Mori Folium Improves Glucose and Lipid Metabolism Disorders in Rats with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus by Regulating PI3K/Akt/PPARα/CPT-1 Pathway / 中国实验方剂学杂志

ObjectiveTo investigate the effect and mechanism of Mori Folium extract on the glucose and lipid metabolism disorders in the liver of rats with type 2 diabetes mellitus （T2DM） through the phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase/protein kinase B/peroxisome proliferation-activated receptor α/carnitine palmitoyl transferase-1 （PI3K/Akt/PPARα/CPT-1） signaling pathway. MethodThe T2DM model was induced by the high-fat diet combined with the intraperitoneal injection of streptozotocin （STZ）. The model rats were randomly divided into a model group， a metformin （0.2 g·kg-1） group， and a Mori Folium water extract （4.0 g·kg-1） group according to blood glucose and body weight. In the 8-week administration， fasting blood glucose was measured at the same time every week. The histomorphological and fat changes in the rat liver were observed by hematoxylin-eosin （HE） staining and oil red O staining. The levels of total cholesterol （TC）， triglyceride （TG）， low-density lipoprotein cholesterol （LDL-C）， high-density lipoprotein cholesterol （HDL-C）， alanine aminotransferase （ALT）， and aspartate aminotransferase （AST） in the serum were measured by biochemical methods. Western blot （WB） was used to quantitatively detect the protein expression of p-PI3K，PI3K，p-Akt，Akt，PPARα，and CPT-1 in the rat liver. ResultAfter 8-week administration， the blood glucose of rats was higher in the model group than that in the control group （P<0.01）， and lower in the Mori Folium water extract group than that in the model group （P<0.01）. The results of HE staining showed that the liver tissue structure of the control group was complete， and the hepatocytes were arranged radially around the central vein， while the hepatocyte injury in the model group was obvious. Compared with the model group， the Mori Folium water extract group showed improved vacuolar degeneration and no lesions such as small bile duct hyperplasia. Oil red O staining showed that there was no obvious steatosis and necrosis in the hepatocytes of rats in the control group， and no lipid droplets in the hepatocytes were observed， while the model group showed increased lipid droplets. Mori Folium significantly reduced the lipid droplets in the liver. Biochemical analysis showed that the levels of TC， TG， LDL-C， AST， and ALT in the model group were significantly higher than those in control group （P<0.01）. The levels of TC， TG， LDL-C， AST， and ALT in the Mori Folium water extract group were significantly lower than those in the model group （P<0.05，P<0.01）. WB showed that the protein expression of p-PI3K/PI3K， p-Akt/Akt， PPARα， and CPT-1 in the model group were lower than those in the control group （P<0.01）. Mori Folium water extract could increase the protein expression of p-PI3K/PI3K， p-Akt/Akt， PPARα， and CPT-1 （P<0.05 or P<0.01）. ConclusionThe hypoglycemic mechanism of Mori Folium water extract may be related to the regulation of the PI3K/Akt/PPARα/CPT-1 signaling pathway.

Angiotensin Ⅱ receptor blocker induces the activation of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma / 中国糖尿病杂志

Objective To observe the effect of angiotensin Ⅱ receptor blockers(ARBs)on peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma(PPAR-γ)and to explore its mechanism for improving glucose and lipids metabolism.Methods Dual-luciferase gene reporting system was used to reflect PPAR-γ promoter activation by irbesartan and telmisartan.RT-PCR was used to reflect PPAR-γ mRNA by activation of irbesartan and telmisartan.Results Irbesartan and telmisartan may increase COS-7 cells PPAR-γ promoter expression and increase 3T3-L1 cells PPAR-γ mRNA expression in dose and time-dependent manners.Conclusions ARB may activate PPARs system to play a role in improving the glucose and lipids metabolism

Expressions and clinical significance of PPAR? and MMP-9 in placental tissues of patients with hypertensive disorder-complicating pregnancy / 西安交通大学学报(医学版)

Objective To investigate the expressions and clinical significance of PPAR? and MMP-9 in the genesis and development of hypertensive disorder-complicating pregnancy(HDCP).Methods The expressions of PPAR? and MMP-9 in placenta of 31 normal pregnant women(control group) and 36 pregnant women with hypertensive disorder-complicating pregnancy(experimental group) were detected by using SP method of immunohistochemistry,and the relationship between PPAR? and MMP-9 expressions and hypertensive disorder-complicating pregnancy was explored.Results ① PPAR? expression in placental tissues was significantly higher in the experimental group than in the control group(P