a eficiência de tratamentos pré-germinativos na superação da dormência de sementes de manjericão, produzidas no Horto de Plantas Medicinais da Unimontes, em fevereiro de 2011. Foram realizadas as seguintes determinações para avaliação da qualidade fisiológica das sementes: teor de água, germinação, primeira contagem de germinação, emergência de plântulas e índice de velocidade de emergência. O delineamento experimental utilizado foi inteiramente casualizado com quatro repetições de 50 sementes por tratamento, sendo T1- testemunha; T2 - pré esfriamento das sementes em câmara tipo BOD sob temperatura de 10ºC por 4 dias; T3 - embebição das sementes em água destilada por 24 horas; T4 - embebição das sementes em solução contendo KNO3 a 0,2 % por 5 minutos e T5 - sementes submetidas em água destilada a temperatura de 70ºC por 5 minutos. Os dados foram submetidos à análise de variância e as médias comparadas pelo teste Scott - Knott a 5% de probabilidade. O tratamento pré esfriamento em câmara tipo BOD a 10ºC por 4 dias reduz a dormência e promove incrementos na qualidade fisiológica das sementes do manjericão.
Aiming in order to assess the effectiveness of treatments to overcome dormancy in seeds of basil, an experiment was conducted at the Laboratory of Seed Analysis of Unimontes. Following determinations were performed to evaluate the physiological quality of seeds, water content, germination, first count germination, seedling emergence and emergence speed index. The experimental design was completely randomized design with four replications of 50 seeds per treatment, which consisted of: T1 - control, T2 - pre-cooling of the seed chamber BOD at a temperature of 10ºC for 4 days, T3 - soaking the seeds in water distilled for 24 hours, T4 - soaking the seeds in a solution containing 0,2% for 5 minutes and T5 - submitted seeds in distilled water at 70ºC for 5 minutes. Data were subjected to analysis of variance and the averages compared by Scott-Knott 5% probability. The pre-cooling treatment in BOD chamber at 10ºC for 4 days reduced dormancy and promotes increases in the physiological quality of seeds of basil.
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Germinação , Dormência de Plantas , Sementes/crescimento & desenvolvimento , Produção Agrícola , Ocimum basilicum/fisiologiaRESUMO
Objetivo - O manjericão (Ocimum basilicum L.) é uma planta comumente utilizada na culinária e tem sido apontado pelas suas propriedades benéficas à saúde, possuindo importantes efeitos antioxidantes, anti-inflamatórios e hepato-protetores. O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar os efeitos da administração de manjericão (Ocimum basilicum L.) no perfil bioquímico de ratos. Método - Trinta ratos machos da linhagem Wistar foram utilizados. Os ratos foram divididos aleatoriamente em três grupos de 10 animais e receberam tratamentos ad libitum por um período de trinta dias. O primeiro grupo (G1) recebeu água ad libitum, o segundo e terceiro grupos (G2 e G3) receberam infusão de manjericão nas concentrações de 20g/L e 40g/L, respectivamente. Foram feitas análises de glicemia, colesterol total, HDL-c, triglicerídeos, proteína C reativa (PCR), creatinina, aspartato aminotransferase (AST) e alanina aminotransferase (ALT). Resultados - A utilização do Ocimum basilicum L. promoveu redução de 37,44% no índice de colesterol total e de 34,55% nos níveis de triglicerídeos, e aumento de 39% nos níveis de HDL-c em relação ao grupo controle. Considerando a glicemia houve redução de 11,40% e 19,36% utilizando concentrações de 20 g/L e 40 g/L do manjericão, respectivamente. Não houve alteração significativa nos níveis de creatinina, PCR e enzimas hepáticas. Conclusão - Os resultados sobre as variáveis bioquímicas são promissores, visto que as alterações podem beneficiar indivíduos em condições de hipercolesterolemia e hiperglicemia, auxiliando na prevenção e tratamento de distúrbios crônico-degenerativos. Sugere-se que novos estudos sejam realizados, como a análise de toxicidade da infusão de manjericão em ratos Wistar e determinação dos constituintes químicos da infusão.
Objective - Basil (Ocimum basilicum L.) is a plant commonly used in culinary and it has been indicated for their beneficial health properties, such as significant antioxidant, anti-inflammatory and hepato-protective effects. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of basil (Ocimum basilicum L.) by oral administration in the biochemical profile of rats. Method - Thirty male Wistar rats were randomly divided in three groups of 10 animals, and were fed ad libitum for 30 days. The first group (G1) received water ad libitum, the second and third groups (G2 and G3) received an infusion of basil at concentrations of 20 g/L and 40 g/L, respectively. Levels of glucose, total cholesterol, HDL-C, triglycerides, C-reactive protein (CRP), creatinine, aspartate aminotransferase (AST) and alanine aminotransferase (ALT) were analyzed. Results - The use of O. basilicum L. decreased 37.44% in cholesterol levels and 34.55% in triglyceride levels, and increased 39.00% in HDL-c levels. Whereas the blood glycemic decreased 11.40% and 19.36% using concentrations of 20g/L and 40g/L of basil, respectively. There was no significant modification in creatinine levels, CRP and liver enzymes. Conclusion - The results show that O. basilicum L. can be helpful to prevent hyperglycemia and dyslipidemias but further studies should be done, such as the toxic analysis of basil infusion in male Wistar rats and the determination of the chemical constituents of the infusion.
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Animais , Glicemia/metabolismo , Lipídeos , Ocimum basilicum/química , Preparações de Plantas/uso terapêutico , Ratos WistarRESUMO
O presente trabalho teve como objetivo avaliar o efeito de diferentes densidades de plantas nas características produtivas do manjericão (Ocimum basilicum L.), cultivado a campo. O experimento foi conduzido na estação experimental pertencente à UNIOESTE, em Marechal Cândido Rondon PR, no período de setembro a dezembro de 2010. O delineamento utilizado foi o de blocos casualizados, em esquema fatorial 5x2, com três repetições. O primeiro fator foi constituído de cinco espaçamentos entre plantas (0,10; 0,20; 0,30; 0,40; 0,50 m) e o segundo de dois espaçamentos entre linhas de plantio (0,20 e 0,30 m). As variáveis avaliadas foram altura de planta, diâmetro da copa, número de folhas, área foliar, massa fresca da parte aérea e das folhas, massa seca das folhas e das raízes, e determinadas a produção de massa fresca das folhas e da parte aérea. Os menores espaçamentos entre plantas e entre linhas proporcionaram maior produção de massa por área.
This study aimed to evaluate the effect of different plant densities on the yield characteristics of basil (Ocimum basilicum L.) cultivated in the field. The experiment was conducted at the experimental station belonging to UNIOESTE in Marechal Candido Rondon - PR for the period September to December 2010. The design was randomized blocks in a 5x2 factorial arrangement with three replications. The first factor consisted of five plant spacings (0.10, 0.20, 0.30, 0.40, 0.50 m) and the second of two planting spacings (0.20 and 0, 30 m). The smaller spacing between plants and between rows, to provide greater mass production by area.
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Ocimum basilicum/crescimento & desenvolvimento , Eficiência/classificação , Produção AgrícolaRESUMO
Objective To investigate protective effect of aqueous extracts of Ocimum basilicum L. (OBL) on adriamycin-induced cardiotoxicity. Methods Fifty Wistar rats were divided into five groups randomly receiving intragastric normal saline (control group and ADR group), 75, 150, 300 mg/kg OBL (OBL groups) once a day for 11 d. Simultaneously, ADR group and three OBL groups were intraperitoneally administered with 5 mg/kg ADR every other day, totally five times. Two hours later after the last dosage, the rat hearts were surgically removed, then myocardial glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) activity, superoxide dismutase (SOD) and malondialdehyde (MDA) content were determined and the myocardial ultrastructure was observed under electron microscope. Results Compared with control, MDA was increased (P
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AIM:To explore the effects of extract from Ocimum basilicum L.(OBL)on regulation of lipid metabolism in rat with hyperlipidemia.METHODS:Rat model was eatablished by being douched high fat emulsion and blood samples were collected in 28 days,the total cholesterol(TC),triglyceride(TG),high density lipoprotein cholesterol(HDL-C),low density lipoprotein cholesterol(LDL-C),the liver slurry of TC、TG and the index of liver were measured.RESULTS:Two extracts of OBL diminished the serum concentration of TC and LDL and TC and TG in the liver slurry,and increased the HDL level.CONCLUSION:The extract of OBL could regulate the lipid metabolism,prevent and treat hyperlipidemia.