Characteristics of the chloroplast genome of Camellia insularis / 生物工程学报

In this study, the chloroplast genome of Camellia insularis Orel & Curry was sequenced using high-throughput sequencing technology. The results showed that the chloroplast genome of C. insularis was 156 882 bp in length with a typical tetrad structure, encoding 132 genes, including 88 protein-coding genes, 36 tRNA genes, and 8 rRNA genes. Codon preference analysis revealed that the highest number of codons coded for leucine, with a high A/U preference in the third codon position. Additionally, 67 simple sequence repeats (SSR) loci were identified, with a preference for A and T bases. The inverted repeat (IR) boundary regions of the chloroplast genome of C. insularis were relatively conserved, except for a few variable regions. Phylogenetic analysis indicated that C. insularis was most closely related to C. fascicularis. Yellow camellia is a valuable material for genetic engineering breeding. This study provides fundamental genetic information on chloroplast engineering and offers valuable resources for conducting in-depth research on the evolution, species identification, and genomic breeding of yellow Camellia.

Summary of Small Molecular Bitter Quenchers are Applied to Oral Liquid Preparations / 中国药学杂志

Bitter drugs in oral liquid preparations are mostly in the form of molecule or colloid, which can instantly form a broad and strong stimulation with the large dispersion. Therefore, it makes the traditional bitter-masking method difficult to completely mask the bitterness, and greatly restrict the compliance of patients. In recent years, the discovery of small molecular bitter quenchers (SMBQ)has provided a new choice for improving the taste of oral liquid and has gradually become a hotspot in the research of bitter-masking technology. Based on these reasons, the paper explained the concept and characteristics of SMBQ, summarized the mechanism and influencing factors of bitterness quenching, and introduced the commonly-used small bitter quench quencher and its characteristics and applications. This study was aimed to promote the development and application of SMBQ in oral liquid preparations, and provide scientific theoretical guidance and technical support for bitter masking of oral liquid preparations. It may be of great theoretical and practical significance to promote the solution of the practical problems of oral liquid, the optimization of prescription design, and the improvement of product quality.