Dilemas bioéticos en torno a la experimentación psicológica en los inicios de la vida / Bioethical dilemmas around psychological experimentation in early life

El documental "Three Identical Strangers" realizado por el cineasta británico Tim Wardle (2018) y traducido al castellano como "Vidas separadas" nos llega como un producto más a ser consumido desde la plataforma Netflix. Nos entrega diferentes testimonios y abre problemas bioéticos que resultan interesantes para su tratamiento y debate. En el presente escrito desplegaré cuatro ejes de problematización en torno al documental: a) la investigación y experimentación con seres humanos; b) el derecho a la identidad de los niños adoptados; c) el debate natura nurtura que hoy se desarrolla fuertemente en el ámbito de las ciencias naturales a propósito de la epigenética y d) el debate sobre las relaciones de parentesco en niños y niñas nacidos por donación de gametos que buscan el encuentro con sus hermanos genéticos.

The documentary "Three Identical Strangers" made by British filmmaker Tim Wardle (2018) and translated into Spanish as "Separate lives" comes to us as one more product to be consumed from the Netflix platform. It gives us different testimonies and opens up bioethical problems that are interesting for its treatment and debate. In this writing I will deploy four axes of problematization around the documentary: a) research and experimentation with human beings; b) the right to identity of adopted children; c) the natural nurture debate that today is strongly developed in the field of natural sciences regarding epigenetics and d) the debate on kinship relationships in boys and girls born by donation of gametes who seek to meet their genetic siblings.

"Meu corpo foi reconhecido pelo estado": as controvérsias em torno da desjudicialização do direito à identidade / "My body was recognized by the state": the controversies surrounding the dejudicialization of the right to identity

O contexto brasileiro é marcado por uma lacuna legislativa para o acesso às retificações de registro civil para pessoas trans. A decisão do Supremo Tribunal Federal, em março de 2018, trouxe uma nova possibilidade diante da ausência de marco regulatório nacional para o processo de retificação de registro civil. Essa decisão modifica o cenário com a retirada da tutela jurídica e médica, possibilitando o acesso a uma gama mais ampla de sujeitos que desejam retificar, mas não necessariamente passar por cirurgia ou entrevistas diagnósticas para obter um laudo. Com isso, entende-se que se trata de um avanço no reconhecimento estatal da diversidade de gênero. Nesse sentido, o objetivo desse trabalho é apresentar algumas questões iniciais que emergem do trabalho de campo de doutorado a respeito da transformação no processo de regulação do direito à identidade. Procura-se refletir se desjudialização implica em desburocratização.(AU)

The Brazilian context is marked by a legislative gap for access to civil registry corrections for transgender people. The Supreme Court ruling in March 2018 brought a new possibility in the absence of a national regulatory framework for the civil registry rectification process. This decision changes the scenario with the removal of legal and medical tutelage, allowing access to a wider range of subjects who wish to rectify, but not necessarily undergo surgery or diagnostic interviews to obtain a report. Thus, it is understood that this is an advance in the state recognition of gender diversity. In this sense, the objective of this paper is to present some initial questions that emerge from the doctoral field work about the transformation in the process of regulation of the right to identity. We seek to reflect on whether dejudialization implies red tape.(AU)

Del espermatozoide a la función paterna: Delivery man, de Ken Scott / From sperm to paternal function: Delivery Man, of Ken Scott

La reproducción asistida mediante donación de gametos abre a un escenario novedoso que permite distinguir entre donantes de células reproductivas, genitores y padres. Tal situación es diferente de la de la apropiación ilegal de niños y la adopción. El film Delivery man de Ken Scott da la ocasión para distinguir entre las preguntas ­que la ciencia genética no diferencia- entre ¿quién es el padre? y ¿qué es un padre? Poder determinar genéticamente el origen de las células con las que fue concebido un humano no necesariamente resuelve el problema en torno de la paternidad, que no se relaciona con cuestiones biológicas sino con ocupar o no una función simbólica para un sujeto nombrado como hijo

The infertility treatments option by reproduction cells donation introduces a new scene that allows us to differentiate between cell reproduction donors, genitors and fathers. This new scene is different from the situations of adoption or wrongful appropriation of childs. Ken Scott´s film Delivery man gives us the opportunity to make a distinction ­that genetic science don´t do- between two questions: Who is the father? and What is a father? The genetic determination of the origin of the cells used to give birth to a human being does not solve the problem of parenthood. Parenthood doesn´t links with biological issues but with holding a symbolic function for a subject named as a son

Estado actual de los derechos a la identidad, a la vida y la vivienda en la población víctima del desplazamiento forzado en Antioquia / Current state of the rights to identity, to life, and to housing, in the population victim of forced displacement in Antioquia

El siguiente artículo es un informe de investigación que expone el diseño metodológico de una serie de indicadores que permiten establecer el estado del Goce Efectivo de Derechos (GED) de la población en situación de desplazamiento en el departamento de Antioquia. El informe GED fue realizado a partir de mandatos emanados de la Corte Constitucional colombiana en aras de la superación del estado de cosas inconstitucional de la atención de la población víctima del desplazamiento. En el artículo, el segundo de una serie de cuatro entregas, se expondrá tanto el diseño como la medición de tres indicadores: derecho a la vida, derecho a una vivienda digna y derecho a la identidad de la población estudiada.

The following article is a research report that exposes the methodological design in a series of indicators that allow you to set the state of the Effective Enjoyment of Rights (EER) of the population in situation of displacement in the State of Antioquia. The EER report was made from mandates arising from the Colombian Constitutional Court in the interest of the overcoming of the unconstitutional state of affairs for the attention of the population victim of displacement. In the article, the second in a series of four issues, both the design and the measurement of three indicators will be exposed: right to life, the right to decent housing, and right to identity of the studied population.