Effect of matrine sodium chloride injection on a mouse model combining disease with syndrome of human coronavirus pneumonia with cold-dampness pestilence attacking the lung / 药学学报

"TCM syndrome of plague attack lung" is a classification of traditional Chinese medicine syndromes of the novel coronavirus pneumonia by the Beijing Municipal Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine. In this study, a mouse model combining disease with syndrome of human coronavirus pneumonia with cold-dampness pestilence attacking the lung was established for the first time, and the therapeutic effect of matrine sodium chloride injection was evaluated based on immune regulation and inflammatory damage. Lung index, lung index inhibition rate and HE stain were used to evaluate the therapeutic effect of matrine sodium chloride injection on the model mice; the viral load in lung tissue was measured by RT-PCR to evaluate its antiviral effect; the percentage of CD4+ T cells, CD8+ T cells and B cells were detected by flow cytometry to evaluate its immunomodulatory effect; the production of interleukin 6 (IL-6), IL-10, tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) and interferon-γ (IFN-γ) were measured by ELISA to evaluate its anti-inflammatory effect. All interventions and operations in the experiment were approved by the Animal Ethics Committee of the Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, and conformed to the Guide for the Care and Use of Laboratory Animals published by the US National Institutes of Health (NIH) and Beijing Experimental Animal Ethics Committee. The results showed that intraperitoneal injection of the high-dose (36.67 mL·kg-1·d-1) and low-dose (18.33 mL·kg-1·d-1) of matrine sodium chloride injection significantly improved the pathological damage of lung tissue and reduced lung index. The lung index inhibition rates were 86.86% and 76.53%, respectively. The production of IL-6, IL-10, TNF-α, IFN-γ, as well as the viral load in lung tissue were reduced significantly compared to the model; the percentage of CD4+ T cells, CD8+ T cells and B cells in peripheral blood were increased compared to the model. These results indicated that the matrine sodium chloride injection has an evident therapeutic effect on the model, and its mechanism was related to the inhibition virus replication, regulation of immunity function and inhibition of inflammatory factor release. This study provided laboratory data support for matrine sodium chloride injection which was used to treat the novel coronavirus pneumonia in clinical in Hubei province. These results indicated that the matrine sodium chloride injection has a good prospect for prevention and treatment of the novel coronavirus pneumonia.

Clinical efficacy of Matrine and Sodium Chloride Injection in treatment of 40 cases of COVID-19 / 中国中药杂志

In this paper, we analyzed medical records of 40 patients with coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19), in order to explore the clinical efficacy of Matrine and Sodium Chloride Injection in the treatment of COVID-19. The investigation was based on the results of a previous animal test, which was aimed to investigate and confirme the clinical efficacy of Matrine and Sodium Chloride Injection in the treatment of COVID-19. The animal test demonstrated that Matrine and Sodium Chloride Injection has a significant therapeutic effect on the human coronavirus pneumonia for the model mice. The lung inhibition index reached up to 86.86%. The evaluation was conducted on 40 confirmed cases of COVID-19 treated at Jingzhou Hospital of Infectious Disease(Chest Hospital) of Hubei Pro-vince from January 30~(th) to March 21~(th), 2020. In these cases, patients were treated with other integrated Chinese and Western medicines regimens in the recommended Matrine and Sodium Chloride Injection diagnosis and treatment regimen. The clinical manifestations, laboratory data, nucleic acid clearance time, and imaging data were compared and analyzed before and after treatment. After administration with Matrine and Sodium Chloride Injection, the clinical symptoms of 40 cases were alleviated markedly, and their blood analysis and biochemical indexes returned to normal. The lung CT showed more than 50% of lesion absorption rate, and the viral nucleic acid test showed the average clearance time of patients was 16.6 days, and the average length of hospital stay was 25.9 days. After administration with Matrine and Sodium Chloride Injection, the symptoms of cough and fatigue were alleviated significantly, and the appetite was significantly improved compared with before, especially for patients with gastrointestinal symptoms. Additionally, laboratory indicators, especially absolute value and ratio of lymphocytes and CRP were significantly alleviated. According to the chest CT for short-term review, the absorption of lung lesions was faster than before, especially for grid-like and fibrotic lesions. Compared with antiviral drugs, such as Abidol and Kriging, the nucleic acid clearance time was significantly shorter than the cases treated with Matrine and Sodium Chloride Injection. The clinical effective rate of 40 cases was 100.0%. We believed that Matrine and Sodium Chloride Injection have a good clinical effect in the treatment of COVID-19, and suggested increasing the clinical application and further conducting large-sample-size cli-nical verification.

Effect of butylphthalide and sodium chloride injection combined with salvia miltiorrhiza injection in the treatment of acute ischemic stroke / 中国基层医药

Objective To investigate the value of butylphthalide and sodium chloride injectio combined with compound salvia miltiorrhiza injection in the treatment of acute ischemic stroke.Methods From January 2016 to December 2017,104 patients with acute ischemic stroke in Tongji Huangzhou Hospital Affiliated to Huazhong University of Science and Technology were randomly divided into observation group (52 cases) and control group (52 cases) according to the digital table.The control group was given butylphthalide and sodium chloride injectio,and the observation group was combined with the compound salvia miltiorrhiza injection on the basis of the control group.The courses of the treatment in the two groups were 14 d.The effects of the two groups were compared.Results The total effective rate of the observation group(90.38％,47/52) was higher than that of the control group(73.08％,38/52) (x2 =5.216,P ＜ 0.05).After treatment,the daily living activity (ADL) score of the observation group was (60.49 ± 5.46) points,which was higher than (44.54 ± 4.10) points of the control group (t =16.845,P ＜ 0.05).After treatment,endothelin-1 (ET-1),C reactive protein (CRP),homocysteine (Hcy) in the observation group were (37.42 ± 5.47) ng/L,(6.51 ± 1.89)mg/L,(7.42 ± 1.27) μmol/L,respectively,which in the control group were (58.98 ± 7.89) ng/L,(12.34 ± 2.65) mg/L,(15.39 ± 2.06) μmol/L,respectively,the levels of ET-1,CRP and Hcy in the observation group were lower than those in the control group (t =16.194,12.916,23.749,all P ＜ 0.05).After treatment,the plasma viscosity,fibrinogen,whole blood viscosity at high shear and low shear whole blood viscosity of the observation group were (1.20 ± 0.23) mPa/s,(2.54 ± 0.37) g/L,(2.54 ± 0.37) mPa/s and (8.19 ± 0.68) mPa/s,respectively,which of the control group were (2.09 ± 0.32) mPa/s,(3.47 ± 0.58) g/L,(3.46 ± 0.59) mPa/s and (9.81 ± 0.82) mPa/s,respectively,the plasma viscosity,fibrinogen,whole blood viscosity at high shear and low shear whole blood viscosity of water of the observation group after treatment were lower than those of the control group(t =16.286,9.748,10.994,10.966,all P ＜ 0.05).Conclusion The effect of butylphthalide and sodium chloride injectio combined with compound salvia miltiorrhiza injection in the treatment of acute ischemic stroke is significant,which is worth studying.

Effect of 3 ％ sodium chloride injection in the treatment of fluid resuscitation in children with sepsis shock / 中国基层医药

Objective To investigate the effect of 3％ sodium chloride injection on fluid resuscitation in children with septic shock.Methods Eighty-four children with sepsis in intensive care unit were selected and divided into two groups according to random number table method,42 cases in each group.The control group was treated with 0.9％ sodium chloride injection for fluid resuscitation.The observation group was slowly given 3％ sodium chloride injection for fluid resuscitation.The changes of the two groups were observed.The success time of fluid resuscitation,hospitalization time and success rate of the two groups were compared.Results After intervention,the systolic blood pressure,central venous pressure and 24h urine output in the observation group were (85.6 ± 4.3) mmHg,(7.1 ± 0.5) cmH2O,(250.8 ± 11.9) mL,respectively,which in the control group were (66.9 ± 2.6)mmHg,(4.6 ±0.2)cmH2O,(50.1 ± 5.0)mL,respectively,the differences between the two groups were statistically significant (t =23.536,29.361 and 98.339,all P ＜ 0.05).The success time of fluid resuscitation,hospitalization time of the observation group were (6.7 ± 1.1) h,(4.1 ± 0.2) d,respectively,which were significantly shorter than those of the control group [(18.5 ± 2.3) h,(6.3 ± 0.5) d,t =29.272,25.838,all P ＜ 0.05).The success rate of treatment of the observation group (95.0％) was higher than that of the control group (65.0％) (x2 =7.941,P ＜ 0.05).Conclusion 3 ％ sodium chloride injection can effectively treat fluid resuscitation,improve tissue perfusion,shorten the hospitalization time and improve the success rate of treatment for children with septic shock.

Clinical effects of Safflor Yellow Sodium Chloride Injection combined with Compound Anisodine Injection on patients with NPDR / 中成药

AIM To observe the therapeutic effects of Safflor Yellow Sodium Chloride Injection and Compound Anisodine Injection on patients with non-proliferative diabetic retinopathy (NPDR).METHODS Sixty-eight pa-tients (102 eyes) were randomly divided into control group (32 cases,48 eyes) and observation group (36 cases,54 eyes).The observation group was given Safflor Yellow Sodium Chloride Injection and Compound Anisodine Injection in addition to conventional therapy administered to the control group,and yet patients of both groups had their changes of vision,fundus hemorrhage,effusion,microaneurysm and central macular thickness checked and compared before and after the treatment.RESULTS The observation group displayed better post-treatment vision recovery,fundus improvement and central macular thickness control than the control group (P ＜ 0.05,P ＜ 0.01).CONCLUSION The combination therapy of Safflor Yellow Sodium Chloride Injection and Compound Anisodine Injection can be an appropriate option for NPDR patients to improve vision and slow progression.

Determination of the Related Substances in Edaravone and Sodium Chloride Injection by HPLC / 中国药师

Objective: To establish an HPLC method for the determination of the related substances in edaravone and sodium chlo-ride injection. Methods: The column was Kromasil C18(250 mm×4. 6 mm, 5 μm) at the temperature of 30℃. The mobile phase A for gradient elution was a solution containing 0. 2% acetic acid and 0. 2% trimethylamine, and methanol was used as the mobile phase B. The flow rate was 0. 8 ml·min-1, the detection wavelength was 244 nm, and the injection volume was 20 μl. Results: Under the described chromatographic conditions, edaravone was completely separated from its impurities. Edaravone and its impurities had good linear relationships within the range of 0.1 μg·ml-1-3 μg·ml-1(r >0.998). The average recoveries ranged from 90.0% to 110. 0% (RSD<10% , n=9), and the contents of their related substances were all below the limits (0. 3% ). Conclusion: The method is accurate, simple and convenient, which can be used for the determination of the related substances in edaravone and sodium chloride injection.

Determination of Styrene Monomer Migration Amount in Ofloxacin and Sodium Chloride Injection from Three Layer Coextrusion Infusion Bags by GC-MS / 中国药师

Objective:To establish a method for determining styrene monomer migration amount in ofloxacin and sodium chloride injection from three layer coextrusion infusion bags by GC-MS.Methods:The styrene monomer content in ofloxacin and sodium chlo-ride injection was detected by GC-MS in order to study the migration amount of styrene from the packaging bag ( three layer coextrusion infusion) of ofloxacin and sodium chloride injection .A DB-624123-1334 capilary column (30 m ×0.32 mm, 1.8 μm) was used, and the detection was carried out with programmed temperature and headspace sampling by the electron bombardment source (EI) in a selective ion monitoring (SIM) mode.Results:The linear concentration range of styrene was 46.96-543.60 ng· ml-1(r=0.9999), and the average recovery was 101.2％(RSD=3.1％, n=9).Conclusion:The method is simple, accurate and reproducible.It can be used for the compatibility testing between medicine and its package .

Establishment of Microbial Counting Method for Pre-sterilization Products of Tinidazole and Sodium Chlo-ride Injection / 中国药师

Objective:To establish a microbial counting method for pre-sterilization products of tinidazole and sodium chloride in-jection.Methods:Pre-sterilization product was taken out 100 ml, and according to the established verification test method , the test bacteria were added to the samples and the recovery rate of the tested bacteria was measured .Results: The recoveries of all the test bacteria ( Staphylococcus aureus, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Bacillus subtilis, Candida albicans and Aspergillus brasiliensis) in the vali-dation test were within the range of 50％-200％, and the results met the requirements of Chinese Pharmacopoeia.Conclusion: The method is effective and feasible , and can be used for the microbiological count of pre-sterilization products .

Content Determination of 8 Metal Elements in Propylgaclate and Sodium Chloride Injection by Microwave Digestion-inductively Coupled Plasma Mass Spectrometry / 中国药房

OBJECTIVE:To establish a method for the content determination of 8 metal elements in Propylgaclate and sodium chloride injection. METHODS:Microwave digestion-inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry(ICP-MS) was adopted. Radiofrequency power was 1 530 W;cooling temperature was 4 ℃;collision gas was He gas;carrier gas was argon;flow rate of carrier gas was 1.08 L/min;integration time was 0.3 s;plasma gas flow rate was 15 L/min;the vacuum degree of quadrupole was 3.04×10－4 Pa;sampling cone aperture was 1.0 mm;interception cone aperture was 0.4 mm;the speed of sampling was 0.3 rps;data collection was repeated for 3 times. The microwave digestion power is 1 600 W,and the heating process is heated to 160℃at room temperature for 30 min,and maintained at 5 min,and then heated to 190 ℃ at a temperature of 5 ℃/min and maintained 45 min. RESULTS:The linear range of Mg and Al were 1-250 ng/mL;the linear range of Cr,Mn,Fe,Cu,Zn,Cd were 1-100 ng/ mL(all r≥0.999 0). The limits of detection were 0.063 6-1.785 0 ng/mL. RSDs of precision,stability and reproducibility tests were all lower than 4%. The recoveries were 89.65%-105.60%(RSD were 1.57%-3.98%,n＝9). RSDs of durablity were all lower than 12%. CONCLUSIONS:The method is simple,accurate,precise,stable,reproducible and durable. It can be used for content determination of 8 metal elements in Propylgaclate and sodium chloride injection.

Compatibility Studies of Lactose Azithromycin Powder and Sodium Chloride Injection with Powder-Liquid Double-Chamber Infusion Bag / 中国药学杂志

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the compatibility of 3-layer coextrusion (powder-liquid) infusion bag with lactose azithromycin powder and sodium chloride injection. METHODS: The sterile powder of lactose azithromycin was dispensed in different infusion bags and the turbidities were observed after the accelerated test. The dissolve degree of packaging materials and additives, including infusion membrane and inner cap, in different acid, alkali and polar solvent were studied. The extent of migration of packaging material components into the drugs were researched after the lactose azithromycin powder and sodium chloride injection were dispensed in the 3-layer coextrusion (powder-liquid) infusion bag. RESULTS: Compared with the four kinds of common membrane, the membrane material we chosed was the best and the turbidities of liquid were meet the specification. In the extraction studies of different test solution, the antioxidant was not checked out, and the content of both Mg and Al was less than 0.05 μg·mL-1. In the security evaluation of migration, the maximum migration, the biggest one-day intake value and the accumulated maximum intake of additives in the special infusion bag were far lower than its toxicology statistics. CONCLUSION: The quality of 3-layer coextrusion (powder-liquid) infusion bag is good. The migration and adsorption degree of of packaging material are tested to make sure the packaging material could ensure the drug quality and stability. The compatibility of 3-layer coextrusion (powder-liquid) infusion bag with drug is nice.

Clinical curative effect of sulfotanshinone sodium injection for treatment of patients with sudden deafness / 中国中西医结合急救杂志

Objective To explore the mechanism of sulfotanshinone sodium injection in treatment of patients with sudden deafness (SD).Methods Sixty patients with SD admitted to the Department of Otorhinolaryngology of Wuxi Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine Hospital from January to December 2016 were enrolled, and they were randomly divided into a study group and a control group (each 30 cases). The same basic treatment was given in the two groups, the patients in the study group were treated with sulfotanshinone sodium 40 mg intravenous (IV) drip, while the patients in the control group were treated with vinpocetine sodium chloride 20 mg IV drip, once a day for consecutive 14 days to complete a therapeutic course, and two courses were carried out in bothgroups. Before and after treatment, the changes of hearing threshold, indexes of hemorheology and immune function were compared between the patients in the two groups, and the clinical efficacy and adverse reactions in the two groups were observed.Results After treatment, the hearing threshold, hemorheology indexes, immune function index of CD8+ were significantly lower than those before treatment, while the CD3+, CD4+, CD4+/CD8+ ratio were significantly higher than those before treatment in the two groups, and the above changes of indexes were more obvious in the study group than those in the control group hearing [threshold (dB): 16.63±2.04 vs. 17.15±1.88, plasma viscosity (PV, mPa·s): 1.27±0.14 vs. 1.31±0.11, whole blood middle shearing viscosity (mPa·s): 4.77±0.33 vs. 4.95±0.28, whole blood high shearing viscosity (mPa·s): 3.86±0.25 vs. 4.00±0.31, erythrocyte aggregation index (EAI): 1.57±0.29 vs. 1.72±0.34, CD3+: 0.70±0.05 vs. 0.64±0.05, CD4+: 0.43±0.04 vs 0.37±0.03, CD8+: 0.32±0.04 vs. 0.34±0.03, CD4+/CD8+: 1.36±0.32 vs. 1.18±0.27]; the degree of whole blood low shearing viscosity (mPa·s: 6.72±0.80 vs. 7.01±1.13) and hematocrit (HCT: 0.38±0.04 vs. 0.40±0.03) decreasing weremore significant in the control group than those in the study group. The total effective rate was higher in study group than that in the control group [86.67% (26/30) vs. 83.33% (25/30)], but the difference between the two groups was not statistically significant (P > 0.05); the incidence of adverse reactions in the study group was markedly lower than that in the control group [3.33% (1/30) vs. 20.00% (6/30),P < 0.05].Conclusions Sulfot anshinone sodium injection can effectively enhance the SD patients' hearing, and improve their hemorheology indexes and immune function; the therapeutic results of sulfotanshinone sodium injection in safety and improvement in immune function are superior to those of vinpocetine sodium chloride injection.

Study on Compatible Stability of Calcium Folinate for Injection Mixed with Glucose Injection and Sodium Chloride Injection / 中国药房

OBJECTIVE:To investigate the compatible stability of Calcium folinate for injection mixed with Glucose injection and Sodium chloride injection. METHODS:Referring to clinical common concentration,each 3 Calcium folinate for injection (each injection was equal to calcium folinate 100 mg)were respectively mixed with Glucose injection 250 mL or Sodium chloride injection 250 mL. At room temperature,under light or dark condition,the appearance of mixtures,pH value and the number of in-soluble particles were investigated 0,1,2,3,4,6,8,12,24,36,48 h. The contents of calcium folinate in mixtures were deter-mined by HPLC. RESULTS:Under above condition,the color of the mixtures had no change,and no gas,precipitation and turbid-ity was found;there was no evident change in pH values(RSD<2%,n=11). 0 h after mixing,there was large number of parti-cles≥10 μm in mixtures,but the number of particle was decreased as time;within 48 h,the number of particles ≥10 μm and ≥25 μm in mixtures were all in line with the standard of Chinese Pharmacopeia(2015 edition). Under the protection from light con-dition,relative contents of calcium folinate in mixtures had no significant change(RSD<2%,n=11). Under light condition,rela-tive contents of calcium folinate in mixtures decreased significantly,decreasing to 94.5%(mixed with Glucose injection) and 88.4%(mixed with Sodium chloride injection). CONCLUSIONS:Calcium folinate for injection is more stable in Glucose injec-tion,and the stability of compatibility can be affected by light conditions. After mixed with Glucose injection and Sodium chloride injection,Calcium folinate for injection should be kept away from light and used as soon as possible

Compatible Stability of Levetiracetam Injection with Three Injections / 中国药房

OBJECTIVE:To investigate the compatible stability of Levetiracetam(Lev)injection with 3 injections. METHODS:Each Lev injection 1000 mg mixed with 0.9% Sodium chloride injection 100 mL,5% Glucose injection 100 mL or Sodium lactate Ringer's injection 100 mL respectively. Under the light condition,at 25 ℃,the color and clarification degree of mixtures were ob-served at different time points within 24 h after mixing;pH value and the number of insoluble particles were determined. The contents of related impurities(impurity A,B,C,D,2-hydroxypyridine)and Lev in mixtures were determined by HPLC. RESULTS:Under above condition,all mixtures were colorless clear liquid within 24 h;pH value had no significant change (RSD<1%,n=7);the number of insoluble particles was no more than the range stated in Chinese Pharmacopeia(2015 edition). Impurity B and C were not detected;the contents of other impurities were in line with the requirements of foreign pharmacopeia. No marked change was noted for relative content of Lev(RSD<1%,n=7). CONCLUSIONS:After mixing with 0.9% Sodium chloride injection,5% Glucose injec-tion or Sodium lactate Ringer's injection,Lev injection keep stable at 25℃within 24 h under the light condition.

Effects of Butylphthalide on Neurological Function and Prognosis of Elderly Patients with Hypertensive In-tracerebral Hemorrhage after Trepanation and Drainage Surgery / 中国药房

OBJECTIVE:To investigate the effects of Butylphthalide and sodium chloride injection on neurological function and prognosis of elderly patients with hypertensive intracerebral hemorrhage(HICH)after trepanation and drainage surgery. METH-ODS:During Jan. 2015 to Jun. 2016,80 elderly HICH patients were selected from our hospital and then divided into control group and observation group according to random number table,with 40 cases in each group. Both group received trepanation and drain-age surgery. Control group was given routine treatment. Observation group was given Butylphthalide and sodium chloride injection 100 mL,ivgtt,bid,on the fifth day after surgery,on the basis of control group. Both groups received treatment for 14 d. Clinical efficacies of 2 groups were observed. CSS scores were compared between 2 groups before surgery and 28 d after operation;volume of encephaledema,serum levels of homocysteine(HCY)and substance P(SP)were compared between 2 groups before surgery and 14 d after operation. RESULTS:The total response rate of observation group was 87.5％,which was significantly higher than 67.5％ of control group, with statistical significance (P0.05). CSS scores 28 d after operation, SP levels 14 d after operation were significanthy increased,volume of encephaledema and serum levels of HCY in 2 groups were significantly decreased,and the observation group was significantly better than the control group,with statistical significance(P<0.05). CONCLUSIONS:Butylphthalide and sodium chloride injection can significantly improve clinical efficacy and hepatic func-tion damage,relieve postoperative encephaledema,reduce serum levels of HCY and increase SP levels in elderly HICH patients af-ter trepanation and drainage surgery.

Experimental Study on Anaphylactoid Reactions of Hydroxyethyl Starch 40 Sodium Chloride Injection / 中国比较医学杂志

Objective To evaluate the sensitizations of Hydroxyethyl Starch 40 Sodium Chloride Injection . Methods Active systemic anaphylaxis ( ASA) test, internal sensitive index ' s determination and screening and Passive Cutaneous Anaphylaxis ( PCA) test are carried out .Observe the allergy safety of the samples .Results We use guinea pigs to carry on ASA test and PCA test with Hydroxyethyl Starch 40 Sodium Chloride Injection from 45 batches of 3 companies and no changes have occurred .Measuring and comparing the sensitive index of HIS ,IgG, IgM and IgE in plasma, IgM and IgE are not obvious variation;HIS and IgG positive group and negative group and sample groups are different .Conclusions It is suggestion that Hydroxyethyl Starch 40 Sodium Chloride Injection safety evaluation should include allergic reactions , HIS and IgG sensitive index monitoring in clinical application of hydroxyethyl starch .

Rapid Contents Determination of Potassium Chloride and Calcium Chloride in Compound Sodium Chloride Injection by ICP-OES / 中国药房

OBJECTIVE:To establish a method for the rapid contents determination of potassium chloride and calcium chloride in Compound sodium chloride injection. METHODS:After diluted in appropriate way,Compound sodium chloride injection was sampled directly and contents of potassium chloride and calcium chloride were determined simultaneously by ICP-OES. The powder was 1 300 W,plasma gas flow rate was 15 L/min,auxiliary cooling gas flow was 0.2 L/min,atomizer flow rate was 0.8 L/min, the peristaltic pump rate was 0.8 L/min,atomizer pressure was 315 kPa,and the observation was axial observation,analysis spec-tral lines of potassium and calcium were 766.490 nm and 315.887 nm. RESULTS:The linear ranges of potassium and calcium were 1.0-12.0 mg/L (r=0.999 7 and 0.999 9);RSDs of precision and reproducibility tests were lower than 1%;recoveries were 98.5%-100.5%(RSD=0.59%,n=9)and 99.3%-102.3%(RSD=0.98%,n=9). CONCLUSIONS:The method is simple,rapid and simple,and can be used for the quality control of Compound sodium chloride injection.

Compatibility Stability of Muscular Amino Acids and Peptides and Nucleosides for Injection in Different In-fusions / 中国药师

Objective:To investigate the compatibility stability of muscular amino acids and peptides and nucleosides for injection in different infusions to provide basis for clinical application .Methods: The compatibility stability of muscular amino acids and pep-tides and nucleosides for injection respectively in 0.9%sodium chloride injection , 5% glucose injection , 10%glucose injection and glucose and sodium chloride injection was studied , and the indices included the appearance , pH value , number of insoluble particles and contents of hypoxanthine and polypeptides .Results:All the solutions were transparent .The pH value and the contents of hypoxan-thine and polypeptides showed no significant changes .When muscular amino acids and peptides and nucleosides for injection was mixed with 10%glucose injection , the number of insoluble particles (≥10 μm) was the smallest , which met the requirement in Chi-nese pharmacopoeia (2015 edition,volume Ⅳ).When it was mixed with 0.9% sodium chloride injection, 5% glucose injection and glucose and sodium chloride injection , the number of insoluble particles (≥10 μm) was beyond the limits .The number of insoluble particles (≥25 μm) in all the solutions met the requirement .Conclusion: The most suitable solvent for muscular amino acids and peptides and nucleosides for injection is 10%glucose injection .

Effects of Sodium Chloride Injection and Glycerine Enema on Postoperative Defecation in Patients with Com-plex Anal Fistula / 中国药房

OBJECTIVE:To observe the effects of Sodium chloride injection and Glycerine enema on the relief of postoperative defecation pain,edema around wound and incision in patients with complex anal fistula. METHODS:100 patients with complex anal fistula were selected and divided into group A(33 cases),B(33 cases)and C(34 cases)according to random number table. Group A was given Sodium chloride injection 300-500 ml,water bath heated to 35-37℃,into the rectum via enema bag before defecation,and defecated after controlling defecation for 5-10 min. Group B was given Glycerine enema 110 ml into the rectum,and defecated after controlling defecation for 5-10 min. Group C could defecated directly when they felt obvious defecation desire. VAS score of initial defe-cation,defecation frequence and time within 24 h after initial defecation,edema around wound and incision within a week after initial defecation were observed in 3 groups as well as the occurrence of ADR. RESULTS:VAS score of initial defecation,defecation fre-quence and time,edema around wound and incision in group A and B were significantly lower/shorter than in group C,with statistical significance(P0.05). No obvious ADR was found in group A and B during treatment. CONCLUSIONS:Both Sodium chloride injection and Glycerine enema can relieve postoperative defecation pain in patients with complex anal fistula,and reduce edema around wound and incision with good safety. The two drugs should be selected according to patient’s condition.

Stability Analysis of Levofloxacin Hydrochloride and Carbazochrome Sodium Sulfonate in 0.9% Sodium Chloride Injection / 中国药房

OBJECTIVE:To explore the stability of levofloxacin hydrochloride and carbazochrome sodium sulfonate in 0.9%So-dium chloride injection,and provide reference for their compatible use in clinic. METHODS:HPLC was performed on the column of Phenomenex Gemini C18 with mobile phase A of acetonitrile and B of 0.01 mol/L Ammonium biphosphate solution(adjusted to pH 3.0 with phosphoric acid)(gradient elution)at a flow rate of 1.0 ml/min,the detection wavelength was 295 nm for levofloxa-cin hydrochloride and 364 nm for carbazochrome sodium sulfonate,temperature was 30 ℃,and the injection volume was 20 μl. The changes of contents,appearance and pH value of the solution in the mixture were investigated. RESULTS:The linear range was 7.03-80.06 μg/mL for levofloxacin hydrochloride(r=0.9995)and 1.70-34.04 μg/mL for carbazochrome sodium sulfonate(r=0.9998);RSDs of precision and reproducibility tests were no more than 2.0%;recoveries were 98.75%-100.63%and 98.00%-100.83%, and RSDs were 0.65% and 0.99%(n=9),respectively. In normal temperature,the contents of levofloxacin hydrochloride and car-bazochrome sodium sulfonate after mixing with 0.9% Sodium chloride injection within 6 h showed no significant decrease,and the appearance and pH value showed no obvious changes. CONCLUSIONS:The mixing of levofloxacin hydrochloride and carbazo-chrome sodium sulfonate with 0.9% Sodium chloride injection in room temperature is stable within 6 h,they can compatibly use synergistically in clinic.

Protective effects and possible mechanism of Xingxiong sodium chloride injection on cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury in rats / 中国药科大学学报

@#The purpose of this research was to study the effect of Xingxiong sodium chloride injection on cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury in rats. Rats were divided into five groups, namely sham group, model group, ginkgolide injection group(3 mg/kg), Xingxiong sodium chloride injection high-dose group(14 mg/kg)and low dose group(7 mg/kg). Except for the sham group, animals in other groups were subjected to ischemia for 2h and reperfusion for 72 h by middle cerebral artery occlusion(MCAO)with thread technique, and then drugs were administered continuously by tail intravenous injection during reperfusion period for 3 days. The neurological deficit score and the histopathological score were evaluated; infarction ratio, brain water content and biochemical indexes of animals in each group were determined. Compared with model group, reduction of neurological deficit score, brain water content and infarction area were observed obviously at 7 mg/kg and 14 mg/kg of Xingxiong sodium chloride injection. Additionally, reduction of histopathological score, H2O2 and MDA content, increase of the level of GSH, GSH-Px, SOD and also the capacity of inhibition of superoxide anion radical(·O-2)and hydroxyl radial(·OH)were observed at 14 mg/kg. The results suggested that Xingxiong sodium chloride injection could effectively enhance the ability of anti-oxidation in the brain tissues, and protect brain from ischemia-reperfusion injury.