Orofacial functions and quality of life in children with unilateral cleft lip and palate

Abstract This study aimed to evaluate the orofacial functions and oral health-related quality of life (OHRQoL) of children with unilateral cleft lip and palate (UCLP). This case-control study included patients with UCLP matched by sex and age with controls (children without UCLP), resulting in the inclusion of a total of 108 eight- to ten-year-old children. Orofacial functions and OHRQoL were evaluated using the Nordic Orofacial Test-Screening (NOT-S) and the Child Perceptions Questionnaire (CPQ 8-1 0 ), respectively. Data normality was assessed by the Kolmogorov-Smirnov test. Differences and correlations in NOT-S and CPQ 8-1 0 scores between and within the groups were evaluated using Mann-Whitney and Spearman´s correlation tests, respectively. The distribution of NOT-S and global ratings of CPQ 8-1 0 for each group were assessed by Chi-squared/Fisher's Exact tests. The UCLP group had a higher NOT-S total and examination scores than the controls. Dysfunctions related to breathing, facial symmetry/expression, and speech were more frequent in the UCLP patients than in the controls. The UCLP group had higher scores on the social well-being domain than the controls. There was a significant difference between the groups in their ratings in regards to the extent to which their oral condition affected their life overall, with controls perceiving it as somewhat better than patients. In both groups, NOT-S total and interview scores were positively correlated with CPQ 8-1 0 total and domain scores. The NOT-S examination score was only significantly correlated with social domain scores in the control group. The presence of UCLP was associated with clinical signs of orofacial dysfunctions related to breathing, facial symmetry/expression, and speech. Children with UCLP reported more orofacial dysfunctions and negative impacts on social well-being than controls.

Computerized biophotogrammetry evaluation of asymmetry facial in patients with temporomandibular disorders

Introdução: os protocolos de avaliação das assimetrias faciais em pacientes com disfunção temporomandibular são, em grande parte, realizados por meio da avaliação cefalométrica, que possibilita a visualização, mensuração e análise apenas do tecido duro. A análise facial pela biofotogrametria computadorizada tem sido utilizada como meio auxiliar diagnóstico, não expondo o indivíduo a radiação nociva, promovendo avaliação das estruturas craniofaciais, musculares e a disposição do tecido adiposo. Objetivo: avaliar a assimetria facial em pacientes com disfunção temporomandibular por meio da biofotogrametria computadorizada. Material e métodos: a amostra consistiu de 36 pacientes com disfunção temporomandibular (31 mulheres e 05 homens), e 11 indivíduos controles (06 mulheres e 05 homens). Para a seleção e classificação da amostra foi utilizado o Índice Clínico de Fonseca (1994), seguido do exame físico, odontológico e fisioterapêutico. Resultados: foram encontradas diferenças significativas (p=0,041) quando comparados o ângulo referente à boca, entre os lados direito e esquerdo, nos pacientes com disfunção temporomandibular. Conclusão: alterações na simetria facial podem estar presentes em pacientes com disfunção temporomandibular, e que a mesma se encontra localizada no terço inferior da face, principalmente na região da maxila, mandíbula e mento.

Introduction: the protocols of evaluation of the asymmetry facial in patients with temporomandibular disorders are, in general, realized by using cephalometric analysis, which provide the visualization, measurement and analysis of the hard tissue only. The facial analysis by computerized biophotogrammetry has been used as an auxiliary manner of diagnostic, not exposing the patient to harmful radiation, promoting the evaluation of craniofacial and muscular structures and fat layer disposition. Aim: evaluate the facial asymmetry in patients with temporomandibular disorders by computerized biophotogrammetry. Material and methods: the sample was 36 patients (31 women and 05 men) and 11 controls (06 women and 05 men) with temporomandibular disorders. For selection and classification of the sample, the Clinical Index of Fonseca (1994) was used, according to physical, dentistry and physiotherapic examination. Results: significant differences (p=0,041) were found between the mouth angle and the right and left sides in patients with temporomandibular disorders. Conclusion: alteration in facial symmetry can be observed in patients with temporomandibular disorders and it is located in lower portion of face, mainly in maxillary, mandibular and menton regions.

Features of Facial Asymmetry Following Incomplete Recovery from Facial Paralysis

PURPOSE: The purpose of this study is to investigate peculiar patterns of facial asymmetry following incomplete recovery from facial paralysis that require optimal physical therapy for effective facial rehabilitation, and to decrease the incidence of avoidable facial sequelae. MATERIALS AND METHODS: This study involved 41 patients who had facial sequelae following the treatment of various facial nerve diseases from March 2000 to March 2007. All patients with a follow-up of at least 1 year after the onset of facial paralysis or hyperactive function of the facial nerve were evaluated with the global and regional House-Brackmann (HB) grading systems. The mean global HB scores and regional HB scores with standard deviations were calculated. Other factors were also analyzed. RESULTS: Four patterns of facial asymmetry can be observed in patients with incomplete facial recovery. The most frequently deteriorated facial movement is frontal wrinkling, followed by an open mouth, smile, or lip pucker in patients with sequelae following facial nerve injury. The most common type of synkinesis was unintended eye closure with an effort to smile. CONCLUSION: We described common configurations of facial asymmetry seen in incomplete recovery following facial nerve injury in an attempt to develop an optimal strategy for physical therapy for complete and effective facial recovery, and to decrease the incidence of avoidable sequelae.

Análisis espacial de la oclusión dentaria en pacientes con asimetría dentomaxilocraneal / Spatial analysis of the dental oclusion in patients with dentomaxillocraneal asymmetries

Este estudio identifica la relación existente entre las estructuras dento-maxilares y el sistema morfológico craneal, en pacientes en los que han sido encontradas características oclusales de asimetría bilateral. Además, hemos investigado el comportamiento de estas estructuras de acuerdo al lado más afectado por la asimetría, así comolas consecuencias en el diagnóstico y en el tratamiento ortodóntico-ortopédico que esta problemática impone. Para cuantificar estos desvíos de forma, hemos desarrollado un sistema de medición, el cual puede ser facilmente trasladable al cefalograma frontal de manera de obtener un concepto tridimensional de estas anomaías

Efectos de la masticación unilateral en el sistema estomatognático y posibles factores predisponentes en niños escolares de Medellín / Effects of unilateral mastication on the stomatognathic system and possible predisposing factors in schoolchildren from Medellin

La masticación unilateral se entiende como una alteración del funcionamiento fisiológico del sistema estomatognático que origina un desbalance de fuerzas, ya que concentra las mismas en un solo lado, el lado de trabajo, pudiendo generar cambios en varios sistemas como el dentario, muscular y esquelético, principalmente en personas jóvenes cuyas estructuras son altamente adaptativas. Este estudio tiene como objetivo verificar si hay diferencias en los componentes del sistema estomatognático en individuos con masticación preferencial unilateral, entre el lado de trabajo usualmente favorecido y el lado menos funcional y describir esas diferencias, y además establecer algunos de los factores que pueden o no influir en la preferencia de un lado de masticación. Se estudiaron 39 individuos, todos con masticación unilateral. En total se analizaron 35 variables: 11 de antecedentes médico-odontológicos, 8 clínicas, 5 radiográficas y 11 de evaluación de los modelos de yeso. En cuanto a la relación entre la masticación unilateral y los posibles factores que pueden influir para escoger un lado preferencial de masticación, se encontró que el hábito de morder lápices u otros objetos fue el único que mostró significancia estadística. Respecto a la relación entre el tipo de masticación y las posibles modificaciones en las estructuras del sistema estomatognático, la diferencia en la forma de la cabeza condilar y la longitud anteroposterior derecha e izquierda del arco inferior, mostraron significancia estadística. Existe una tendencia a la no coincidencia entre PRC y OH (PMI) en individuos con masticación unilateral. Las demás variables no mostraron significancia

Recovery of congenital facial palsy in patients with hemifacial microsomia subjected to sural to facial nerve grafts is enhanced by electric field stimulation

The effect of electric field stimulation for promoting axonal growth between sural to facial nerve graft in cases of congenital permanent facial palsy associated with hemifacial microsomia was studied pre- and postoperatively. A sural to facial nerve graft was performed in all cases and long term postoperative electric field stimulation was randomly applied to half to the patients. Although improvement occurred in both groups, the results indicated that clinical and elctrophysiological recovery was significantly better in patients receiving post-operative electric field stimulation. The results, therefore, suggest that electric stimulation of the grafted area induces improvements of facial palsy over and above those observed in the non-stimulated patients

Mucocele maxilar gigante con asimería facial: presentación de un caso y revisión de la literatura / Giant maxillary antrum mucocele with facial asimmetry: Case report and review of the literature

Este artículo como propósito el mostrar la experiencia adquirida en el diagnóstico y manejo de un paciente masculino de 28 a;os de edad con un mucocele maxilar gigante que le producia asimetría facial e hipoestesias en la regi'on malar. En este trabajo también se presenta una revisión de la literatura, relacionada con el tema. En esta localizaci'on, esta patolog'ia es muy rara ya que representa el 1 por ciento de los casos con mucoceles de senos paranasales. Los diagnósticos diferenciales de estas lesiones incluyen las neoplasias malignas de senos paranasales. El tratamiento definitivo del mucocele maxilar se realiza por medio de cirgía funcional endoscópica de los senos paranasales y, en este caso, la cirugí Cadwell-Luc para poder restaurar la estética y la simetría facial

Síndrome cardiofacial: informe de un caso / Cardiofacial syndrome: a case report

El síndrome cardiofacial es una entidad caracterizada por facies de llanto asimétrico y cardiopatía congénita. Reportamos el primer caso en la literatura nacional. La persistencia del conducto arterioso y el reflujo gastroesofágico fueron los hallazgos más importantes asociados a la facies asimétrica. Se enfatiza la necesidad de la búsqueda intencionada de otras anomalías ante un recién nacido con asimetría al llanto así como de su diferenciación con otras asimetrías faciales presentes al nacimiento

Síndrome de Parry Romberg con y sin esclerodermia: coincidencia o vinculación patogénica? / Parry-Romberg's syndrome with and without sclerodermya: coincidence pathogenic vinculation

Se estudian dos casos de hemiatrofia facial progresiva (H.F.P.) que ilustran las dos posibilidades de esta afección: con o sin esclerosis. Ambos comienzan en la adolescencia. el caso 1 presenta discromía que excede la zona afectada y precede al cuadro en su instalación con esclerosis más evidente en sectores e hialinosis (microscopía óptica), atrofia ósea y muscular. Consulta por fractura de maxilar inferior consecutiva a contracturas tónico-clónicas. El caso 2 se asocia a malformación de Arnold-Chiari, tiene atrofia cutánea y muscular, sin esclerosis ni hialinosis. No hay discromía. El examen neurológico evidencia actividad denervatoria a distancia en el caso 1