Hemorrhoid elimination agent relieves constipation and hemostasis after hemorrhoidectomy / 现代医院

Objective To investigate the clinical effect of hemorrhoid elimination agent made by our hospital for the treatment of constipation, blood in stool, pain in defecation, anal burning sensation and abdominal distension after hemorrhoids surgery. Methods A number of 120 patients from January 2017 to June 2019 undergo hemorrhoid surgery in the department of anorectal surgery in our hospital were enrolled in the study. The patients were divided into the experimental group and the control group by the random digit table. The experimental group took hemorrhoid elimination agent orally, and the control group took paraffin oil orally. The two groups were compared in terms of the clinical efficacy, symptom and sign scores before and after treatment and adverse reactions. Results The total clinical effective rate of patients in the experimental group was 95%，and the total effective rate in the control group was 81.6% . Compared withpre-treatment, the fecal character score in the experimental group was significantly improved after treatment, and the incidence of hematochezia was significantly reduced after treatment (P<0.05). There was no significant difference in fecal character score and incidence of hematochezia before and after treatment in the control group(P>0.05). After treatment, the score of symptoms and signs in the experimental group was significantly lower than that in the control group (P<0.05). The incidence of hematocele in the experimental group was 5 %，while that in the control group was 21.67%，with significant difference between them(P<0.05). Conclusion With obvious effect and high safety, hemorrhoid elimination agent can effectively relieve constipation and hemostasis after hemorrhoidectomy, which is worthy of promotion in clinic.

Professor SUN Zhi's Experience in the Treatment of Type 2 Diabetes: Acupuncture Therapy to Purge Stomach Fire and Reinforce the Spleen / 浙江中医药大学学报

[Objective] Summarize the treatment of type 2 diabetes from Prof. SUN Zhi 's experience in order to direct clinical learning, by using acupuncture therapy to purge stomach fire and reinforce the spleen. [Method] Sum up the Prof. SUN Zhi 's academic ideas and clinical experience on how to select acupoints by learning from professors and researching some typical cases. [Result] Prof. SUN Zhi takes advantage of the main pathogenesis from type 2 diabetes to help guide acupoints selection on the treatment of stomach preponderance and spleen weakness. The main acupoints are Zusanli, Neiting, Zhongwan, Sanyinjiao, Taibai and Piyu. Stomach meridian requires lifting, thrusting, twirling and rotating on Zusanli, Zhongwan and Neiting, while Spleen Maridian requires lifting, thrusting, twirling and rotating on Sanyinjiao, Taibai and Piyu, which in together benefit purging fu-organs to eliminate heat, strengthening spleen and nourishing qi and improving islet function.[Conclusion] Professor SUN Zhi has a unique experience especially in terms of diabetes treatment with the theory of spleen and stomach, in which the clinical efficacy has been significantly achieved. His performance has important direction to our future research and study.

Professor SUN Zhi's Experience in the Treatment of Type 2 Diabetes: Acupuncture Therapy to Purge Stomach Fire and Reinforce the Spleen / 浙江中医药大学学报

[Objective] Summarize the treatment of type 2 diabetes from Prof. SUN Zhi 's experience in order to direct clinical learning, by using acupuncture therapy to purge stomach fire and reinforce the spleen. [Method] Sum up the Prof. SUN Zhi 's academic ideas and clinical experience on how to select acupoints by learning from professors and researching some typical cases. [Result] Prof. SUN Zhi takes advantage of the main pathogenesis from type 2 diabetes to help guide acupoints selection on the treatment of stomach preponderance and spleen weakness. The main acupoints are Zusanli, Neiting, Zhongwan, Sanyinjiao, Taibai and Piyu. Stomach meridian requires lifting, thrusting, twirling and rotating on Zusanli, Zhongwan and Neiting, while Spleen Maridian requires lifting, thrusting, twirling and rotating on Sanyinjiao, Taibai and Piyu, which in together benefit purging fu-organs to eliminate heat, strengthening spleen and nourishing qi and improving islet function.[Conclusion] Professor SUN Zhi has a unique experience especially in terms of diabetes treatment with the theory of spleen and stomach, in which the clinical efficacy has been significantly achieved. His performance has important direction to our future research and study.

"Pro. SUN Zhi's Experience of""Purge Stomach and Tonify Spleen""Treatment of Acupuncture on Type-2 Diabetes Mellitus" / 浙江中医药大学学报

[Objective] Analyze the academic thought ofpurge stomach and tonify spleentreatment used by Professor SUN Zhi in acupuncture on type-2 diabetes mellitus during his clinical experience.[Method] According to new recognition of type-2 diabetes mellitus pathogenesis, study of acupuncture theory, clinical manipulation, conclude acupuncture point choices and needling methods ofpurge stomach and tonify spleentreatment, studying its characteristics. [Result] Type-2 diabetes mellitus belonging toXiaokecategory which features excessive discharge of urine and persistent thirst in Chinese medicine, but their pathogenesis is not the same, Professor SUN Zhi based on years of clinical observation found that patients with type-2 diabetes mellitus commonly manifested obese, polyorexia and accompanied by fatigue, summarized asstrong stomach and weak spleen. Tonify the deficiency and purge sthenia, using acupuncture manipulation, regulating spleen and stomach function, by reducing method of acupuncture Zhongwan, Zusanli and Neiting to inhibt stomach and control appetite, reinforcing method of acupuncture Sanyinjiao, Taibai, Pishu to enhance the transport of the spleen, meaning purging stomach and tonifying spleen. This treatment of type-2 diabetes mellitus in clinic achieved good results. [Conclusion]Purge stomach and tonify spleentreatment offers a new way of acupuncture to treat diabetes, deserving further exploration, popularization and application.

Determination of Aliphatic Amines in Infant Food Packaging Materials by High Performance Liquid Chromatography / 分析化学

Aliphatic amines in infant food packaging materials were extracted and concentrated by 0 . 5 mL of acidified methanol using gas purge microsyringe extraction ( GP-MSE ) . Pre-column fluorescence labeling of amines was achieved in mild conditions with 10-ethyl-acridine-2-sulfonyl chloride ( EASC ) as labeling reagent. The derivatization was carried out at 60℃ and pH 10. The derivatives were successfully separated on a Hypersil GOLD column with excitation and emission wavelengths of 262 and 430 nm, respectively. The detection limits were in the range of 0. 4-0. 6 μg/kg, and the quantitation limits were in the range of 1. 2-2. 1 μg/kg. All analytes were in good linearity in the concentration range of 2. 0-2000 μg/L with correlation coefficients of higher than 0. 998. The developed method was characterized by celerity, accuracy and high sensitivity. It was successfully applied to the determination of aliphatic amines in infant food packaging materials.

Anorexia Nervosa And Eating Disorder Not Otherwise Specified (Nos) In Singapore: A Seven-Year Retrospective Study

Objective: Anorexia nervosa and eating disorder not otherwise specified (NOS), an eating disorder not fulfilling anorexia nervosa DSM-IV criteria are on a rising trend in Singapore. The aims of this paper were to study the clinical characteristics and features of patients with anorexia and eating disorder NOS in Singapore. Methods: A retrospective cohort analysis of 373 patients between 2003 and 2010 at a tertiary hospital was done. Inclusion criteria included inpatients and outpatients with the age range of 12 years old to 40 years old fulfilling the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual (DSM)-IV criteria for anorexia nervosa and patients with the diagnosis of eating disorder NOS. The subjects are analyzed based on the severity of the eating disorder and the presentation subtypes. Results: An analysis of the overall demographic data revealed the female to the male ratio to be 22.4:1. The Chinese formed the largest ethnic group in the study population with 242 (86.1%) patients, and the bulk of the patients (75.8%) patients were between 12 to 20 years old. Anorexia nervosarestricting subtype was the most common eating disorder (55.2%) and the most common body mass Index (BMI) was between BMI 14.6 – 16.5 (35.2%). Restriction technique (p = 0.01), binge/purge (p = 0.03) and exercise (p < 0.001) are statistically significant to cause transaminitis in patients. Conclusion: There were significant changes in the demographics compared to the study reviewing patients from 1994 and 2002. There was a significant increase in the Caucasian population with changes in the Singapore immigration policy. A detail history taken during first visit can reduce the morbidity and mortality of these patients.

Determination of dichloromethane in drinking water by purge and trap gas chromatography-mass spectrometry / 国际检验医学杂志

Objective To establish a method for determination of dichloromethane in drinking water by purge and trap gas chro‐matography‐mass spectrometry .Methods Dichloromethane in drinking water was purged and trapped ,then desorbed and detected by using gas chromatography‐mass spectrometry .Quantitive analysis was conducted by using standard curve under selected ion mo‐nitoring (SIM) mode .Results The operation of this method was simple ,and its limit of detection (LOD) was 0 .005 ng/mL .The recovery rate was higher than 97% ,and the relative standard deviation was less than 5% .Conclusion The method may be appro‐priate to measure dichloromethane in drinking water .

Purge-trap Gas Chromatography and Mass Spectrometric Method for Analysis of Isoprene in Natural Waters / 分析化学

Gas chromatography with mass spectrum detector ( GC-MSD) coupled with purge-and-trap system was set up to analyze the concentration of isoprene in natural waters. The best experimental conditions were established, including purge gas flow rate ( 50 mL/min ) , purge time ( 15 min ) , the optimum capillary column ( Rt-Alumina BOND/KCl) and the appropriate condition of temperature programming. When analyzing isoprene in natural waters, the precision was <4% (n=6), the detection limit was 0. 5 pmol/L and the recovery was 91%-102%. The preservative experiment showed that there was no obvious variation in sample concentrations of isoprene within 60 days. The concentrations of isoprene measured with the method ranged from 60 . 8 to 278 . 7 pmol/L in the Jiaozhou Bay and its adjacent river estuaries and from 44 . 7 to 77 . 2 pmol/L in Yellow River estuary, which was in good accord with those results reported in literatures in other coastal waters. In conclusion, the analytical method could meet the requirements of the analysis of concentration of isoprene in natural waters.

Bioinvaders: The acquisition of new genetic variation / Bioinvasores: Adquisición de nueva variación genética / Bioinvasores: Aquisição de nova variação genética

Given that the introduction of organisms into a new environment usually occurs in low numbers, reducing genetic diversity (the so-called bottleneck effect), and that selection further decreases diversity beyond that caused by the bottleneck, then how do some alien species, if their genetic variation is low under new conditions, succeed in evolving rapidly, becoming invasive and expanding their ranges? In this paper a series of mechanisms that allow the introduced population to acquire new genetic variations are considered. Various possible roles of epigenetic adaptation, hybridization, adaptive mutations, transposons, endosymbiosis, somatic mutations, and mitotic recombination are postulated as sources of new genetic variations. The roles of purging and biotic regulation in the successful invasions of some species is also analyzed.

La introducción de organismos a un nuevo ambiente generalmente ocurre en escaso número de individuos, lo cual determina el llamado "cuello de botella", reduciendo la variación genética, mientras que la selección reduce aún más esta variación. Entonces, ¿Cómo estos exóticos son exitosos, expanden su rango de distribución bajo nuevas condiciones, evolucionan rápidamente y se convierten en invasores, si su variación genética es baja? En el presente trabajo, se consideran una serie de mecanismos que permitirían a las poblaciones introducidas adquirir nueva variación genética. Las adaptaciones epigenéticas, la hibridización, las mutaciones adaptativas, los transposones, la endosimbiosis, las mutaciones somáticas y recombinaciones mitóticas son postuladas como fuentes de nueva variación. Además se analiza el papel de la purificación y la regulación biótica en la invasión exitosa de algunas especies.

A introdução de organismos a um novo ambiente geralmente ocorre em escasso número de indivíduos, o qual determina o chamado "efeito gargalo", reduzindo a variação genética, enquanto que a seleção reduz ainda mais esta variação. Como, então, podem estes exóticos ser bem sucedidos, expandir sua faixa de distribuição sob novas condições, evolucionar rapidamente e se converter em invasores, se sua variação genética é baixa? No presente trabalho, é considerada uma série de mecanismos que permitiriam às populações introduzidas adquirirem nova variação genética. As adaptações epigenéticas, a hibridização, as mutações adaptativas, os transposões, a endossimbiose, as mutações somáticas e recombinações mitóticas são postuladas como fontes de nova variação. Além disso, se analisa o papel da purificação e a regulação biótica na invasão bem sucedida de algumas espécies.

The Effect of Kouchuangping Oral Liquid on Golden Yellow Hamster Aphtha Model that Induced by Methyl Viologen / 中国中医药信息杂志

Objective To observe the effect of Kouchuangping oral liquid (KCP), which can clear away stomach-heat, purge fire, nourish yin, on golden yellow hamster aphtha that induced by PQ. Methods Inject PQ which can cause membrana mucosa ulceration in golden yellow hamster’s cheek pouch, observe the pathomorphological process of ulcerative lesion and antioxidation of three different KCP dosage teams. Result The KCP has the function of anti-inflammation and anti-exudation on ulcerative lesion, which can relieve epithelium necrosis and promote the recovery of ulceration. It also can increase the vigor of SOD in serum and degrade the content of MDA. Conclusion KCP has the functions of antioxidation and eliminate oxydic and metabolic products.

Determination of Chlorinated Benzene Compounds in Drinking Water by Purge-and-trap Method in Combination with Gas Chromatography-mass Spectrometry / 环境与健康杂志

Objective To establish a method for rapid determination of chlorinated benzene compounds in drinking water.Methods Chlorinated benzene compounds were extracted by purge-and-trap and separated by GC then determined by MS.Results The correlation coefficients of 6 chlorinated benzene compounds were 0.999 1-0.999 8 and the average rates of recovery were 93.0%-97.5%(n=6).The relative standard deviation was 2.45%-4.36%(n=6) and limit of detection 0.007-0.05 ?g/L.Conclusion The method established in the present paper is simple,precious,accuracy and sensitive and applicable to the determination of chlorinated benzene compounds in water.

Determination of Nitrosodipropylamine in Chemical Industrial Wastewater by Gas Chromatography-Mass Spec-troscopy Coupled With the Purge and Trap Method / 环境与健康杂志

Objective To establish a method for the simple and rapid extraction and detection of nitrosodipropulamine(NDPA).Methods NDPA at levels of?g /L grade in chemical industrial wastewater was enriched efficiently using the purge and trap(P&T)method with a Trap3tube under the standard program,including the flow rate of purge gas(40ml/min),the time of purge(11min),the temperature of desorb(225℃),the time of desorb(4min),the temperature of bake(230℃)and the time of bake(10min).The NDPA concentrations were determined by gas chromatography-mass spectroscopy(GC-MS )and chemical ionization(CI )and select ion mode(uSIS)coupled with the purge and trap(P&T)(P&T/GC-MS/CI /uSIS)method Results The detection limit,recovery rates and relative standard deviation(RSD)of the method were3?g /L,62.60%-96.31%and7.5%respectively.The linearity of method was good in the5-30?g /L range with the correlation coefficient 0.978.Conclusion The P&T/GC-MS/CI /uSIS method could be used to detect semi-volatile NDPA in chemical industrial wastewater.