As práticas profissionais realizadas em situações de maus-tratos infantis: uma revisão integrativa / Professional practices in situations of child abuse: an integrative review

Resumo A violência infantil é um problema que afeta crianças no mundo todo. O presente estudo objetiva identificar e analisar os principais resultados apresentados em artigos publicados no Brasil sobre as práticas profissionais desenvolvidas em situações de maus-tratos infantis. Para tanto, realizou-se uma revisão integrativa da literatura, com buscas nas bases de dados Google Acadêmico, no SciELO Brasil, nos Periódicos da Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior do Ministério da Educação (CAPES/MEC), no MEDLARS ONLINE (Medline), na Biblioteca Virtual em Saúde (BVS Saúde) e nos Periódicos Eletrônicos em Psicologia (Pepsic), abrangendo publicações de 2017 a 2022. Após a leitura dos títulos e resumos, 24 artigos foram selecionados para a análise. Os resultados apontam a dificuldade na proteção integral da criança devido à deficiência na formação do profissional, que influencia na identificação e notificação do abuso infantil. O presente estudo revela o lugar que os maus-tratos infantis ocupam na formação dos profissionais e subsidia pesquisas futuras sobre práticas profissionais para o enfrentamento da violência infantil.

Abstract Child abuse is a problem that affects children all over the world. The present study therefore aimed to identify and analyze the main findings relating to professional practices for dealing with situations of child maltreatment in articles published in Brazil. To this end, we conducted an integrative literature review of articles published between 2017 and 2022 based on searches of the following databases: Google Scholar, SciELO Brasil, the periodicals database of the Agency for the Improvement of Higher Education Personnel (CAPES), MEDLINE, the Virtual Health Library, and Electronic Journals in Psychology (PePSIC). A total of 24 publications were selected for the review after screening the titles and abstracts. The findings reveal several challenges to ensuring the protection of children caused by shortcomings in professional training, which have a negative influence on the identification and reporting of child maltreatment. The present study reveals the lack of priority given to the issue of child maltreatment in professional training and provides important inputs to inform future research on professional practices for dealing with child violence.

Development of Skala Kepuasan Kaunseling Mandatori

@#Introduction: Mandated counselling is usually associated with forced participation. Therefore, there is considerably higher likelihood of involuntary participation resulting in client’s dissatisfaction toward the counselling session. However, there exists literature that shows satisfaction and positive outcomes among mandated clients. Mandated counselling is widely practised, especially in the case of Malaysia. Thus, an instrument to measure client’s satisfaction was developed to capture the client’s perception, attitude and factors that contributed to the mandated counselling satisfaction. Methods: The respondents involved in this study were adolescents in rehabilitation centres under the supervision of the Department of Social Welfare (Jabatan Kebajikan Masyarakat) aged 13 to 19 who had attended mandated counselling at least twice. The study was divided into four phases. Initially, in the first phase, the items were developed based on themes narrated by mandated clients and from the counsellor’s perspectives. Next, the initial measurement developed was tested to identify dimensions conceptualized in the instrument. Then, the reliability of the instrument was tested. In the final phase, a confirmatory factor analysis was conducted to confirm the model. Results: Findings showed a 52% of total variance was explained in the exploratory factor analysis, with an internal consistency of .919. The findings also showed a 16-item measurement with four dimensions: (a) alliance-system; (b) counselling efficacy; (c) therapeutic change; (d) counsellor-counselling effect. Conclusion: : In summary, this study had identified significant factors essential in influencing satisfaction of mandated counselling clients in the Malaysian context. It is thus beneficial for counselling practitioners in their counselling work involving mandated clients.

THE INTEGRATION OF THE EASTERN AND WESTERN MEDICINE THROUGH THE PERUVIAN CORTEX / Монголын эм зүй, эм судлал

Introduction: This work includes information on diseases and important rich experiences of medicine. However, the initial work has not been clearly stated in the versions. The reason and purpose to do our research is that the work has not been introduced to the practice. Methods: The document analysis, logical argumentation, comparative historical research and hermeneutics have been utilized in the research. Results: 1. Five years were spent to print the four original copies of the work by the help of scholars and Jesuit fathers. An original copy of the work is kept in the Royal Academy of Sciences in Paris and another original copy is in the Royal Library in Copenhagen. 2. The work illustrates anatomy, diagnosis of diseases, medicine and treatments. It is interesting that the story of the work is stated in the first topic. 3. By comparing Mongolian versions, the topic on anatomy was absent in the version of Zodovjav’s translation. Different time and different word choice of translations influenced dissimilar versions in Mongolian. Conclusion: 1. This work was written in the first two decades of the 18th century by the order of Emperor K’ang Hsi of Manchu. 2. This work is the medicine book that connects Eastern medicine to Western.3. Even though translations of word are different in the versions, the contents are alike.Key words: Manchu anatomy, mandated, Emperor K’ang Hsi, Jesuit fathers

The integration of the eastern and western medicine through the Peruvian cortex / Монголын эм зүй, эм судлал

Introduction@#This work includes information on diseases and important rich experiences of medicine. However, the initial work has not been clearly stated in the versions. The reason and purpose to do our research is that the work has not been introduced to the practice. @*Methods@#The document analysis, logical argumentation, comparative historical research and hermeneutics have been utilized in the research.@*Results@#</br>1. Five years were spent to print the four original copies of the work by the help of scholars and Jesuit fathers. An original copy of the work is kept in the Royal Academy of Sciences in Paris and another original copy is in the Royal Library in Copenhagen. </br>2. The work illustrates anatomy, diagnosis of diseases, medicine and treatments. It is interesting that the story of the work is stated in the first topic. </br>3. By comparing Mongolian versions, the topic on anatomy was absent in the version of Zodovjav’s translation. Different time and different word choice of translations influenced dissimilar versions in Mongolian.@*Conclusion@#</br>1. This work was written in the first two decades of the 18th century by the order of Emperor K’ang Hsi of Manchu. </br>2. This work is the medicine book that connects Eastern medicine to Western. </br>3. Even though translations of word are different in the versions, the contents are alike.

Food Fortification in Indonesia

The paper highlights the history, policy, programs of food fortification intervention and its impact on reducing micronutrient deficiency, especially iodine deficiency disorders (IDD), iron deficiency anaemia (IDA), and vitamin A deficiency (VAD) in Indonesia. General issues in the management of food fortification, and lessons learned from the Indonesian experience are discussed in this paper.

Business and Management Strategy for Mandated Hospitals in New Medical Reform / 中国医学伦理学

Through to the new reform under the background of hosting the analysis of the hospital management , put forward according to the construction of talent as the breakthrough point , the two-way referral system , focus on building characteristic specialized platform , stick to the quality construction , carrying out medical core system vig-orously and also carrying out fine management , set up the mechanism of medical quality long -term improvement , constantly improving the quality of connotation construction level , lay a foundation for hosting the hospital sustain-able development .

Tipología de hombres condenados por violencia de género en un contexto de intervención psicológica en la comunidad / Typology of Men Convicted of Intimate Partner Violence in Psychological Treatment in a Community Setting

Este estudio analiza una muestra de 61 hombres que participaron en un programa de intervención psicológica en la comunidad dirigido a sujetos condenados por un delito de violencia de género. El objetivo es clasificar a los participantes en grupos homogéneos con el fin de detectar sus diferencias y semejanzas, y en particular determinar si valoran de manera distinta el programa de intervención. La información sobre los integrantes de la muestra ha sido obtenida a través de una entrevista semiestructurada, una valoración de sus expectativas ante el tratamiento y la utilidad de éste, y mediante la aplicación de los cuestionarios SCL-90-R, IRI, BDHI, IPDMV, MCMI-II y CTS-2. La clasificación de los sujetos se ha realizado mediante análisis clúster y los resultados evidencian la existencia de 2 grupos con una fuerte cohesión interna. Uno lo forman individuos más estables emocionalmente, con menor consumo de sustancias y una expresión de la violencia de menor intensidad. El otro lo constituyen sujetos que reconocen un mayor número de agresiones físicas menores (CTS-2) y que obtienen puntuaciones significativamente superiores en las escalas de personalidad antisocial, pasivo-agresiva y esquizotípica y en las de abuso de sustancias (MCMI-II). Sin embargo, no se observan diferencias significativas entre ambos grupos respecto a su valoración del programa de intervención psicológica.

This paper presents the study a sample of 61 convicted male batterers who participated in a psychological intervention program provided in the community. The aim is to classify the participants in homogeneous groups in order to detect their differences and similarities and, in particular, those concerning their evaluation of the intervention program. Data from the participants were collected by means of a semi-structured interview, an evaluation based on their expectations and the usefulness of the program, together with the administration of the following instruments: SCL-90-R, IRI, BDHI, IPDMV, MCMI-II and CTS-2. The batterers were classified using cluster analysis and the results suggest the existence of 2 clusters with a strong internal consistency. One cluster is composed by male batterers who are emotionally more stable, with lower drug use rates and a less intense expression of violence. The other group is composed by men who recognized a higher number of minor physical aggressions (CTS-2), with highest scores in the antisocial, passive-aggressive and schizotypal personality dimensions, and also the highest scores in drug use (MCMI-II). However, we have not found statistically significant differences between both clusters with respect to their assessment of the psychological intervention program.

A intervenção com clientes involuntários: complexidade e dilemas / Involuntary clients intervention: complexity and dilemmas

O presente artigo de revisão da literatura centra-se na temática dos clientes involuntários. Analisaram-se criticamente os trabalhos de autores que: (1) propõem a sua caracterização, designadamente no que respeita ao posicionamento do cliente na situação de ajuda, concluindo-se pela complexidade da sua identificação; (2) conceptualizam o papel dos profissionais de saúde mental, bem como as singularidades da relação terapêutica, destacando a importância da aliança, dos dilemas éticos e da motivação para a intervenção; (3) apresentam os modelos terapêuticos mais utilizados nestas situações, enfatizando-se as terapias colaborativas, e particularmente as centradas nas soluções, como as que melhor promovem o envolvimento destes clientes. Ao longo da pesquisa manteve-se a preocupação de rever obras abrangentes na área do acompanhamento psicológico que simultaneamente evidenciassem ou favorecessem uma perspectiva crítica e complexa sobre o tema. Na organização do artigo procurou-se seguir uma perspectiva diacrónica que mostrasse a evolução da conceptualização e praxis sobre a problemática.

The involuntary clients issue is the core of this literature review article. Critical analysis was carried out over the work of authors who: (1) propose their characterization, namely in what concerns the client's positioning in a help situation, leading to a notion of complexity in its identification; (2) conceptualize the role of mental health technicians, as well as the singularities of the therapeutic relationship, highlighting the importance of the alliance, ethical dilemmas and the motivation towards an intervention; (3) point out the therapeutic models mainly used in these situations, emphasizing collaborative therapies, particularly solution focused therapies, as those who better promote the involvement of clients. Reviewing extensive literature on psychological intervention that simultaneously underlined a critical and complex perspective on the matter was a constant concern throughout the research process. The article's structure is outlined diachronically so that the evolution of both conceptualization and praxis on the subject becomes clear.