RESUMO
La amaurosis cortical aguda es una complicación dramática y poco común de la preeclampsia. Se presenta un caso de paciente de 29 años con diagnóstico de preeclampsia grave quien describió deterioro de la agudeza visual repentino en el puerperio inmediato. El fondo de ojo fue normal. La paciente identificaba la luz intensa. Las pupilas estaban reactivas y no se observo la presencia de nistagmo. Se le realizó una resonancia magnética cuyos resultados fueron normales, por lo que se realizó el diagnóstico de amaurosis cortical aguda.
Acute cortical blindness is an uncommon and dramatic complication of preeclampsia. We present a case of a 29 years-old patient with diagnosis of severe preeclampsia who described a sudden loss of visual acuity during immediate puerperium. Fundi were normal. Pupils were reactive and there was no nystagmus A magnetic resonance were performed with normal results, because diagnosis of acute cortical blindness was done.
Assuntos
Humanos , Adulto , Feminino , Gravidez , Acuidade Visual/fisiologia , Cegueira Cortical/complicações , Cesárea/métodos , Hemorragia Uterina/terapia , Pressão Arterial/fisiologia , Sulfato de Magnésio/administração & dosagem , Imageamento por Ressonância Magnética/métodos , Complicações na Gravidez , Pré-Eclâmpsia/prevenção & controleRESUMO
Preeclampsia is a leading cause of death and disability in mothers and infants. It's cause remains unknown. The only effective treatment is delivery. Preeclampsia is currently believed to be a 2-stage disease. The first stage is characterized by shallow cytotrophoblast invasion of maternal spiral arteriole, resulting in placental insufficiency. There are no maternal signs and symptoms during this stage. The hypoxic placenta release soluble factors into maternal circulation, which induce systemic endothelial dysfunction. This cause the second stage of the disease: the maternal syndrome. During this stage, the clinical signs of preeclampsia, are manifested. We review the evidence that an imbalance of circulating angiogenic factors, the prevention and treatment of preeclampsia including antioxidants for the prevention of preeclampsia, the expectant management and antihypertensive medications to treat mild and severe hypertension in women preeclampsia.