Analysis of intraoperative frozen section diagnosis of 1 263 pulmonary nodules / 中国胸心血管外科临床杂志

@#Objective    To explore the key points and difficulties of intraoperative frozen section diagnosis of pulmonary diseases. Methods    The intraoperative frozen section and postoperative paraffin section results of pulmonary nodule patients in Beijing Chaoyang Hospital, Capital Medical University from January 2021 to January 2022 were collected. The main causes of misdiagnosis in frozen section diagnosis were analyzed, and the main points of diagnosis and differential diagnosis were summarized. Results    According to the inclusion criteria, a total of 1 263 frozen section diagnosis results of 1 178 patients were included in the study, including 475 males and 703 females, with an average age of 58.7 (23-86) years. In 1 263 frozen section diagnosis results, the correct diagnosis rate was 95.65%, and the misdiagnosis rate was 4.35%. There were 55 misdiagnoses, including 18 (3.44%) invasive adenocarcinoma, 17 (5.82%) adenocarcinoma in situ, 7 (35.00%) mucinous adenocarcinoma, 4 (2.09%) minimally invasive adenocarcinoma, 3 (100.00%) IgG4 related diseases, 2 (66.67%) mucinous adenocarcinoma in situ, 1 (16.67%) atypical adenomatous hyperplasia, 1 (14.29%) sclerosing pulmonary cell tumor, 1 (33.33%) bronchiolar adenoma, and 1 (100.00%) papillary adenoma. Conclusion    Intraoperative frozen section diagnosis still has its limitations. Clinicians need to make a comprehensive judgment based on imaging examination and clinical experience.

A case of stage Ⅲ pneumoconiosis with large shadow by burr-like changes misdiagnosed as lung cancer / 中华劳动卫生职业病杂志

Pneumoconiosis is characterized by chronic lung inflammation and fibrosis, and inflammation can promote pulmonary fibrosis, which in turn leads to pneumoconiosis. When a large shadow with a long diameter of not less than 2 cm and a short diameter of not less than 1 cm appears in the lung, it can be classified as stage Ⅲ pneumoconiosis. This paper reports a case of stage Ⅲ pneumoconiosis with a large shadow in the upper right lung accompanied by burr-like changes misdiagnosed as lung cancer by CT examination.When the large shadow lesions in patients with pneumoconiosis and lung cancer are difficult to distinguish on CT, an additional MRI examination, particularly T(2)W imaging sequence is useful sequence for identifying the two.

Analysis of Taijiquan-related clinical trial registration characteristics and reporting quality / 国际中医中药杂志

Objective:To analyze the registration characteristics and reporting quality of Taijiquan-related clinical trials.Methods:A database search of the China Clinical Trials Registry (ChiCTR) and ClinicalTrials.gov was performed by computer to collect basic information, study content, interventions, and other registration information of Taijiquan-related clinical trials from inception to June 30, 2022. The WHO TRDS was used to evaluate the registration quality of clinical trials.Results:Totally 381 Taijiquan-related clinical trials were incorporated, of which 241 (63.25%) were prospective registration and 140 (36.75%) were retrospective registration. The quantity of Taijiquan-related clinical trial registrations generally showed an increasing trend, reaching a peak in 2020 (14.70%). The number of clinical trials registered in Shanghai accounted for the most (9.97%). The largest contributor to the registered trials was Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine (4.46%). 55.12% of registered studies were funded by hospitals and universities. The registered studies were most focused on cognitive impairment. 74.54% of the studies adopted randomized parallel controls, and the sample size was mainly between 20 and 200 (80.31%), and the age of the subjects was concentrated above 39 years (53.28%). The average report completion rate of WHO TRDS items was 86.90%.Conclusions:Presently, the development trend of clinical trials related to Taijiquan is relatively promising. However, imbalances exist in some aspects, for instance distribution of registration areas and institutions, funding allocation, and population of subjects. The description of some registration items is missing or not comprehensive, so corresponding measures are required to improve the quality of clinical trial design and to optimize registration details.

Can the use of the CROS system provide head shadow effect contribution to unilateral Cochlear Implant Users? / O Sistema CROS pode oferecer contribuição do efeito sombra da cabeça a usuários de implante coclear unilateral?

ABSTRACT Purpose The aim of this study was to evaluate the contribution of the CROS system on the head shadow effect in unilateral implant users. Methods Prospective cross-sectional study, approved by the ethics committee under protocol 2.128.869. Eleven adults with post-lingual deafness users of unilateral Advanced Bionics CI were selected. Speech recognition was evaluated with recorded words presented at 65dBA at 0o azimuth and at 90o on the side contralateral to the CI, with noise at 55dBA, using CI alone and CI + CROS system. The results were analyzed using paired t-test with a 0.05 alpha. Results The mean speech recognition scores were significantly better with CI + CROS in relation to the condition of CI alone (p <0.05, p <0.005 and p <0.005 respectively). In the presentation at 0o azimuth, no significant differences were found. Conclusion Users of unilateral CI without useful residual hearing for the use of hearing aids or unable to undergo bilateral surgery can benefit from the CROS device for speech recognition, especially when the speech is presented on the side contralateral to the CI.

RESUMO Objetivo O objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar o efeito do sistema CROS em fenômenos como efeito sombra da cabeça em usuários de implante coclear unilateral. Método Estudo transversal prospectivo, aprovado pelo conselho de ética sob protocolo 2.128.869. Onze adultos com surdez de instalação pós-lingual usuários de IC Advanced Bionics unilateral foram selecionados. O reconhecimento de fala foi avaliado com palavras gravadas apresentadas a 65dBA a 0o azimute e a (90o no lado contralateral ao IC), com ruído a 55dBA, usando somente o IC e IC+sistema CROS. Os resultados foram analisados usando teste t pareado com alfa de 0,05. Resultados Os escores médios de reconhecimento de fala foram significativamente melhores com IC + CROS em relação à condição apenas IC (p <0,05, p <0,005 e p <0,005 respectivamente). Na apresentação à frente não foram encontradas diferenças significantes. Conclusão Os usuários de IC unilateral sem resíduo útil para uso de prótese auditiva ou impossibilitados de submeter-se à cirurgia bilateral podem se beneficiar do dispositivo CROS para o reconhecimento de fala, sobretudo quando a fala for apresentada ao lado contralateral ao IC.

Overview of systematic reviews/meta analyses on traditional exercise for the improvement of cardiopulmonary function / 国际中医中药杂志

Objective:To evaluate the methodological quality and evidence quality of outcome of the systematic reviews/meta analyses on traditional exercise for the improvement of cardiopulmonary function.Methods:By searching for PubMed, Cochrane Library, Web of Science, CNKI, Wanfang, VIP and CBM databases in Chinese or English, the Systematic Reviews/meta analysis of traditional exercises for improving cardiopulmonary function was conducted. The retrieval time was March 8th, 2020. The AMSTAR 2 scale was used to evaluate the methodological quality of the systematic review/meta-analysis that met the inclusion criteria. Since the included studies cannot reflect the overall effect of traditional exercises on improving cardiopulmonary function, and the methodological quality of systematic reviews was generally low, a secondary analysis of the RCT studies included in the systematic reviews was conducted. The methodological quality evaluation of the original RCT study adopted the Cochrane Reviewers’ Handbook Version 5.0.0 bias risk assessment method (Risk of Bias, ROB), and applied the Revman 5.3 software to merge the original RCT data. The GRADE system was used for evidence evaluation.Results:A total of 32 systematic reviews/meta analysis were included, and the AMSTAR2 scale indicated that only one of the 32 systematic reviews/meta included was of high-quality, 1 was of low-quality, and the others were of extremely low quality. A total of 57 RCTs were included in the 32 systematic reviews for bias risk assessment and data consolidation. GRADE evidence quality evaluation showed that 14 evidences were of medium quality, 26 evidences were of low quality, and 5 evidences were of extremely low quality.Conclusions:Traditional exercises can improve cardiopulmonary function, but with low evidence quality. Thus, clinicians should make clinical decisions based on conditions.

Study on the radiation device of 241Am-Be neutron source and its dosimetric properties / 中国辐射卫生

Objective To design and build a set of experimental equipment for neutron radiation irradiation by using the 241Am-Be neutron source. Methods In the preliminary work, the spatial distribution data of the neutron energy spectrum and the gamma energy spectrum inside and outside the device were simulated by Monte Carlo method, and the changes of radiation fluence rate with spatial distribution was studied. The model of the 241Am-Be neutron device was established, and the neutron transport process in the irradiation field was studied using the method of shadow cone, inverse square law and other data analysis methods. Results Based on the simulation results, the normalized effective does of fast neutron fluence at the measurement point is about 72.9 pSv/n, and the one of photon fluence is about 3.04 pSv/γ. The ratio of effective dose of photon fluence to neuteon is about 4.17%. Conclusion Using Monte Carlo method, a standard model of 241Am-Be neutron source was constructed, the shadow cone design was optimized, and the feasibility of using the shadow cone conversion method to establish a standard neutron source radiation device was discussed.

Lo, the ever confounding nipple shadow!

@#The discovery of a solitary pulmonary nodule (SPN) on chest imaging can be alarming for both the clinician and the patient. In the absence of a uniform guideline, managing SPN is nothing short of challenging for primary care physicians (PCPs). We present a case here of a patient presenting with prolonged cough who also displayed unilateral SPN on her chest radiograph. Through further examination, this presence was later shown to be a nipple shadow simulating SPN, and the patient was spared unnecessary testing and psychological distress.

O arquétipo da alteridade em época de big data: Uma perspectiva da Psicologia Simbólica Junguiana / The archetype of alterity in times of Big Data: A Perspective of Jungian Symbolic Psychology / El arquitecto de la alteridad al tiempo de grandes datos: Una perspectiva de la Psicología Simbólica Junguiana

Baseando-se na Teoria Arquetípica da História, de Carlos Byington, a autora aborda alguns momentos e movimentos do Self cultural do Ocidente, procurando mostrar as expressões normais e sombrias das dinâmicas entre os arquétipos patriarcal e matriarcal. A autora reflete também sobre a manifestação do arquétipo da alteridade em nossos dias, exemplificando pelo avanço tecnológico a presença da criatividade e da sombra deste arquétipo.

Based on Carlos Byington's Archetypal Theory of History, the author presents particular moments and movements of the Western cultural Self, seeking to show the normal and dark expressions of the dynamics between the patriarchal and matriarchal archetypes. The author also highlights the use of technology as an example of how the alterity archetype manifests its creative and defensive aspects nowadays.

Basándose en la Teoría Arquetípica de la Historia de Carlos Byington, la autora analiza algunos momentos y movimientos del Self cultural de occidente, buscando mostrar las expresiones normales y sombrías de las dinámicas entre los arquetipos patriarcales y matriarcales. La autora también reflexiona sobre la manifestación del arquetipo de la alteridad en nuestros días, ejemplificando por el avance tecnológico la presencia de la creatividad y de la sombra de este arquetipo.

As principais diferenças entre a Psicologia Analítica e a Psicologia Simbólica Junguiana / The main differences between Analytical Psychology and Jungian Symbolic Psychology / Las principales diferencias entre la Psicología Analítica y la Psicología Simbólica Junguiana

Este texto apresenta 27 pontos em que a Psicologia Simbólica Junguiana difere da Psicologia Analítica. Esta descrição tem um caráter didático e objetiva facilitar a compreensão das modificações introduzidas pela Psicologia Simbólica Junguiana na Psicologia Analítica. O autor ressalta que considera suas formulações um desenvolvimento da Psicologia Analítica e que estão em consonância com a criatividade e o espírito científico de Jung.

This article presents twenty seven aspects in which Jungian Symbolic Psychology differs from Analytical Psychology. This description has a didactic character and aims to facilitate the understanding of the modifications introduced in Analytical Psychology by Jungian Symbolic Psychology. The author stresses considering his formulations a development of Analytical Psychology, harmonic with Jung's creativity and scientific spirit.

Este texto presenta veintisiete puntos en los que la Psicología Simbólica Junguiana difiere de la Psicología Analítica. Esta descripción tiene un carácter didáctico y objetivo para facilitar la comprensión de las modificaciones introducidas por la Psicología Simbólica Junguiana en Psicología Analítica. El autor señala que considera que sus formulaciones son un desarrollo de la Psicología Analítica y que están en línea con la creatividad y el espíritu científico de Jung.

Experimental reproduction of cyanogenic poisoning by star grass (Cynodon nlemfuensis Vanderyst var. nlemfuensis cv. "Florico") in cattle / Reprodução experimental de intoxicação cianogênica por grama estrela (Cynodon nlemfuensis Vanderyst var. nlemfuensis cv. "Florico") em bovinos

We experimentally reproduced star grass (Cynodon nlemfuensis Vanderyst var. nlemfuensis cv. "Florico") poisoning in cattle. Star grass was planted in four shaded (1, 2, 3, and 4) and three sunny paddocks (5, 6, and 7) and were fertilized with the equivalent of 0, 750, 200, or 100 kg/ha urea. Fresh plant leaves were collected from each paddock and fed to 8 calves aged 5 months to 1 year at 10g/kg live weight. Clinical examinations were performed pre- and post-feeding. Fresh leaves were also subjected to sodium picrate paper and diphenylamine tests to evaluate hydrocyanic acid and nitrate concentration, respectively. Clinical signs of poisoning by the star grass cv. "Florico" in cattle were observed 5-15 minutes after ingestion; these included wobbling, muscle tremors, frequent and/or dripping urination, tachycardia, ruminal atony, depression, red ocular mucous membranes, and bright red venous blood. Three animals became severely ill, 4 manifested mild to moderate clinical signs, and 1 did not become ill. The 3 severely ill bovines received a thiosulfate and sodium nitrite solution at a dose of 40ml/100 kg live weight, intravenously (IV). Florico star grass poisoned bovines and the reaction to the sodium picrate paper and diphenylamine tests was more significant for samples cultivated in the shade and with high nitrogen fertilization. Florico grass utilization should be avoided in a silvopastoral system.(AU)

Descreve-se a reprodução experimental da intoxicação cianogênica por grama estrela (Cynodon nlemfuensis vanderyst var. nlemfuensis cv. 'Florico') em bovinos. A grama estrela foi plantada em quatro piquetes em área sombreada (1, 2, 3 e 4) e em três piquetes em área ensolarada (5, 6 e 7) e foram adubados com o equivalente a 0, 750, 200 ou 100kg/ha de ureia. Folhas da planta foram coletadas de cada piquete e imediatamente fornecidas na dose de 10g/Kg de peso vivo para 8 bezerros com idades entre 5 meses a 1 ano. Exames clínicos foram realizados antes e durante fornecimento da planta. Folhas verdes de estrela africana foram submetidas ao teste do papel picro-sódico para verificar a presença de ácido cianídrico e ao teste da difenilamina para avaliar a concentração de nitrato. Sinais clínicos de intoxicação pela grama estrela cv. "Florico" nos bovinos foram observados entre 5 e 15 minutos após o término da ingestão, estes incluíram andar cambaleante, tremores musculares, micção frequente e/ou em gotejamento, taquicardia, atonia ruminal, depressão, mucosas oculares e sangue venoso de coloração vermelho-vivo. Três animais adoeceram gravemente, quatro manifestaram sinais clínicos leves a moderados e um não adoeceu. Os 3 bovinos que adoeceram gravemente receberam solução de tiossulfato e nitrito de sódio na dose de 40ml/100kg de peso vivo, por via endovenosa (IV). Grama estrela florico produziu intoxicação em bovinos e a reação ao teste do papel picro-sódico e difenilamina foi mais significativa para as amostras cultivadas à sombra e com alta adubação nitrogenada. Utilização de grama florico deve ser evitada em sistema silvipastoril.(AU)

Arte e Psicopatologia: a defesa sadomasoquista e a transcendência do mal. Um enigma que reúne a vida e a obra de Franz Kafka / Art and psychopathology: the sadomasochistic defense and the transcendence of evil. An enigma that brings together the life and work of Franz Kafka. A study of Jungian Symbolic Psychopathology / Arte y psicopatología: la defensa sadomasoquista y la rrascendencia del mal. Un enigma que reúne la vida y la obra de Franz Kafka. Un estudio de la Psicopatología Simbólica Junguiana

O autor, dentro do referencial teórico da Psicologia Simbólica Junguiana, estuda a relação da Arte com a Psicopatologia e situa o sadomasoquismo como a defesa central dos relacionamentos humanos. Postula a sua formação através da fixação das identificações parentais, que inclui o vínculo entre mãe e pai e as reações do Ego a eles. Esta fixação envolve a interação da função estruturante do amor (afeto e agressividade) com a função estruturante do poder (obediência e comando). O autor ilustra estes conceitos na vida e na obra de Franz Kafka, descrevendo a identificação do seu Ego na Consciência dominantemente com o afeto delicado, sensível e introvertido do seu complexo materno positivo, e do seu Ego na Sombra com a passividade covarde e masoquista do seu complexo materno negativo. Descreve também a identificação do Outro na Consciência dominantemente com a exuberância vital, a produtividade e a dedicação ao trabalho e à família do seu complexo paterno positivo e do seu Outro na Sombra com a agressividade egocêntrica, sádica, prepotente e extrovertida do seu complexo paterno negativo. A resultante desta grave fixação foi uma relação sadomasoquista da polaridade Ego-Outro na sua personalidade, claramente expressa na sua famosa Carta ao Pai e na maior parte de sua obra, inclusive na sua ordem para que fosse destruída junto com seus diários. Byington conclui mencionando alguns aspectos da relação entre Arte e Psicopatologia e postula que o Arquétipo Central abrange os complexos fixados do sistema defensivo da Sombra, mas busca ultrapassá-los na autorrealização criativa do Processo de Individuação. No caso de Kafka, isto não aconteceu no Self Individual, mas realizou-se vigorosamente através da imagem arquetípica da ressurreição no Self Cultural. ■

Within the conceptual framework of Jungian Symbolic Psychology, the author studies the relationship between Art and Psychopathology and considers sadomasochism to be the defensive core of all psychological relationships. He postulates its formation mainly through the fixation of the Ego-Other polarity in the primary negative parental identifications, including the meaning of the relationship between father and mother and the reactions of the ego towards them. This fixation involves the interaction between the structuring function of love (affection and aggression) and that of power (obedience and control). The author illustrates these concepts in the life and work of Franz Kafka, describing his ego's identification in consciousness predominantly with the gentle, affectionate and sensitive introversion of his positive mother complex and of his ego in the shadow with the masochistic cowardly passivity of his negative mother complex. He also describes the identification of the other in consciousness predominantly with the vital exuberance, the productivity and the dedication to work and to the family of his positive father complex, and of the other in the shadow dominantly with sadistic egocentric and aggressive extroversion of his negative father complex. The result of this severe fixation was a sadomasochist relationship of the ego-other polarity in his personality expressed clearly in the famous letter to his father and in most of his work, including his wish to destroy it. Byington concludes by mentioning some aspects of the relationship between art and psychopathology and postulates that the Central Archetype encompasses the fixated complexes of the shadow's defensive system, and tries to go beyond them in the creative self-realization of the individuation process. In the case of Kafka, this could not occur in the individual Self, but was realized through the archetypal image of resurrection in the cultural Self. ■

El autor, dentro del referencial teórico de la Psicología Simbólica Junguiana, estudia la relación del Arte con la Psicopatología y sitúa el sadomasoquismo como la defensa central de las relaciones humanas. Postula su formación a través de la fijación de las identificaciones parentales, que incluye el vínculo entre madre y padre y las reacciones del Ego a ellos. Esta fijación implica la interacción de la función estructurante del amor (afecto y agresividad) con la función estructurante del poder (obediencia y mando). El autor ilustra estos conceptos en la vida y obra de Franz Kafka, describiendo la identificación de su Ego en la Conciencia dominante con el afecto delicado, sensible e introvertido de su complejo materno positivo, y de su Ego en la Sombra con la pasividad cobarde y masoquista su complejo materno negativo. Describe también la identificación del Otro en la Conciencia dominante con la exuberancia vital, la productividad y la dedicación al trabajo y a la familia de su complejo paterno positivo y de su Otro en la Sombra con la agresividad egocéntrica, sádica, prepotente y extrovertida de su complejo paterno negativo. La resultante de esta grave fijación fue una relación sadomasoquista de la polaridad Ego-Otro en su personalidad, claramente expresada en su famosa Carta al Padre y en la mayor parte de su obra, incluso en su orden para que fuera destruida junto con sus diarios. Byington concluye mencionando algunos aspectos de la relación entre Arte y Psicopatología y postula que el Arquetipo Central abarca los complejos fijados del sistema defensivo de la Sombra, pero busca sobrepasarlos en la autorrealización creativa del Proceso de Individuación. En el caso de Kafka, esto no sucedió en el Self Individual, pero se realizó vigorosamente a través de la imagen arquetípica de la resurrección en el Self Cultural. ■

A Sombra e o Mal: O paradoxo do Arquétipo Central. Um estudo da ética pela Psicologia Simbólica Junguiana / The Shadow and the Evil: The paradox of the Central Archetype. A study of ethics by Jungian Symbolic Psychology / La Sombra y el Mal: La paradoja del Arquetipo Central. Un estudio de la Ética por la Psicología Simbólica Junguiana

A Sombra, concebida pela Psicologia Simbólica Junguiana como a sede do Mal, é imprescindível para o processo de individuação e de humanização pelo fato de conter, fixados no seu interior, símbolos e funções fundamentais para a vida. Nesse sentido, como na parábola do filho pródigo, os símbolos e funções da Sombra merecem ser buscados mais do que os símbolos normais, pois, enquanto estes já estão sendo elaborados no caminho da plenitude e do Bem, aqueles estão fixados e alienados no caminho do Mal. Pelo fato de os símbolos da Sombra estarem dissociados devido à fixação e oferecerem resistência à elaboração, o reconhecimento da importância da Sombra e o seu confronto merecem todo o apreço dos que buscam o desenvolvimento da Consciência e da ética. Prosseguindo, o autor discorre sobre a dificuldade que Jung teve para inserir o Bem e o Mal lado a lado dentro da divindade e do Self, por desconhecer, até a década de 1950, que o Ego da Consciência e o Ego da Sombra são o produto da elaboração simbólica coordenada pelo Arquétipo Central. O paradoxo ético do Arquétipo Central é que ele busca a totalidade através da atuação normal e também da patológica. A explicação do paradoxo é que o Arquétipo Central almeja acima de tudo impulsionar a vida, seja através do Bem ou do Mal e, ao mesmo tempo em que expressa o Mal, propicia o resgate dos símbolos e funções nele contidos através da função estruturante da ética.

Based on the concepts of fixation and defense from psychoanalysis, which he considers always pathological, the author conceives the shadow as bigender and as the expression of defenses and fixated symbols, as well as the source of pathology and of evil in the individual and cultural Self. In this sense, just as in the parable of the Prodigal Son, the shadow must be carefully considered because, while the symbols normally elaborated and cherished in consciousness pave the way towards good and self-realization, those fixated in the shadow are the path of alienation and of evil. Because they are despised and offer resistance to elaboration, the recognition of the importance of the shadow and its confrontation deserve the respect of those who search the development of consciousness.

La Sombra, concebida por la Psicología Simbólica Junguiana como la sede del Mal, es imprescindible para el proceso de individuación y de humanización por el hecho de contener, fijados en su interior, símbolos y funciones fundamentales para la vida. En este sentido, como en la parábola del hijo pródigo, los símbolos y funciones de la Sombra merecen ser buscados más que los símbolos normales, pues mientras que éstos ya están siendo elaborados en el camino de la plenitud y del Bien, aquéllos están fijados y alienados en el camino del Mal. Por el hecho de que los símbolos de la Sombra estén disociados debido a la fijación y ofrecer resistencia a la elaboración, el reconocimiento de la importancia de la Sombra y su confrontación merecen todo el aprecio de los que buscan el desarrollo de la Consciencia y de la ética. Prosiguiendo, el autor discurre sobre la dificultad que Jung tuvo para insertar el Bien y el Mal lado a lado dentro de la divinidad y del Self, por desconocer, hasta la década de 1950, que el Ego de la Conciencia y el Ego de la Sombra son el producto de la elaboración simbólica coordinada por el Arquetipo Central. La paradoja ética del Arquetipo Central es que ella busca la totalidad a través de la actuación normal y también de la patológica. La explicación de la paradoja es que el Arquetipo Central anhela sobre todo impulsar la vida, sea a través del Bien o del Mal y, al mismo tiempo que expresa el Mal, propicia el rescate de los símbolos y funciones en él contenidos a través de la función estructurante de la ética.

A morte e a ressurreição do Messias: A Sombra, o Mal e o Anticristo. Um estudo da função ética, pela Psicologia Simbólica Junguiana / The death and resurrection of the Messiah: The Shadow, the Evil and the Antichrist. A study of the ethical function, by Jungian Symbolic Psychology / La muerte y la resurrección del Mesías: La Sombra, el Mal y el Anticristo. Un estudio de la función ética, por la Psicología Simbólica Junguiana

O artigo conceitua o Arquétipo da Sombra como o Arquétipo do Mal na Psicologia Simbólica Junguiana e busca integrá-lo como expressão do Arquétipo Central, ao lado do Arquétipo do Bem. A interpretação de Jung da limitação da imagem de Jeovah na relação com Job é aqui continuada com o reconhecimento do sadismo do Deus patriarcal, que necessita do filicídio sacrificial para transformar-se no Deus da compaixão e do entendimento, pois só assim se tornará a Trindade e expressará o Arquétipo da Alteridade. Em conclusão, o autor segue Jung na interpretação do Apoccomo a Sombra do Novo Testamento e chama a atenção para o texto ser escrito em nome de Jesus, o que sugere a integração do símbolo do Anticristo no mito, como a Sombra de Jesus. ■

The article conceives the archetype of shadow as the archetype of evil in Jungian Symbolic Psychology and tries to interpret it as an expression of the central archetype (Self) side by side with the archetype of good. Jung's interpretation of Jehovah's limitation in the relationship with Job is followed by the recognition of the patriarchal sadism within the Godhead which needs the sacrifice of the Son to be transformed in the God of compassion and understanding because only so will it become the Trinity capable of expressing the archetype of alterity. In conclusion, the author follows Jung in the interpretation of the Apocalypse as the shadow of the New Testament and calls attention for Jesus' shadow expressed in His name as symbol of the integration of the Anti-Christ in the myth. ■

El artículo conceptualiza el Arquetipo de la Sombra como el Arquetipo del Mal en la Psicología Simbólica Junguiana y busca integrarlo como expresión del Arquetipo Central, al lado del Arquetipo del Bien. La interpretación de Jung de la limitación de la imagen de Jeovah en la relación con Job es aquí continuada con el reconocimiento del sadismo del Dios patriarcal, que necesita del filicidio sacrificial para transformarse en el Dios de la compasión y del entendimiento, pues sólo así se convertirá en la Trinidad y expresará el Arquetipo de la Alteridad. En conclusión, el autor sigue a Jung en la interpretación del Apocalipsis como la Sombra del Nuevo Testamento y llama la atención sobre el texto ser escrito en el nombre de Jesús, lo que sugiere la integración del símbolo del Anticristo en el mito, como la Sombra de Jesús. ■

Tai Chi therapy for elderly patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus: a randomized controlled trial / 国际中医中药杂志

Objective To observe the effect of Tai Chi combined with conventional western medicine therapy for elderly patients with type2 diabetes mellitus. Methods According to randomized controlled design, 108 patients were divided into two groups ,with 54 in each group. Patients in control group were treated with conventional western medicine therapy and regular walk (three times per week), while the patients in the observation group were treated with conventional western medicine therapy and Tai Chi (three times per week), both groups were treated for 12 weeks. Before and after treatments, diabetes symptoms scale was used to assess disease conditions, FPG and HbA1c were detected separately by methods of HK (hexokinase) and High Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC), Diabetes mellitus Specific Quality of Life scale (DSQL) were used to assess the quality of life, Self-Efficacy for Managing Chronic Disease 6-Item Scale (SES6G) was used to assess patients’ self-management ability, and Geriatric Depression Scale was used to assess patients' depression emotions. Results After treatments, the clinical symptoms scores (1.79 ± 1.21 vs. 2.86 ± 1.66, t=-3.401), the DSQL scores (50.40 ± 10.88 vs. 56.00 ± 10.85, t=-2.156), the GDS scores (5.63 ± 0.71 vs. 6.08 ±0.91, t=-2.515) of observation group were significantly lower than that of control group (P<0.01 or P<0.05), and the SES6G scores (7.54 ± 0.59 vs. 6.89 ± 0.39, t=-5.987) of observation group were significantly higher than that of control group (P<0.01); after treatments, the D-value of FPG (-0.97 ± 1.54 mmol/L vs.-0.28 ± 1.74 mmol/L, t=-2.092) was significantly higher than that of control group (P<0.05). Conclusions The Tai Chi combined with conventional western medicine therapy could alleviate clinical symptoms and negative emotions, improve disease management and quality of life, regulate blood glucose of elderly patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus.

Tai Chi therapy for elderly patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus: a randomized controlled trial / 国际中医中药杂志

Objective@#To observe the effect of Tai Chi combined with conventional western medicine therapy for elderly patients with type2 diabetes mellitus.@*Methods@#According to randomized controlled design, 108 patients were divided into two groups ,with 54 in each group. Patients in control group were treated with conventional western medicine therapy and regular walk (three times per week), while the patients in the observation group were treated with conventional western medicine therapy and Tai Chi (three times per week), both groups were treated for 12 weeks. Before and after treatments, diabetes symptoms scale was used to assess disease conditions, FPG and HbA1c were detected separately by methods of HK (hexokinase) and High Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC), Diabetes mellitus Specific Quality of Life scale (DSQL) were used to assess the quality of life, Self-Efficacy for Managing Chronic Disease 6-Item Scale (SES6G) was used to assess patients’ self-management ability, and Geriatric Depression Scale was used to assess patients' depression emotions.@*Results@#After treatments, the clinical symptoms scores (1.79 ± 1.21 vs. 2.86 ± 1.66, t=-3.401), the DSQL scores (50.40 ± 10.88 vs. 56.00 ± 10.85, t=-2.156), the GDS scores (5.63 ± 0.71 vs. 6.08 ±0.91, t=-2.515) of observation group were significantly lower than that of control group (P<0.01 or P<0.05), and the SES6G scores (7.54 ± 0.59 vs. 6.89 ± 0.39, t=-5.987) of observation group were significantly higher than that of control group (P<0.01); after treatments, the D-value of FPG (-0.97 ± 1.54 mmol/L vs. -0.28 ± 1.74 mmol/L, t=-2.092) was significantly higher than that of control group (P<0.05).@*Conclusions@#The Tai Chi combined with conventional western medicine therapy could alleviate clinical symptoms and negative emotions, improve disease management and quality of life, regulate blood glucose of elderly patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus.

Magnetic resonance imaging in the diagnosis of large shadow of coal workers' pneumoconiosis and its clinical application / 中国职业医学

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the clinical application of magnetic resonance imaging( MRI) in diagnosis of lung large shadow in coal workers' pneumoconiosis( CWP). METHODS: Twenty-five CWP patients with lung large shadow( 39 lesions) were selected as CWP group by using the judgment sampling method,and 34 cases( 34 lesions),including 21 cases of lung cancer( lung cancer subgroup) and 13 cases of lung mass( lung mass subgroup),were selected as control group. Routine MRI examinations was performed on these three groups of patients. T1 weighted imaging( T1 WI),T2 weighted imaging( T2 WI) and frequency pre-saturation inversion recovery( SPIR) imagings were performed to analyze the differences of MRI images. RESULTS: Large shadow lesions in patients with CWP showed slightly lower signal,equal signal and equal lower signal in T2 WI and SPIR,accounting for 97. 4%(38/39) and 94. 9%(37/39) respectively. Those show slightly higher signal accounted for 2. 6%(1/39) and 5. 1%(2/39),respectively. The proportions of lung large shadows showed slightly higher signal of CWP group at T2 WI and SPIR were lower than those in the control group( 2. 6% vs88. 2%,5. 1% vs 91. 2%,P < 0. 01),the lung cancer subgroup(2. 6% vs 95. 2%,5. 1% vs 95. 2%,P < 0. 01) and lung mass subgroup( 2. 6% vs 76. 9%,5. 1% vs 84. 6%,P < 0. 01). CONCLUSION: MRI has good specificity in identifying characteristics of lesion of CWP large lung shadow. The main manifestations are slightly lower signal,equal signal and equal lower signal on T2 WI and SPIR

Vilão ou herói? Uma meditação sobre a representação do negro em dois contos folclóricos brasileiros / Villain or hero? A meditation on the representation of the Negro in two Brazilian folk tales / ¿Villano o héroe? Una meditación sobre la representación del negro en dos cuentos populares brasileños

O autor examina dois contos folclóricos brasileiros do século XIX e mostra como a representação do negro em cada um deles aponta para duas possibilidades distintas no que diz respeito à configuração psicológica brasileira, em sua relação com a verdade profunda de nossa constituição psicocultural histórica.

The author examines two Brazilian folk tales from the nineteenth century and shows how the representation of the Negro in each of them points to two distinct possibilities with regards to the Brazilian psychological configuration, in its relation to the deep truth of our historical psychocultural formation.

El autor examina dos cuentos populares brasileños del siglo XIX y muestra cómo la representación del negro en cada uno de ellos apunta a dos posibilidades distintas con respecto a la configuración psicológica brasileña, en su relación con la verdad profunda de nuestra constitución psicocultural histórica.

O fim da análise / The end of the analysis / El fin del análisis

O artigo trata do fim da análise, o que não implica cura, alta ou individuação, pois esta última pode ter continuidade mesmo após o encerramento das sessões. São discutidos os términos abruptos e que podem mobilizar sentimentos de impotência, fracasso e aspectos da sombra do terapeuta - algumas situações são ilustradas com casos clínicos. O arquétipo da criança e as análises intermináveis também são abordadas, assim como a operação alquímica separatio em relação ao fim da análise. As imagens do médico e do enfermeiro são utilizadas como analogia para o papel do terapeuta: além de curador, cuidador. Por fim, são apresentadas reflexões sobre o mistério que envolve os processos de vida e morte, e dor e sofrimento que afetam os analistas e constituem desafios em seu processo de individuação, na aprendizagem da humildade de conviver com o não saber.

This article analyses the end of the analytical process, which does not mean healing neither release nor individuation. The latter may go on even after sessions stop. Sudden analytical process endings which may result in a sense of helplessness and failure are also examined here, as well as the interference of the therapist's shadow components. Some clinical cases illustrate such situations. The child archetype and the endless analysis are also dealt with in this article as well as the alchemical separatio operation. The images of the doctor and of the nurse are used as an analogy of the role of the therapist, both as a healer and as a caretaker. Last, the article considers the mystery that involves the process of life and death and pain and sorrow that affects analysts - whose own the individuation process is challenged and who needs to learn about humbleness in order to cope with the unknown.

El artículo trata del final del analísis, lo que no implica la cura, el alta o la individuación, porque ésta última puede continuar incluso después del cierre de las sesiones. Se discuten los finales repentinos que pueden movilizar sentimientos de impotencia, fracaso y aspectos de la sombra del terapeuta y se ilustran algunas situaciones en casos clínicos. Se abordan también el arquetipo del niño, los análisis interminables y la operación alquimica separatio relacionada con el fin del análisis. Además, se utilizan imagenes del médico y de la enfermera como analogías del papel del terapeuta: además de curador, cuidador. Finalmente, se presentan reflexiones acerca del misterio que comprende los procesos de vida y muerte, dolor y sufrimiento que afectan a los analistas y constituyen desafios en su proceso de individuación, en el aprendizaje de la humildad de convivir con el no saber.

A estranheza do outro e os limites da tolerância / The strange other and the limits of tolerance / La estrañeza del outro y los límites de la tolerancia

A noção de alteridade possui uma fundamentação arquetípica/ontológica e, no entanto, é dificilmente alcançada no convívio social. A reflexão proposta aborda o tema dos limites da tolerância e da proliferação de intolerância e radicalismo perpassadas pelo fanatismo e suas disrupções sombrias imbricadas pela crueldade. Propõe-se que a vinculação entre alteridade, tolerância e aceitação do outro implica na aceitação da ansiedade existencial e no enfrentamento da incerteza.

The notion of otherness has an archetypal/ontological foundation, yet it is hardly achieved in social life. The reflection proposed here addresses the limits of tolerance, as well as the proliferation of intolerance and radicalism, permeated by a fanaticism whose dark disruptions are intertwined with cruelty. This work suggests that the link between otherness, tolerance and acceptance of the other implies accepting existential anxiety and coping with uncertainty.

La noción de alteridad tiene una fundamentación arquetípica/ ontológica y entretanto es difícilmente lograda en el convivio social. La reflexión propuesta aborda el tema de los límites de la tolerancia y la proliferación de la intolerancia y del radicalismo que acompañan el fanatismo y sus disrupciones sombrías junto a la crueldad. Se propone que la vinculación entre alteridad, tolerancia y aceptación del otro envuelven la aceptación de la ansiedad existencial y del enfrentamiento de la incertidumbre.

Diagnostic value of triangle shadow change on lateral radiograph of the wrist joint in intractable dislocation / 实用放射学杂志

Objective To investigate the diagnostic value of triangular shadow changes in carpus dislocation.Methods 68 patients with carpal dislocation underwent frontal and lateral X-ray films.The changes of triangular shadow on lateral films were evaluated based on imaging findings of normal wrist joints.Results Changes of triangular shadow were found in 65 (95.59％)patients,while 3 (4.41％)patients had no changes.There were 17 patients with simple carpal dislocation,in which 15 cases showed triangular shadow changes, while 2 patients showed no changes.Thirty-two patients got pericarpal dislocation,in which 31 cases with triangular shadow changes and 1 case without any changes.The triangular shadow changes were observed in all 19 patients with trans-carpal carpal dislocation or trans-carpal pericarpal dislocation.Conclusion The changes of triangular shadow are helpful in the diagnosis of carpal dislocation, it is difficult to diagnose carpal lateral dislocation.