A Study on the Cultivation Path of Professional Spirit of Medical Students into Ideological and Political Courses in Post-epidemic Era / 中国医学伦理学

In the post-epidemic era, medical workers have more responsibilities and the medical environment is becoming increasingly complex, so more exquisite medical technology and higher-level professionalism are needed. In the post-epidemic era, medical students’ cognition of the value of life itself, their reflection on the ethical relationship between life individuals and their understanding of the ethical relationship between freedom and responsibility make it more significance to strengthen the cultivation of professional spirit. The ideological and political course is the key course to implement the fundamental task of cultivating people with virtue. Integrating the professional principle education of "Life is the highest", highlighting the philosophical thinking education and strengthening the great anti-epidemic spirit education in the ideological and political course is an effective way to cultivate the professionalism of medical students in the post-epidemic era.

The Path Analysis of Integrating Sun Simiao’s Medical Ethics Thought into the Humanistic Spirit of Medical Students / 中国医学伦理学

Medicine is the subject of studying human and its inherent humanistic attribute endows medicine with the temperature it deserves. However, with the continuous improvement of medical testing technology and treatment technology, medical workers pay more attention to diseases and ignore humanistic care, which has become an important factor in the aggravation of patients’ burden and the tension relationship between doctors and patients. There are many virtues in Chinese traditional culture. Sun Simiao’s medical ethics thought of "great doctor with professionalism and sincerity" embodies the core value of the humanistic spirit of Chinese traditional medicine. In his medical ethics thought, the moral and ethics of "great doctor with professionalism and sincerity", the medical practice attitude of "being cautious and diligent", the values of "benevolence for the world" and the professional conduct of "honesty and truth" still have strong practical significance at present. It is the good material to cultivate the humanistic spirit of medical students. This is of great value to integrate Sun Simiao’s medical ethics thought into cultivate medical students with both "professionalism" and "sincerity", practice the original intention of medical and health undertakings, and carry forward cultural self-confidence.

Professionalism Education Function of Ceremony in Medical Colleges from the Perspective of Interaction Ritual Chains Theory: Take the Graduation Ceremony of Peking University Health Science Center in 2020 as an Example / 中国医学伦理学

Taking the graduation ceremony of Peking University Health Science Center in 2020 as the observation object, this paper used Collins’ Interactive Ritual Chains Theory to analyze the form, theme and featured part of this ceremony from the dimensions of physical co-presence, barrier to outsiders, joint focus of attention and shared mood. It was found that the ceremony in medical colleges had an impact on the cognition, behavior and spirit of junior medical students in terms of group identity, emotional energy, group symbols and moral sense, which played a good role in professionalism education. Some enlightenment and thinking were obtained on this basis to provide some references for medical colleges to give full play to the educational function of the professionalism in the post-epidemic era.

Odontología Pediátrica en Latinoamérica: Celebrando Logros y Desafiando Estereotipos / Odontologia Pediátrica na América Latina: Celebrando conquistas e desafiando estereotipos / Pediatric Dentistry in Latin America: Celebrating Achievements and Challenging Stereotypes¹Presidente de la Sociedad Chilena de Odontopediatría

El siguiente texto reconoce la importancia de nuestra especialidad, y plantea la preocupación por el riesgo de infantilizar nuestro ejercicio al trabajar con niños: somos una profesión científica que debe ejercerse basada en altos estándares de profesionalismo, evitando actuar como niños sólo porque son nuestro sujeto material de estudio. Esto, sin olvidar que debemos adaptarnos al proceso de crecimiento y desarrollo bio-psico-social de nuestros pacientes

O seguinte texto reconhece a importância da nossa especialidade, e levanta a preocupação com o risco de infantilizar nosso exercício ao trabalhar com crianças: somos uma profissão científica que deve ser exercida baseada em altos padrões de profissionalismo, evitando agir como crianças apenas porque são nosso sujeito material de estudo. Isso, sem esquecer que devemos nos adaptar ao processo de crescimento e desenvolvimento bio-psico-social de nossos pacientes.

The following text recognizes the importance of our specialty, and raises concern about the risk of infantilizing our practice when working with children: we are a scientific profession that must be practiced based on high standards of professionalism, avoiding acting like children just because they are our material subject study. This, without forgetting that we must adapt to the process of growth and bio-psycho-social development of our patients.

An ophthalmology professionalism survey tool: Outcomes from a multi-center study in Central India

Purpose: To describe a professionalism survey tool and its use to assess knowledge of medical professionalism in ophthalmology training programs in Central India. Settings and Design: Multi?center survey study. Methods: A validated 33?question, scenario?based survey addressing professionalism attributes was administered at five centers in central India. The attributes tested included “personal characteristics,” “physician–patient relationships,” “workplace practice and relationships,” and “socially responsible behaviors.” A mean attribute score (%) was calculated and compared to “gold standard” responses by a group of expert senior ophthalmologists (100% agreement for responses). Results: A total of 225 participants completed the survey; 124 residents, 47 fellows, and 54 consultants (98.4% response rate). The total mean attribute score was 80.7 ± 9.1 (min 16.67, max 100). There was variation in the mean attribute score by professionalism attribute (P < 0.001), and a trend toward higher mean attribute scores for consultants compared to trainees across all attribute groups. The scores for “personal characteristics” (93 ± 9.7) and “physician?patient relationship” (82 ± 15.8) were the highest, whereas scores for “socially responsible behaviors” (73.9 ± 18.6) and “workplace practices” were low (72 ± 13). Conclusions: There is a generally high level of professionalism knowledge among ophthalmologists in central India. The results suggest that experience does impact knowledge of professionalism. Potential for improvement in professionalism exists in around "workplace practices", and around "socially responsible behaviors". These findings may serve as a valuable discussion starter and teaching tool to enhance professionalism in ophthalmology training programs.

Percepções de fonoaudiólogos sobre modelo profissional (role model) / Perceptions of speech language pathologists and audiologists on professional model (role model) / Percepciones de los logopedas sobre el modelo profesional (role model)

Objetivo: Identificar a percepção de egressos de um curso de Fonoaudiologia sobre modelos profissionais (role model) importantes durante a prática profissionalizante na graduação. Método:Estudo transversal aprovado pelo Comitê de Ética e Pesquisa (parecer nº 4.188.795). Foram incluídos como voluntários 106 egressos de Fonoaudiologia de uma instituição pública do interior do estado de São Paulo que receberam um instrumento (Google Forms) composto por afirmativas relacionadas ao modelo profissional em escala de resposta psicométrica do tipo Likert (1-5). Os dados foram tabulados e analisados por estatística não paramétrica. Resultados: Os participantes identificaram docentes e preceptores como sendo os seus principais modelos profissionais. Os atributos referentes às habilidades clínicas obtiveram um maior grau de importância, enquanto as habilidades de pesquisa foram consideradas menos representativas de um modelo profissional. Conclusão: Os atributos relacionados a um bom modelo profissional encontrados neste estudo poderão contribuir no desenvolvimento profissional dos docentes e preceptores e na formação de um ambiente de aprendizagem favorável ao aluno. (AU)

Purpose: To identify the perception of graduates of a Speech, Language and Hearing Sciences course at a public university about important professional models (role models) during their professional practice in undergraduate courses. Methods: A questionnaire with a Likert scale (1-5) was completed by 106 graduates and analyzed quantitatively. Results: Participants identified professors and preceptors as their main professional models. Attributes referring to clinical skills had a higher degree of importance, while research skills were considered less representative of a professional model. Conclusion: The attributes related to a good professional model found in this study may contribute to the professional development of teachers and preceptors and to the formation of a favorable learning environment for the student. (AU)

Objetivo: Identificar la percepción de los egresados de un curso de logopedia sobre modelos profesionales importantes (role model) durante la práctica profesional en la graduación. Método:Estudio transversal aprobado por el Comité de Ética e Investigación (Dictamen nº 4.188.795). Los voluntarios incluyeron 106 graduados de Logopedia de una institución pública del interior del estado de São Paulo que recibieron un instrumento (Google Forms) compuesto por declaraciones relacionadas con el modelo profesional en una escala de respuesta psicométrica del tipo Likert (1-5) . Los datos fueron tabulados y analizados utilizando estadísticas no paramétricas. Resultados: Los participantes identificaron a los profesores y preceptores como sus principales referentes profesionales. Los atributos referidos a habilidades clínicas obtuvieron un mayor grado de importancia, mientras que las habilidades investigativas se consideraron menos representativas de un modelo profesional. Conclusión: Los atributos relacionados con un buen modelo profesional encontrados en este estudio pueden contribuir para el desarrollo profesional de profesores y preceptores y para la creación de un ambiente de aprendizaje favorable para el estudiante. (AU)

Barriers and facilitators of professional autonomy of clinical nurses in Iran: A qualitative study

Religious, economic, political, social, and cultural factors influence professional autonomy in nursing, and differ from country to country. The aim of this study was to explain barriers and facilitators of professional autonomy in the experience of clinical nurses. This qualitative study was conducted on 19 clinical nurses and nursing managers selected based on purposive sampling from January 2018 to December 2019. Data were collected through semi-structured interviews, which continued until data saturation was reached. Conventional content analysis based on the Graneheim and Lundman approach was used to analyse the data. Data were categorised into 34 subcategories, 8 main categories, and two main themes, which were titled as facilitators of professional autonomy (professional, organisational, and individual factors, and effective communication) and barriers to professional autonomy (professional, organisational, and personal barriers, and inappropriate communications). The results discussed a set of facilitators and barriers faced by Iranian nurses in clinical settings. Professional organisations can play a key role by enhancing professional autonomy facilitators and increasing professional support for nurses. Another finding was the importance of training nursing staff to be competent and autonomous, beginning right from the college years.

Online Symposium Held on June 10, 2023 / 医学教育

In the revised Core Curriculum, professionalism is listed as one of the basic qualities and abilities required of physicians. The definition of professionalism and related learning objectives (1. trust, 2. compassion, 3. liberal arts, and 4. bioethics) are also presented. However, the Core Curriculum does not explain why these objectives were listed. Therefore, some of them are difficult to understand or differ from what has been discussed in previous meetings of the current subcommittee (and previous committees). To properly and effectively advance professionalism education, it is necessary to confirm the contents of the revised Core Curriculum that are insufficient or inappropriate. It is also necessary to deepen the discussion for the next revision of the Core Curriculum. A symposium was held for this purpose. The main points of each lecture are presented within this report.

Challenges of Teaching Humanities in Health Professions Education: Classroom Implementation and Educational Effectiveness of 'Mindful Practice' / 医学教育

The goal of medical education is to nurture healthcare professionals who can provide “excellent care.” However, our current medical education has many challenges to overcome to achieve this goal. The reasons are that deep mutual understanding between patients and healthcare professionals, self-awareness, and understanding of humanity, are all necessary for practicing medicine. However they have not been sufficiently verbalized and utilized in education. For medical education to be useful to healthcare professionals, educators, students, and patients, it is necessary to properly articulate these elements and put them into practice as education. This article introduces the “Mindful Practice” approach implemented at the University of Rochester, and explains how it can be used as material for medical education.

Professionalism Education through Narratives of LGBTQ people / 医学教育

All medical providers need to learn about diverse sexual orientations, gender identity, and LGBTQ people. However, no guidelines for education exist in Japan, and it may be challenging to actually provide educational opportunities. This paper reports on education using the narratives of LGBTQ persons from the perspective of professionalism education. Although the author is a member of the LGBTQ community and sometimes uses the narratives of my experience in lectures, this method cannot be generalized. Therefore, this paper reports on a learning practice using narratives and dialogues of LGBTQ persons from an LGBTQ healthcare learning course for physicians developed and implemented by Nijiiro Doctors.

Enlightenment on the Construction of Medical Professionalism from the Perspective of Moral Injury / 中国医学伦理学

The purpose of medicine is to preserve and develop the treatment in the process of saving lives and helping injuries. Medical professionalism is a comprehensive expression of physician’s clinical abilities, relationships and values between different subjects. In practice, white robed doctors utilize high standards of professionalism to practice the medical purpose and goals of "always centering on the interests of the patient" in specific diagnosis and treatment behaviors. At the same time, fulfilling the promises and expectations of medicine to the public. For these reasons, selfless dedication, self-sacrifice, and one-way pure altruism are all internalized into the basic requirements of medical professionalism: doctors should not only have the skill to revive the dead, but also have the benevolence of evangelists; they not only need to achieve maximum efficiency in technology, but also achieve the highest truth, goodness, and beauty in virtue. When these qualities are exaggerated or unattainable due to uncontrollable reasons, there will be a rift between the entrenched value systems and practical needs. In recent years, the global epidemic has had a huge impact on the medical system and medical staff, and the moral beliefs, role expectations, and value systems of doctors have also been impacted unprecedentedly, resulting in moral injury. The international research on moral injury in medical field has also received attention. China is currently in the adjustment period of epidemic related policies, with medical personnel bearing the brunt. Therefore, referring to relevant international research on moral injury to re-examine the relationship between the medical professionalism, which emphasizes one-way pure altruism, dedication and weakening or even neglecting personal well-being, and current medical practices. And constructing a moral injury early warning-repair system that focuses on doctors, patients, medical teams, medical institutions, medical environments, health systems, and other stakeholders, and ensuring its healthy operation. Not only in extreme periods, but also in ordinary daily diagnosis and treatment, it can support doctors to actively, safely, and healthily fulfill their mission of saving lives and helping injuries.

Research on the Role of Voluntary Service in Cultivating the Medical Professionalism of Medical Freshmen: Text Analysis Based on the "Volunteer Star" Deeds of Peking University Premedical Students / 中国医学伦理学

Based on the content of medical professionalism and the theoretical model of knowledge, belief and practice, this paper used the methods of "inductive category construction" and "deductive category construction" to form the categories and analyze the text, taking the narrative materials of 112 "volunteer stars" outstanding individuals selected by the pre-medical student office of student affairs department of Peking University Health Science Center from 2019 to 2021 as the research subjects. The findings demonstrated that volunteer service had a positive effect on the cultivation of medical professionalism of medical freshmen, and played an effective role in guiding medical freshmen from the two dimensions of knowledge and belief, in which the role of medical voluntary service was more obvious. However, the breadth and depth of volunteer service in cultivating medical professionalism were limited. Based on this, this paper proposed that medical colleges and universities should emphasize voluntary service in the cultivation of medical professionalism, especially the development of medical voluntary service activities designed for medical students, and strengthen the cultivation effect by coordinating with other cultivation methods.

3. Lectures at Tokyo Medical University / 医学教育

In 2015, Tokyo Medical University launched Medical Professionalism for 2nd, 3rd, and 4th year medical students to study professionalism in a sequential manner. The lecture for the 2nd year students was taught together with a representative of LGBTQ support groups. The lecture for the fourth-year students was taught together with a urologist who was a representative of a transgender support group. In summarizing the reports of the fourth-year students who took the lecture in 2021, many students thought that learning about LGBTQ was necessary from the early grades and wanted a more active learning experience. It is necessary to consider more effective learning by devising class content and methods.

Validation of the brazilian version of the Penn State College of Medicine Professionalism Questionnaire / Validação da versão brasileira do Questionário de Profissionalismo da Penn State College of Medicine

Abstract Introduction: Assessing professionalism represents a challenge for medical educators given the nature of its construct, which comprises diverse values, beliefs, and principles. Understanding this psychological phenomenon is fundamental for reaching the goals in medical education. Objective: This study aimed to translate into Brazilian Portuguese and to validate the Penn State College of Medicine Professionalism Questionnaire. Method: The questionnaire was translated, and cross-culturally adapted into Brazilian Portuguese using data from 249 medical students. An exploratory factor analysis was conducted, using a polychoric matrix and the Robust Diagonally Weighted Least Squares method of extraction. The following model adequacy indexes and criteria were used: Root Mean Square Error of Approximation (RMSEA) adjustment indexes <0.08, Comparative Fit Index (CFI) and Tucker-Lewis Index (TLI) >0.90. Result: The exploratory factor analysis obtained a KMO = 0.920, and a significant Bartlett's test of sphericity (2719.0, gl = 630; P <0.001). The parallel analysis yielded a three-factor solution, which showed adequate levels of reliability: Professional-Patient Relationship, Professional Development and Ethical Commitment. The three-factor solution was the best one found to represent the data. Conclusion: The questionnaire evidenced good psychometric properties and appropriateness to evaluate medical students' professionalism, contributing to reach more desirable ethical standards in medical education.

Resumo Introdução: Avaliar o profissionalismo representa um desafio para os educadores médicos dada a natureza de seu construto que compreende diversos valores, crenças e princípios. A compreensão desse fenômeno psicológico é fundamental para o alcance dos objetivos da educação médica. Objetivo: Este estudo teve como objetivos traduzir para o português brasileiro e validar o Questionário de Profissionalismo da Penn State College of Medicine. Método: O questionário foi traduzido e adaptado transculturalmente para o português brasileiro com dados de 249 estudantes de Medicina. Na condução da análise fatorial exploratória, utilizaram-se uma matriz policórica e o método de extração Robust Diagonally Weighted Least Squares. Os seguintes índices e critérios de adequação do modelo foram usados: índices de ajuste da raiz quadrada da média do erro de aproximação (RMSEA) < 0,08, índice de ajuste comparativo (CFI) e índice de Tucker-Lewis (TLI) > 0,90. Resultado: A análise fatorial exploratória obteve um KMO = 0,920 e um teste de esfericidade de Bartlett significativo (2719,0, gl = 630; P < 0,001). A análise paralela resultou em uma solução de três fatores que apresentou níveis adequados de confiabilidade: relacionamento profissional-paciente, desenvolvimento profissional e compromisso ético. A solução de três fatores foi considerada a melhor para representar os dados. Conclusão: O questionário evidenciou boas propriedades psicométricas e adequação para avaliar o profissionalismo dos estudantes de Medicina, contribuindo para o alcance de padrões éticos mais desejáveis na educação médica.

Construcción y atributos del profesionalismo en una escuela de enfermería en chile

Objetivo: Construir una definición consensuada de profesionalismo que contenga los atributos esenciales del ser profesional en una Escuela de Enfermería. Material y Método: Diseño descriptivo cualitativo, que utilizó el análisis de contenido en tres fases secuenciales: 1) Revisión integrativa entre los años 2009 y 2019 en las bases de datos Pubmed, CINAHL, Nursing (Proquest), en referencias de los estudios seleccionados y en páginas de sociedades científicas internacionales, sin límites de idioma. De los 33 textos completos seleccionados, se identificaron definiciones de profesionalismo y sus atributos por medio de las cinco etapas propuestas por Whittemore y Knafl; 2) Exploración con enfoque cualitativo, cuya muestra intencionada fue con informantes claves de la carrera de Enfermería: estudiantes de último año, académicos, egresados y empleadores; 3) Integración de la información recolectada a través de una construcción grupal, generando registros de definiciones y atributos comunes que se relacionaron bajo un sistema de categorías hasta lograr la saturación. Finalmente, se planteó una propuesta de la definición conceptual y los atributos del profesionalismo, validados por un participante de cada categoría. Resultados: Los atributos identificados fueron: la entrega de un cuidado humanizado, basado en sólidos conocimientos científicos, con liderazgo, responsabilidad y respeto a personas, familias y comunidades. Conclusiones: Se definió profesionalismo con cinco atributos del ser profesional que coinciden con la literatura internacional. Es relevante que académicos, tutores clínicos y preceptores hagan propios estos atributos, porque a través del modelaje de estos, contribuyen a formar a los futuros profesionales.

Objective: To construct a consensual definition of professionalism that includes the essential attributes of being a professional in a school of nursing. Materials and Methods: Qualitative descriptive design using content analysis in three consecutive phases: 1) Integrative review between 2009 and 2019 in the databases Pubmed, CINAHL, Nursing (Proquest), in the references of the selected studies and in the pages of international scientific societies, without language limitations. From the 33 full texts selected, definitions of professionalism and its attributes were identified through the five stages proposed by Whittemore and Knafl; 2) Exploration with a qualitative approach, whose intentional sample included key informants from the nursing study program, such as final year students, instructors, graduates and employers; 3) Integration of the information collected through a group construction, generating records of definitions and common attributes, which were related under a system of categories until saturation was reached. Finally, a proposal was made for a conceptual definition and attributes of professionalism, validated by a participant in each category. Results: The attributes identified were the provision of humanized care based on sound scientific knowledge, with leadership, responsibility and respect for individuals, families and communities. Conclusions: Professionalism was defined using five attributes that are consistent with the international literature. It is relevant that instructors, clinical tutors and preceptors embrace these attributes, because they ultimately contribute to the training of future professionals.

Objetivo: Construir uma definição consensual de profissionalismo que contenha os atributos essenciais para um profissional em uma escola de enfermagem. Material e Método: Estudo descritivo qualitativo que utilizou a análise de conteúdo em três fases sequenciais: 1) Revisão integrativa entre 2009 e 2019 nos bancos de dados Pubmed, CINAHL, Nursing (Proquest), nas referências dos estudos selecionados e nas páginas de sociedades científicas internacionais, sem limitações de idioma. A partir dos 33 textos completos selecionados, foram identificadas as definições de profissionalismo e seus atributos por meio das cinco etapas propostas por Whittemore e Knafl; 2) Exploração de abordagem qualitativa com amostra intencional que incluiu informantes-chave do programa de estudos de enfermagem, como alunos do último ano, docentes, graduados e empregadores; 3) Integração das informações coletadas por meio de uma construção em grupo, gerando registros de definições e atributos comuns que foram relacionados sob um sistema de categorias até atingir a saturação. Finalmente, foi feita uma proposta de definição conceitual e de atributos de profissionalismo, validada por um participante de cada categoria. Resultados: Os atributos identificados foram a prestação de cuidados humanizados, com base em conhecimento científico sólido, com liderança, responsabilidade e respeito pelos indivíduos, famílias e comunidades. Conclusão: O profissionalismo foi definido por meio de cinco atributos que são consistentes com a literatura internacional. É importante que os docentes, tutores clínicos e preceptores adotem esses atributos, já que eles contribuem para a formação dos futuros profissionais.

Tradução e adaptação transcultural de instrumento para avaliação do profissionalismo entre médicos / Translation and transcultural adaptation of instrument for professionalism assessment among physicians

Resumo: Introdução: A discussão sobre profissionalismo médico é relativamente recente e o tema tem se tornado cada vez mais frequente em publicações sobre educação médica. Trata-se de conceito complexo, pois, como uma competência, envolve um conjunto de atributos, conhecimentos, habilidades e comportamentos que são influenciados pelos contextos político e sociocultural. Várias estratégias foram propostas para sua avaliação, mas não se identificou na literatura nenhum instrumento específico validado para o Brasil. Objetivo: Este estudo teve como objetivo realizar a tradução e adaptação transcultural de um questionário para avaliação de profissionalismo médico. Método: Realizaram-se a tradução e a adaptação transcultural do The Penn State College of Medicine Professionalism Questionnaire. A confiabilidade e a consistência interna foram avaliadas pelo alfa de Cronbach. Resultado: A tradução e a adaptação transcultural resultaram em questionário com 37 itens com boa validade semântica, idiomática, experiencial e conceitual. O alfa de Cronbach (0,886) mostrou alta confiabilidade. Conclusão: A versão final do instrumento mostrou boa validade, consistência interna e confiabilidade. Ele pode ser utilizado tanto na educação continuada de profissionais já formados como na educação médica, como ferramenta de reflexão e avaliação.

Abstract: Introduction: The discussion about medical professionalism is relatively recent and the topic has become increasingly frequent in publications on medical education. It is a complex concept, since it is a competence that involves a set of attributes, knowledge, skills, and behaviors that are influenced by the political and socio-cultural context. Several strategies have been proposed for its assessment, but no specific instrument validated for Brazilian Portuguese was identified in the literature. Objective: To translate and do the transcultural adaptation of a questionnaire for assessing medical professionalism. Methods: The Penn State College of Medicine Professionalism Questionnaire was translated and cross-culturally adapted according to recommendations found in the literature. Reliability and internal consistency were assessed by Cronbach's alpha. Results: The translation and cultural adaptation resulted in a questionnaire with 37 items with good semantic, idiomatic, experiential, and conceptual validity. Cronbach's alpha (0.886) showed good reliability. Conclusions: The final instrument showed good validity, internal consistency, and reliability. It can be used both in the continuing education of physicians and in medical education, as a tool for reflection and assessment.

Validação de escala de avaliação de profissionalismo traduzida e adaptada em cenário de simulação / Validation of a translated and adapted professionalism assessment scale in a virtual simulation scenario

Resumo: Introdução: O Professionalism Mini-Evaluation Exercise (P-MEX) é instrumento que avalia 21 habilidades de profissionalismo, distribuídas em quatro domínios. Objetivo: Este estudo teve como objetivos traduzir, adaptar e validar um instrumento de avaliação de profissionalismo médico. Método: Após a autorização do autor do P-MEX, realizaram-se a tradução do instrumento para a língua portuguesa, a análise de equivalência linguística e validade de conteúdo por especialistas em educação, e o exame de validade operacional em OSCE virtual entre estudantes do internato médico. Resultado: Houve elevada equivalência dos itens da versão em português do Brasil por especialistas em educação. O índice de validade de conteúdo da escala foi de 0,96. Seis professores validaram o P-MEX em ambiente de simulação para 27 estudantes do internato médico. Conclusão: A versão brasileira do P-MEX demonstrou ser adequada para avaliar o profissionalismo médico no contexto brasileiro, com boa validade operacional em cenário de simulação virtual.

Abstract: Introduction: "Professionalism Mini-Evaluation Exercise" (P-MEX) is an instrument that assesses 21 professionalism skills, distributed in four domains. Objective: To translate, adapt and analyze the validity of the medical professionalism evaluation exercise. Methods: After authorization from the author, the following tasks were performed: translation into Portuguese; linguistic equivalence and content validity analysis by education experts; operational validity analysis in virtual OSCE among medical clerkship students. Results: There was high equivalence of the items in the Brazilian Portuguese version by education specialists. The Scale Content Validity Index was 0.96. Six teachers validated the P-MEX in a simulation environment to 27 medical clerkship students. Conclusion: The Brazilian version of the P-MEX proved to be adequate to assess medical professionalism in the Brazilian context, and showed good operational validity in a virtual simulation scenario.

O médico que eu quero ser: autoimagem profissional no Brasil e em Portugal / El médico que quiero ser: autoimagen profesional en Brasil y en Portugal / The doctor I want to be: professional self-image in Brazil and Portugal

Este estudo qualitativo avaliou a percepção de acadêmicos sobre sua autoimagem como futuros médicos e os fatores que influenciaram a construção da sua identidade profissional. Foram entrevistados 32 estudantes do sexto ano de Medicina no Brasil e em Portugal. Utilizou-se a análise de conteúdo na modalidade temática e a dramaturgia de Goffman para análise e interpretação dos dados. A autoimagem idealizada revelou-se em duas temáticas: o médico centrado em si e aquele que valoriza a relação interpessoal. Uma terceira temática mostrou a influência da universidade e de elementos trazidos a priori na identidade do médico. Os resultados indicam a influência do currículo oculto na construção da identidade profissional e reforçam a importância dos aspectos sociais e humanísticos na formação médica.(AU)

Este estudio cualitativo evaluó la percepción de académicos sobre su autoimagen como futuros médicos y los factores que influyeron en la construcción de su identidad profesional. Se entrevistaron 32 estudiantes del sexto año de medicina en Brasil y en Portugal. Se utilizó el análisis de contenido en la modalidad temática y la dramaturgia de Goffman para análisis e interpretación de los datos. La autoimagen idealizada se reveló en dos temáticas: el médico centrado en sí mismo y aquel que valora la relación interpersonal. Una tercera temática mostró la influencia de la Universidad y de elementos traídos a priori en la identidad del médico. Los resultados indican la influencia del currículo oculto en la construcción de la identidad profesional y refuerzan la importancia de los aspectos sociales y humanísticos en la formación médica.(AU)

This qualitative study evaluated the perception of academics about their self-image as future doctors and the factors that influenced the construction of their professional identity. Thirty-two sixth-year medical students in Brazil and Portugal were interviewed. Content analysis in the thematic modality and Goffman's dramaturgy were used for data analysis and interpretation. The idealized self-image was revealed in two themes: the doctor centered on himself and the one who values the interpersonal relationship. A third theme showed the influence of the University and of elements brought a priori in the doctor's identity. The results indicate the influence of the hidden curriculum in the construction of professional identity and reinforce the importance of social and humanistic aspects in medical education.(AU)

Tradução, adaptação transcultural e validação de escala que avalia o profissionalismo interprofissional / Translation, cross-cultural adaptation and scale validation to assess interprofessional professionalism

Resumo: Introdução: Nas últimas décadas, a educação interprofissional vem ganhando cada vez mais visibilidade na área da saúde, a partir do reconhecimento de que essa abordagem é capaz de melhorar a qualidade da assistência à saúde e contribuir para a qualificação dos profissionais de saúde e a formação dos estudantes de diversas graduações. No entanto, no Brasil, ainda são escassas as experiências, bem como as publicações relativas ao tema. Objetivo: Este estudo teve como objetivo apresentar os procedimentos e a análise estatística relacionados às etapas de tradução e adaptação transcultural da Interprofessional Professionalism Assessment (IPA), ferramenta observacional, publicada em 2018, elaborada na língua inglesa, capaz de mensurar o profissionalismo interprofissional entre estudantes e profissionais da saúde, no contexto do cuidado centrado no paciente. Método: O estudo transcorreu na Faculdade Pernambucana de Saúde,,no período de julho de 2020 a outubro de 2021. A amostra foi composta por três tradutores, cinco especialistas e 201 estudantes do curso de Medicina, que foram submetidos ao questionário com a finalidade de testar a confiabilidade e validade da versão final em português. Considerou-se aceitável o alfa de Cronbach igual ou superior a 0,70. Resultado: O estudo cumpriu rigorosamente as exigências metodológicas recomendadas internacionalmente para as etapas de tradução, retrotradução, painel de especialistas, teste, reteste e teste final. Gerou-se a versão traduzida para o português e adaptada para a cultura brasileira. Após o teste da versão final, realizado com estudantes do internato do curso médico, obteve-se coeficiente alfa de Cronbach igual a 0,94. Conclusão: A confiabilidade obtida foi considerada elevada, refletindo a boa consistência interna do instrumento produzido.

Abstract: Introduction: In recent decades, interprofessional education has been gaining increasing visibility in the health area, based on the recognition that this approach is capable of improving the quality of health care and contributing to the qualification of health professionals and the training of students of various degrees. However, in Brazil, there are still few experiences and publications related to this theme. Objectives: To translate into Brazilian Portuguese and carry out a cross-cultural adaptation of the "Interprofessional professionalism assessment" scale, an instrument originally published in 2018 and designed to measure interprofessional professionalism among students and health professionals, in the context of patient-centered care. Methods: The study took place at the Faculdade Pernambucana de Saúde, from July 2020 to October 2021. The sample consisted of three translators, five specialists and two hundred and one medical course students, who were submitted to the questionnaire in order to test the reliability and validity of the final version in Portuguese. Cronbach's Alpha equal to or greater than 0.70 was considered acceptable. Results: The study strictly complied with the methodological requirements recommended internationally for the stages of translation, back-translation, expert panel, test, retest and final test, the version translated to the Portuguese and adapted to the Brazilian culture was generated. After the test of the final version, performed with students from the medical course boarding school, Cronbach's Alpha coefficient equal to 0.94 was obtained. Conclusion: The reliability obtained was considered high, reflecting the good internal consistency of the instrument produced.

Effectiveness of healthcare ethics training in the undergraduate medical curriculum: A quasi-experimental study from rural India

Conventional medical education does not provide adequate training to undergraduates to resolve healthcare-related ethical dilemmas. This quasi-experimental study using a pre-post design was conducted to assess knowledge, attitudes and practices in healthcare ethics (HCE) and evaluate the effectiveness of the introduction of HCE in ethical behaviour among medical undergraduates at the Mahatma Gandhi Institute of Medical Sciences in Sevagram, India. All the participants thought that knowledge of HCE is important. There was an improvement in the knowledge of HCE after the intervention, as both weighted mean and percentage consensus improved. In Phase I, absolute learning gain, relative learning gain, and normalised gain “g” were significantly higher after the intervention. In Phase II, the intervention showed low and moderate effectiveness in improvements in the affective and psychomotor domain, and in the ability to handle ethical issues, respectively; but no significant improvement in communication skills. During the feedback session, it was seen that a majority of the participants thought that it is the need of the hour to introduce skill-based HCE into their curriculum from the first year. It can be concluded that it is possible to improve knowledge, and affective, psychomotor ability to handle ethical issues among undergraduate medical students with formal training