Utilidad del HeberFERON® en pacientes con carcinoma basocelular / Usefulness of HeberFERON® in patients with basal cell carcinoma

Introducción: El carcinoma basocelular es el tumor epitelial maligno más frecuente, pues constituye 60-80 % de todos los cánceres cutáneos. Objetivo: Determinar la respuesta al HeberFERON® en pacientes con carcinoma basocelular. Métodos: Se realizó un estudio observacional, descriptivo y longitudinal de 90 pacientes con carcinoma basocelular, a quienes se le administró HeberFERON® en el Hospital General Docente Dr. Juan Bruno Zayas Alfonso de Santiago de Cuba, desde enero de 2017 hasta diciembre de 2019. Se analizaron variables demográficas, clínicas y de respuesta al tratamiento. Resultados: La edad promedio fue de 63 años; hubo una mayor incidencia del sexo masculino (58 para 64,4 %) y el fototipo cutáneo II (56 para 62,0 %), con lesiones localizadas en la nariz (42 para 46,7 %), así como un predominio del subtipo clínico nodular (41 para 45,6 %). Se logró el control de la enfermedad en 100,0 % de la casuística. Conclusiones: El HeberFERON® resultó de gran utilidad en los pacientes con carcinoma basocelular, puesto que en más de la mitad de ellos se obtuvo una respuesta completa, con un mínimo de eventos adversos, todos leves y moderados.

Introduction: The basal cell carcinoma is the most frequent epithelial neoplasm, because it constitutes 60-80 % of all the cutaneous cancers. Objective: To determine the answer to HeberFERON® in patients with basal cell carcinoma. Methods: An observational, descriptive and longitudinal study of 90 patients with basal cell carcinoma to whom HeberFERON® was administered was carried out at Dr. Juan Bruno Zayas Alfonso Teaching General Hospital in Santiago de Cuba, from January, 2017 to December, 2019. Some demographic, clinical variables that responded to the treatment were analyzed. Results: The average age was 63 years; there was a higher incidence of the male sex (58 for 64.4 %) and the cutaneous fototype II (56 for 62.0 %), with lesions located in the nose (42 for 46.7 %), as well as a prevalence of the nodular clinical subtype (41 for 45.6 %). The control of the disease was achieved in 100.0 % of the case material. Conclusions: The HeberFERON® was very useful in patients with basal cell carcinoma, since in more than a half of them a complete response was obtained, with a minimum of adverse events, all of them light and moderate.

HeberFERON en el carcinoma basocelular periocular. Serie de casos / HeberFERON in periocular basal cell carcinoma. Case series

RESUMEN Fundamento: El carcinoma basocelular periocular es una lesión tumoral que surge de las células basales de la epidermis y los folículos pilosos, con un alto potencial de destrucción local, pueden ser desfigurantes e invaden el tejido que los rodea dando lugar a deformidades o pérdida de la función del órgano afectado. En orden de aparición es más común en el párpado inferior, el canto medial, el párpado superior y el canto temporal. Objetivo: Describir los resultados de la aplicación del HeberFERON en una serie de casos con carcinoma basocelular periocular que acudieron a consulta de dermatología del Policlínico Centro, de enero de 2017 a diciembre del 2020. Metodología: Se realizó un estudio de serie de casos clínicos con carcinoma basocelular periocular que acudieron a la consulta de dermatología del Policlínico Centro. Se incluyeron 17 casos con diagnóstico clínico, dermatoscópico e histopatológico. Se realizó una evaluación inicial, durante y 16 semanas después del tratamiento; se administró 10.5 UI de HeberFERON 3 veces por semana perilesional e intradérmica hasta completar 9 dosis. Las variables principales fueron la respuesta al tratamiento y la presencia o no de eventos adversos. Resultados: Predominó el sexo masculino, el fototipocutáneo II, la localización en párpado inferior, el subtipo clínico nódulo ulcerativo y el histológico sólido, se logró respuesta completa en la mayoría de los pacientes. Como eventos adversos se presentaron dolor en el sitio de inyección, fiebre, mal estar general, edema y eritema perilesional. Conclusiones: La respuesta al tratamiento fue favorable en la mayoría de los pacientes tratados con HeberFERON.

ABSTRACT Background: Periocular basal cell carcinoma is a tumor lesion arising from the epidermis and hair follicles basal cells, with a high potential local destruction, can be disfiguring and invade the surrounding tissue leading to deformities or loss of function of the affected organ. In order of appearance it is most common in the lower eyelid, medial edge, upper eyelid and temporal edge. Objective: To describe the results of the application of HeberFERON in a case series with periocular basal cell carcinoma who attended dermatology appointment at the Policlínico Centro, from January 2017 to December 2020. Methodology: A series study of clinical cases with periocular basal cell carcinoma who attended the dermatology appointment at the Policlínico Centro was conducted. 17 cases with clinical, dermatoscopic and histopathological diagnosis were included. A baseline evaluation was conducted, during and 16 weeks after treatment; 10.5 IU of HeberFERON was administered 3 times a week perilesional and intradermally until completing 9 doses. The main variables were the treatment response and the presence or absence of adverse events. Results: Male sex, phototypocutaneous II, lower eyelid location, clinical subtype ulcerative nodule and solid histological subtype predominated, complete response was achieved in most patients. Adverse events were pain at the injection site, fever, general malaise, edema and perilesional erythema. Conclusions: Treatment response was favorable in most patients treated with HeberFERON.

Respuesta clínica del tratamiento con HerberFERON( en pacientes con carcinoma basal palpebral / Clinical response to treatment with HerberFERON® in patients with basal palpebral carcinoma

Objetivo: Determinar la respuesta clínica en pacientes con carcinoma basal palpebral tratados con HeberFERON. Métodos: Se realizó un estudio descriptivo en pacientes con carcinoma basal palpebral, a quienes se les aplicó HeberFERON( perilesional en el Instituto Cubano de Oftalmología "Ramón Pando Ferer", de enero del año 2013 a enero de 2015. La muestra quedó constituida por 10 pacientes que cumplieron con los criterios de inclusión. Las variables del estudio fueron: edad, sexo, color de la piel, forma clínica, diámetro tumoral, subtipo histológico del tumor, así como la respuesta clínica después del tratamiento de los casos estudiados. Para todas las variables del estudio fueron calculadas las frecuencias absolutas y relativas. Resultados: Predominaron el género masculino y los sujetos de piel blanca. En los pacientes estudiados se presentaron la forma clínica nódulo ulcerativo, el subtipo histológico tumoral poco diferenciado y la respuesta clínica objetiva. Conclusiones: En la mayoría de los pacientes se logró una buena respuesta clínica al tratamiento con HeberFERON(, por lo que este tratamiento se convierte una nueva alternativa no quirúrgica(AU)

Objective: To determine the clinical response in patients with basal palpebral carcinoma treated with HeberFERON(. Methods: A descriptive study was carried out in patients with eyelid cell basal carcinoma tried with HeberFERON in the Cuban Institute of Ophthalmology "Ramón Pando Ferrer" from January 2013 to January 2015. The sample consisted of 10 patients who fulfilled the inclusion criteria. The study variables were: age, sex, skin color, clinical form, tumor diameter, histological subtype of the tumor, as well as the clinical response after treatment of the cases studied. In all the variables, absolute and relative frequencies were calculated. Results: Male gender and white-skinned subjects predominated. The clinical form ulcerative nodule, poorly differentiated histological tumor subtype, and objective clinical response were present in the patients studied. Conclusions: In most of the patients a good clinical answer was achieved to the treatment with HeberFERON, which becomes a new non surgical alternative(AU)

Carcinoma basocelular. Un reto actual para el dermatólogo / Basal cell carcinoma. An actual challenge for the dermatologist

RESUMEN El carcinoma basocelular es un tumor maligno de origen epitelial, su crecimiento es lento y rara vez metastiza. Este puede producir destrucción local y comprometer extensas áreas de tejido, cartílago y hueso. Existen variantes clínicas e histológicas y constituye el cáncer más frecuente en humanos y su incidencia está en aumento. Se realizó una revisión para exponer los aspectos esenciales sobre factores predisponentes, formas clínicas y diagnóstico, así como las opciones terapéuticas en esta entidad. Se desarrolló una búsqueda en la Biblioteca Virtual de Infomed y Google. Fueron revisados veinticinco trabajos científicos sin limitación de año y país, de los cuales quince pertenecen a los últimos 5 años. El carcinoma basocelular se considera de origen multifactorial, el carcinógeno más importante es la luz ultravioleta. La forma clínica más frecuente es la variedad nodular y la distribución es en cara y cuello. La elección del tratamiento dependerá del tamaño de la lesión, la localización, la edad y estado general del paciente. A pesar de tener baja malignidad y mortalidad, puede ocasionar destrucción y deformidad y repercutir en la vida de los pacientes. El dominio de los factores de riesgo, los elementos para el diagnóstico precoz y las opciones terapéuticas son indispensable para elegir la conducta adecuada frente a la enfermedad y promover cambios en el estilo de vida, que favorezcan la prevención y disminuyan la morbilidad por esta causa (AU).

ABSTRACT Basal cell Carcinoma (BCC) is an epidermal malignant tumor, it has a slow growth and seldom metastases. It can produce local destruction and compromise big tissue areas, cartilage and bone. There are clinical and histological presentations. It is one of the most common cancer in humans and its incidence is increasing. This project’s goal is to expose the essential aspects about the predisposal factors, clinic presentations and diagnoses as well as this disorder’s therapeutic options.This study was made from different bibliographical revisions. The research was developed on Infomed Database and Google. Twenty five Scientific studies were researched without country and/or timeline limit, from whom fifteen belongs to the last 5 years. BCC is considered to have a multifactorial origin, whose most important carcinogen is the ultraviolet light. The most frequent clinical presentation is the nodular and the most common distribution is face and neck. The treatment choice depends on the tumor size, its distribution and the patient’s age and current state. Although it is a low malignancy and low-death rate neoplasia, it can cause tissue destruction and affect patient’s social life. The management of the risk factors, the elements for the early diagnosis and the therapeutic options are indispensable to choose the adequate behavior for the disorder and promote life style changes that favor the prevention and lower the morbidity rate (AU).

Técnicas quirúrgicas estéticas en pacientes con defectos faciales por carcinoma basocelular / Cosmetic surgical techniques in patients with facial defects due to basal cell carcinoma

Uno de los agentes causales de las alteraciones de las estructuras y partes externas de la cara y el cuero cabelludo es el carcinoma basal o basocelular. Al respecto, los cirujanos maxilofaciales son capaces de reparar y reconstruir aquellas áreas del complejo bucomaxilofacial que se encuentren deformadas o que se han perdido parcial o totalmente; así, en este artículo se describen e ilustran algunas técnicas reparadoras de los defectos quirúrgicos por carcinoma basal, entre ellas: el colgajo bilobulado, el colgajo nasogeniano y una modificación del colgajo de Mustardé, con las cuales se observaron buenos resultados estéticos y funcionales, teniendo en cuenta la localización y extensión de las lesiones.

One of the causative agents of the disorders of structures and external parts of the face and scalp is the basal carcinoma or basal cell carcinoma. In this respect, maxillofacial surgeons are able to repair and reconstruct those areas of the oral maxillofacial complex that are deformed or that have been partially or totally lost; this way, in this work some reparative techniques of the surgical defects due to basal carcinoma are described and illustrated, among them: bilobed flap, nasogenien flap and a modification of the Mustardé flap, with which good cosmetic and functional results were observed, taking into account the localization and extension of the injuries.

Reconstrução nasal total: uso da "técnica em sanduíche" durante a residência / Total nasal reconstruction: use of the "sandwich technique" during residency

Introdução: Um dos locais mais comuns para o surgimento de câncer de pele é o nariz e, devido à sua distinta estruturação em três dimensões, a reconstrução do suporte da ponta nasal apresenta-se como um desafio para os cirurgiões plásticos. Métodos: Este artigo apresenta uma das opções de reconstrução nasal total utilizando como recursos o retalho frontal bilateral e o enxerto de cartilagem auricular bilateral em bloco. Apresentamos um relato do uso da "técnica em sanduíche", constituída por dois retalhos frontais intercalados pelas cartilagens auriculares. Enquanto o primeiro retalho origina o novo teto das fossas nasais, a cartilagem configura o formato tridimensional e garante o suporte da nova estrutura nasal. O segundo retalho fica, então, responsável pela cobertura exterior. Resultados: Neste caso comprovou-se tanto a mínima morbidade da área doadora quanto a excelente perfusão dos retalhos autonomizados, o que se considerou um resultado amplamente satisfatório. Conclusões: Embora a reconstrução nasal total seja um procedimento infrequente na vida do cirurgião plástico, a técnica aqui descrita mostra-se como uma opção atraente para estes casos.

Introduction: One of the most common sites of skin cancer is the nose, and because of its distinct three-dimensional structure, reconstruction of the nasal tip support is challenging for plastic surgeons. Methods: This article presents an alternative option for total nasal reconstruction using the bilateral frontal flap and the block bilateral auricular cartilage graft. We present an account of the use of the "sandwich technique", consisting of two frontal flaps interspersed by auricular cartilage. While the first flap gives rise to the new roof of the nasal fossa, the cartilage configures the threedimensional shape and provides support for the new nasal structure. The second flap is then responsible for the outer coverage. Results: In this case, both the minimal morbidity of the donor area and excellent perfusion of the autonomized flaps were verified, leading to a largely satisfactory result. Conclusions: Although total nasal reconstruction is an infrequent procedure in the career of a plastic surgeon, the technique described here is a viable option for these cases.

Carcinoma basocelular metastásico / Metastatic basal cell carcinoma

El carcinoma basocelular es la neoplasia con mayor incidencia a nivel mundial. Es de crecimiento lento y localmente agresiva pero posee un potencial metastásico extremadamente bajo, que se estima entre 0,0028% y 0,5%. El objetivo de este trabajo es mostrar la experiencia de una institución con el manejo de esta enfermedad metastásica. Estudio descriptivo retrospectivo de los pacientes con carcinoma basocelular metastásico tratados en el Instituto Nacional del Cáncer, entre julio 2004 y julio 2015. Se realizó una revisión de la literatura. Se evidenciaron 3 casos con esta enfermedad poco habitual en un plazo de 11 años. Un paciente falleció a los 42 meses de seguimiento. Hay 2 pacientes aún en control, uno de ellos lleva 29 meses de seguimiento y actualmente tiene enfermedad metastásica pulmonar, y el último paciente lleva 92 meses de seguimiento libre de enfermedad. El carcinoma basocelular metastásico, es una entidad poco frecuente por lo que todos los que nos vemos involucrado en su manejo debemos mantenernos alerta para una pesquisa oportuna. La cirugía asociada a la radioterapia siguen siendo los pilares del tratamiento. Esta patología debiera manejarse en centros de referencia a nivel nacional.

Basal cell carcinoma is the most frequent neoplasm worldwide. It's a slow growing and locally aggressive tumor, but it has a metastatic potential estimated between 0,0028 and 0,5%. The purpose of this study is to show the experience of a center in the management of this metastatic disease. Descriptive retrospective study of patients with metastatic basal cell carcinoma treated at the Instituto nacional del cancer from July2004 to July 2015. A revision of the literature was also made. 3 cases with this unusual disease during an 11 years period. The first one died at 42 months of follow up. There are 2 patients on follow up, 1 of them has lung metastatic disease after 29 months of follow up, and the last one is free of disease with 92 months of follow up. Metastatic basal cell carcinoma is an unusual entity, thus everyone that is involved in it's treatment, must be aware of this in order to do an early diagnosis. Surgery associated to radiotherapy are the mainstays of treatment. This disease should be managed on national referral centers.

Colgajo en filete como tratamiento de carcinoma basocelular recidivado / Fillet flap as treatment of recurrent basal cell carcinoma

El carcinoma basocelular (CBC) es el tumor maligno de piel con el que más frecuentemente se enfrenta el cirujano plástico, y los CBC recidivados se presentan como un reto en cuanto a su resolución. Por su parte, los queloides que resultan de un proceso patológico de cicatrización tienen múltiples alternativas para su tratamiento. Se describe la versatilidad del colgajo en filete como tratamiento de un CBC recidivado retroauricular, a través de la presentación de un caso clínico

Basal cell carcinoma ( BCC) is the malignant skin tumor which most frequently is a challenge to the plastic surgeon, and basically the recurrent BCC shows a challenge in terms of resolution. On the other hand, keloids are a consequence of a disease healing process. However, these have multiple choices for treatment. As the versatility of the fillet flap described as treatment of recurrent basal cell carcinoma BCC, by through the presentation of a case report.

Cicatrização por segunda intenção no tratamento de carcinoma basocelular nasal / Second intention healing in the treatment of nasal basal cell carcinoma

INTRODUÇÃO: A busca por melhores alternativas para o tratamento do carcinoma basocelular (CBC) nasal é referida por diversos autores há anos. Os enxertos e os retalhos cutâneos apresentam problemas, como o risco de não integração ou de necroses; e ainda determinam a formação de cicatrizes que, muitas vezes, são extensas ou inestéticas. Além disso, eles demandam um tempo operatório maior, sendo realizados em centro cirúrgico. A exérese simples do CBC nasal, seguida da cicatrização por segunda intenção e de cuidados cosmiátricos simples no pós-operatório, ressurge como alternativa válida para o tratamento destes tumores. MÉTODOS: Os autores vêm apresentar sua experiência com a técnica, discutindo as vantagens do método. No período de 4 anos, todos os pacientes submetidos à técnica foram acompanhados prospectivamente. RESULTADOS: Dos 23 pacientes operados, 12 foram acompanhados por 2 anos e incluídos na avaliação. O procedimento cirúrgico teve duração média de 21 minutos (+6) e foi realizado sem dificuldades. A evolução pós-operatória se deu sem intercorrências ou recidivas tumorais. CONCLUSÃO: A técnica empregada coloca-se como uma alternativa simples, segura e com excelentes resultados para o tratamento dos CBC nasais.

INTRODUCTION: The search for better alternatives for the treatment of nasal basal cell carcinoma (BCC) has been reported by several authors. The complications associated with grafts and skin flaps include the risk of non-integration or necrosis, and the formation of scars that are often large or unaesthetic. In addition, these procedures require longer operative times, which implies the need for a surgical center. The simple removal of nasal BCC, followed by second intention healing and simple postoperative cosmetic care, has reemerged as a valid alternative for the treatment of these tumors. METHODS: In this study, the authors describe their experience with the technique, and report the advantages of the method. All patients submitted to this procedure were followed-up prospectively for a period of 4 years. RESULTS: Of 23 patients, 12 were monitored for 2 years and were included in the study. The surgical procedure was performed without difficulty in an average of 21 minutes (+6). Postoperative evolution was uncomplicated and without tumor recurrence. CONCLUSION: This technique is a simple and safe alternative, providing excellent results for the treatment of nasal BCC.

Tratamento cirúrgico do câncer de pele pelo cirurgião plástico / Surgical treatment of skin cancer by the plastic surgeon

Introdução: O câncer de pele é a neoplasia mais frequente no Brasil e corresponde a 25% de todos os tumores malignos. O melhor tratamento é a ressecção cirúrgica em fases iniciais. O cirurgião plástico, juntamente com uma equipe multiprofissional, participa no tratamento desta doença. O objetivo é analisar a eficácia dos procedimentos cirúrgicos realizados pelo cirurgião plástico no tratamento do câncer de pele. Método: Foram analisados 404 prontuários de pacientes operados no período de fevereiro de 2009 a dezembro de 2012 e analisados gênero, idade, diagnóstico, localização e evolução. Resultados: Faixa etária com média de 62 anos. 53% de casos de carcinoma basocelular, 25,5% melanoma e 15,1% carcinoma espinocelular. Houve predomínio de mulheres nos carcinomas basocelulares (56%) e no melanoma (54%) e de homens nos carcinomas espinocelulares (61%). Os carcinomas basocelulares (92,99%) e espinocelulares (72,13%) tiveram sua predominância na região de cabeça e pescoço; enquanto o melanoma predominou em região de tronco (36,89%) e membros inferiores (24,27%). Foram realizadas 67 cirurgias com pesquisa de linfonodo sentinela, com positividade em 14,93%. 7,76% dos pacientes de melanoma apresentaram metástases e 2,91% vieram a óbito. Conclusão: O cirurgião plástico é um dos profissionais importantes para o tratamento do câncer de pele, sendo o mais apto para realizar as reconstruções após as ressecções tumorais, pois tem em sua formação os conceitos de reparação, utilizando-se de enxertos e retalhos e considerando o aspecto estético dos pacientes. Cabe-lhe também a realização da cirurgia de pesquisa de linfonodo sentinela e o seguimento dos pacientes com câncer de pele.

Introduction: Skin cancer is the most common neoplasm in Brazil and it corresponds to 25% of all diagnosed malignant tumors. The best treatment is surgical resection in early stages. The disease is treated by a plastic surgeon along with a multidisciplinary team. The objective is to assess the effectiveness of surgical procedures performed by plastic surgeons to treat skin cancer. Methods: We analyzed medical records of 404 patients operated on between February 2009 and December 2012. Data analyzed included gender, age, diagnosis, localization and evolution. Results: Patients' mean age was 62 years. A total of 53% of patients had basal cell carcinoma, 25.5% melanoma and 15.1% squamous cell carcinoma. There was a predominance of women in basal cell carcinomas (56%) and melanoma (54%) and predominance of men in squamous cell carcinomas (61%). Basal cell carcinomas (92.99%) and squamous (72.13%) were predominant in the head and neck, melanoma predominated in the trunk region (36.89%) and in lower limbs (24.27%). We performed 67 surgeries with sentinel lymph node, with positivity in 14.93%. Patients with melanoma who had metastasis accounted for 7.76% and 2.91% patients died. Conclusion: Plastic surgeons are one of the important professionals for skin cancer treatment. These professionals are the most skilled one to perform reconstructions after tumor resections, because during education they learn repair concepts using grafts and flaps especially focused on aesthetic appearance of patients. They can also perform surgery for sentinel lymph node and offer follow-up to patients with skin cancer.

Análise retrospectiva de conduta para carcinoma basocelular e espinocelular em cabeça e pescoço / Retrospective analysis of treatment approaches used for basal and squamous cell carcinoma in the head and neck

Introdução: O câncer de pele em cabeça e pescoço tem incidência crescente no mundo, sendo o carcinoma basocelular e espinocelular os tipos mais frequentes. Não existe consenso absoluto para todas as situações tumorais conforme tipo histológico, tamanho, profundidade e localização da lesão. O objetivo é analisar a conduta abordada nessas neoplasias de pele em cabeça e pescoço, com ênfase nos tratamentos efetuados, recidivas e seguimento. Método: Foram analisados 69 pacientes com carcinoma basocelular ou de células escamosas tratados por cirurgia com congelação da lesão no intraoperatório, crioterapia ou Imiquimod 5% por 6 semanas. Com 36 meses de seguimento, observou-se a eficácia do tratamento escolhido, recidiva, intercorrências, complicações e satisfação estética do paciente. A análise estatística utilizou o teste exato de Fischer. Resultados: O tipo de reconstrução mais frequente foi o fechamento primário (71%). Não existem associações estatisticamente relevantes relacionando idade, sexo, classificação de Fitzpatrick, local/ tamanho da lesão, métodos de tratamento e recidiva. As principais complicações resultaram das cirurgias: um caso de necrose de retalho frontal, lesão parcial de nervo bucinador, estenose narinária. A recidiva tumoral nos casos operados foi de 4%. A crioterapia e uso do Imiquimod 5% causaram seis casos de reações locais leves com mais recidiva descritiva no tratamento de carcinoma basocelular (CBC) superficial (não estatisticamente relevante). Conclusões: Os CBC não superficiais e carcinoma espinocelular devem ser tratados cirurgicamente. Os CBC superficiais podem ser tratados com crioterapia e uso do Imiquimod 5% com menos complicações e melhor resultado estético, mas a recidiva tumoral é maior.

Introduction: The incidence of skin cancer on the head and neck is increasing worldwide, and basal and squamous cell carcinomas represent the most frequent types. There is no unanimous consensus for all tumor cases, based on the histological type, size, depth, and location of the lesion. The objective is to analyzed the approach used in skin neoplasias in the head and neck, focusing on the treatments performed, recurrence, and follow-up. Methods: Sixty-nine patients with basal or squamous cell carcinoma who were treated with surgery, cryotherapy, freezing of lesions in the intraoperative period, or 5% imiquimod were analyzed for 6 weeks. During 36 months of follow-up, the efficacy of the chosen treatment, recurrence, side effects, complications, and esthetic satisfaction of patients were observed. Statistical analysis was performed using the Fisher's exact test. Results: The most frequent type of reconstruction was primary closure (71%). There were no statistically significant correlations between age, sex, Fitzpatrick classification, location/size of lesion, method of treatment, or recurrence. The main complications resulting from surgery were: a case of a frontal flap necrosis, a partial lesion of the buccinator nerve, and nasal stenosis. There was a 4% tumor recurrence in patients treated with surgery. The cryotherapy and 5% imiquimod treatments resulted in six cases of mild local reactions with a more pronounced recurrence in a patient with superficial basal cell carcinoma (BCC) (not statistically significant). Conclusions: Non-superficial BCC and squamous cell carcinomas should be treated with surgery. Superficial BCCs may be treated with cryotherapy and 5% imiquimod with fewer complications and better aesthetic results, but this results in higher tumor recurrence.

Topical photodynamic therapy in the treatment of basal cell carcinoma in Singaporean Chinese patients.

Background: Topical photodynamic therapy has been used for the treatment of superfi cial and nodular basal cell carcinomas, with varying cure rates. Aims: This study aims to evaluate the effectiveness of topical photodynamic therapy in the treatment of superfi cial and nodular basal cell carcinomas in Asian patients treated at the National Skin Centre, Singapore. Materials and Methods: A retrospective analysis of Asian patients with histologically confi rmed basal cell carcinomas and treated with photodynamic therapy was performed. Results: Eight Chinese patients, with an equal gender distribution and mean age of 83.4 years were included. Five of eight basal cell carcinomas were superficial while the remaining three were nodular. The basal cell carcinomas were located in the head and neck in seven patients. The overall clearance rate at 3 months was 87.5% while the clearance rate for superfi cial and nodular basal cell carcinomas was 100% and 66.6% respectively at 3 months. At 12 months, the overall clearance rate was 85. 7%. Limitations: This is a retrospective analysis with small patient numbers. Conclusions: In this small series of eight Asian patients, topical photodynamic therapy has been shown to be effective and generally well-tolerated in the treatment of basal cell carcinomas, particularly of the superfi cial subtype. However, larger studies are needed to evaluate its overall efficacy in Asian patients.

Uso de HeberPAG en carcinoma basocelular periocular / Use of heberPAG in periocular basocellular carcinoma

Se describe el caso clínico de un paciente de 34 años de edad con un carcinoma basocelular nodular de párpado inferior del ojo izquierdo, de 3 años de evolución. Se procedió a aplicar el HeberPAG en inyección perilesional 3 veces por semana durante 3 semanas consecutivas. Terminadas las aplicaciones de este producto desaparecieron los signos clínicos del tumor. Se comenta el potencial destructor de este tumor, así como las técnicas utilizadas en el manejo de esta patología.

We report a case of a 34 year old with a nodular basal cell carcinoma of the lower eyelid left eye, with 3 years of evolution. It was treated with perilesional HeberPAG 3 times each week for 3 weeks. With the applications of this product, the clinical signs of the cell carcinoma disappeared. The destructive potential of this tumor as well as the techniques used to manage this pathology were commented on in this article.

Diagnóstico e tratamento do câncer de pele em albinos: estudo descritivo / Diagnosis and treatment for skin cancer in albinos: a descriptive study

Introdução: Descrever a casuística envolvendo albinos, quanto à forma de apresentação, local, tratamento e acompanhamento dos tumores de pele. Métodos: Estudo descritivo, retrospectivo, de Abril à Julho de 2011, analisando um total de doze prontuários. Buscando nos resultados histopatológicos, e nas descrições dos procedimentos cirúrgicos, reunir e reportar dados específicos. Resultados: Doze pacientes albinos apresentaram 273 lesões e foram estudados. Oito homens e 4 mulheres, com idades variando entre 23 e 80 anos, sendo a maioria acima de 40 anos (92%). A localização mais comum das lesões foi na cabeça e pescoço, sendo o tipo histológico mais frequente o CBC (Carcinoma Basocelular) (36,63%), seguido do CEC. Algumas lesões também encontradas foram carcinoma tricoblástico, sarcoma de alto grau, verruga vulgar, melanoma in situ e Doença de Bowen. Em média os pacientes foram acompanhados, por 98,6 meses. Dentre os procedimentos cirúrgicos realizados o mais comum foi à realização de síntese primária (82,41%) e em segundo lugar os retalhos, sendo dois microcirúrgicos (VRAM e RALC). Os tamanhos das lesões foram divididos em menores ou iguais a 4 cm (80,20%) e maiores do que 4 cm (19,80%). Conclusão: Através de uma breve agregação de dados foi possível descrever uma casuística com dados semelhantes aos expostos na literatura internacional, apesar da escassez dos mesmos, possibilitando uma comparação e demonstração entre a relação sobre albinismo e tumores de pele, porém novas séries descritivas com mais pacientes são necessárias para melhor avaliação global. Assim a prevenção continua sendo a melhor forma de monitoramento e acompanhamento dos pacientes portadores de albinismo.

Introduction: To describe a case series involving albinos as to the form, location, treatment and monitoring of skin tumors. Methods: A descriptive, retrospective from April to July 2011, analyzing a total of twelve charts. Seeking the histopathologic results, and descriptions of surgical procedures, collect and report specific data. Results: Twelve patients had albinos and 273 injuries were studied. Eight men and 4 women, aged between 23 and 80 years, the majority being over 40 years old (92%). The most common injuries were to the head and neck being the most common histological type BCC (36.63%), followed by the CEC. Some injuries were also found tricoblástico carcinoma, high-grade sarcoma, verruca vulgaris, melanoma in situ and Bowen's disease. On average, patients were followed for 98.6 months. Among the surgical procedures the most common was the realization of primary synthesis (82.41%) and second flaps, two microsurgical (VRAM and RALC). The sizes of the lesions was divided into equal or lower than 4 cm (80.20%) and higher than 4 cm (19.80%). Conclusion: Using a short data aggregation was possible to describe a sample with similar data exposed in the international literature, despite the lack of them, allowing a comparison and demonstration about the relationship between albinism and skin tumors, but new series with more patients are needed to better overall evaluation. So prevention remains the best way of monitoring and follow-up of patients with albinism.

Fístula cutánea odontogénica: reporte de un caso que simula un carcinoma basocelular / Cutaneous sinus tract: report of a case simulating a basal cell carcinoma

La fistula cutánea odontogénica (FCO) es una entidad conocida, aunque no frecuente, que afecta mayormente áreas faciales cercanas a la región maxilar o mandibular, y es producida casi siempre por abscesos dentarios periapicales. Tiene mayor prevalencia en los adultos y en ocasiones es posible identificar la causa que lo originó. Se presenta el caso de una paciente mayor, con una lesión nodular de evolución crónica y progresiva en región nasogeniana, con apariencia clínica inicial de carcinoma basocelular, que luego de ser descartado con una biopsia cutánea, obliga a ampliar el estudio, llegándose finalmente al diagnóstico de FCO, con resolución total de la lesión. La FCO resulta muchas veces mal diagnosticada debido a que puede tomar la apariencia clínica de otras entidades más frecuentes; su presentación es variada y no siempre se presenta en áreas muy cercanas al sitio de origen, resulta importante tenerla en cuenta para un adecuado y pronto tratamiento.

Cutaneous sinus tract odontogenic is a known entity, but not frequent, mostly affecting facial areas near the maxillary or mandibular region, and is almost always caused by periapical dental abscesses. lt's more prevalent in adults and sometimes is possible to identify the cause that originated ir. We report the case of an older patient with a nodular chronic and progressive lesion in nasogenian region, with initial clinical appearance of basal cell carcinoma, which was then ruled by a skin biopsy, requiring expansion of the study, eventually reaching the diagnosis of cutaneous sinus tract with total resolution of the lesion. This condition is often misdiagnosed because it may take the clinical appearance of other more common entities; its presentation is varied and not always occurs in areas very close to the site of origin, is important to take into account for a proper and prompt treatment.

Colgajos de piel cabelluda en la reconstrucción facial alta en pacientes con carcinoma basocelular / Flaps of skin in the superior facial reconstruction in patients with basocelular carcinoma

Las lesiones malignas de la cara se presentan como un reto para el cirujano oncólogo, que debe realizar grandes resecciones que garanticen control local, y mantener las funciones ocular, palbebral, y respiratorias, Así como, buscar adecuados resultados estéticos sin comprometer la radicalidad, intentamos mostrar la utilidad de los colgajos de piel cabelluda en la reconstrucción oncológica en 3 pacientes. Se realizó un estudio descriptivo retrospectivo de 3 casos en que se practicó resección de grandes lesiones: temporal, fronto-temporal y nasal, en pacientes que acudieron a la Clínica Docente los Jarales, entre enero 2009 y mayo de 2010. Todos tenían diagnóstico de carcinoma basocelular, uno de ellos tipo morfea, los procedimientos utilizados fueron: colgajo y Z plastia por lesión temporal de 3 cm de diámetro, otro una lesión nasal sin afección osteo-cartilaginosa se le realizó colgajo frontal pediculado con sección en 6 semanas, y por último una paciente con lesión temporo-frontal derecha y defecto pos resección de 10 cm de diámetro que se reconstruyó con gran colgajo parietal de rotación y avance, la evolución de los casos fue satisfactoria, sin complicaciones, sin secuelas funcionales y resultados estéticos excelentes, el tiempo quirúrgico promedio fue de 80 min y la hospitalización duró un máximo de 4 días. En nuestra experiencia se demuestra la gran utilidad de los colgajos de piel cabelluda en las econstrucciones faciales complejas con resultados tanto estéticos como funcionales favorable

The malignant lesions of the face is presented as a problem it’s been challenge for the surgical oncologist, since it has major resection to ensure local control, and maintain the eye functions, the palpebral, and the respiratory as well as seeking appropriate aesthetic results without any compromising radical. In these work we try to show the usefulness of the scalp flaps in the reconstruction posterior to surgery oncology in 3 patients. We conducted a retrospective study of three cases in which resection of major injuries: Temporal, frontal, temporal and nasal. In the patients who attended to the Jarales Teaching Clinic between January 2009 and May 2010. All patients had a diagnosis of basal cell carcinoma, morphea type one of them, the procedures used were: Z-plasty flap and temporary injury to 3 cm in diameter, the other a nose injury without evidence of osteo-cartilage was performed with pedicled forehead flap section in 6 weeks, and finally a patient with right frontal-temporal lesion and defect posterior resection 10 cm in his diameter, that was reconstructed with large parietal flap rotation and advancement, the development of all the cases was satisfactory, without complications, and functional consequences, excellent cosmetic results, surgical time averaged of 80 min and hospitalization lasted a maximum of four days. In our experience we demonstrate the usefulness of the scalp flaps in complex facial reconstructions with both aesthetic and functional favorable results

Cáncer de piel no-melanoma / Non-melanoma skin cancer

El cáncer de piel no-melanoma incluye principalmente las neoplasias queratinocíticas (carcinoma basocelulary espinocelular) y tumores de menor frecuencia tales como: linfomas cutáneos, carcinoma de células de Merkel, sarcoma de Kaposi, angiosarcomas, enfermedad de Paget, e histiocistomas malignos entre otros. En este artículo revisaremos la epidemiología, patogénesis, clínica, histopatología, diagnóstico y modalidades terapéuticas de los dos principales cánceres de la piel no melanoma: basocelular y espinocelular.

The non-melanoma skin cancer refers mainly to the queratinocitic neoplasias (basal cell carcinoma and spinouscell carcinoma) and less frequently tumours like: lymphomas, Merkel cell carcinoma, Kaposi´s Sarcoma, angio sarcomas, Paget disease and malignant hystiocitomas. In this article we will review the epidemiology, pathogenesis, clinical picture, histopathology, diagnosis and treatment of the two more frequent non-melanoma skin cancers: basal cell carcinoma and squamous cell carcinoma.

Carcinoma triquilemal: relato de caso / Trichilemmal carcinoma: case report

O carcinoma triquilemal é um tumor raro, que ocorre, geralmente, na pele exposta ao sol, principalmente face, couro cabeludo, pescoço e dorso das mãos, em indivíduos idosos, entre a 4ª e 9ª décadas de vida, sem predilação por sexo. O presente estudo mostra um caso de carcinoma triquilemal, recidivado, de difícil tratamento, em mesma topografia de um carcinoma basocelular tratado previamente com cirurgia e radioterapia.

The trichilemmal carcinoma is a rare tumor that usually occurs on sun-exposed skin, especially on the face, scalp, neck and back of hands, mainly in elderly subjects but commonly between the 4th and 9th decades of life. It is not a gender-based illness. This study shows a difficult to treat case of recurrent trichilemmal carcinoma on the same location of a basal-cell carcinoma previously treated with surgery and radiotherapy.

Carcinoma basocelular de localização inguinoescrotal: relato de caso

Carcinoma basocelular é neoplasia cutânea de alta incidência no Brasil.Caracteriza-se por sua associação com pacientes de pele clara, exposição solar crônica e a localização das lesões em áreas fotoexposta.A incidência de metástases é excepicional,ocorrendo a cada 10.000 e 35.000 casos.Localização na região perineal é rara e,quando presente,a hipótese de carcinoma basocelular é raramente aventada e o diagnóstico final,postergado.Há referência de que a possibilidade de metástases cresce quando o carcinoma basocelular é de localização perineal.

Imiquimod creme a 5 por cento no tratamento do carcinoma basocelular superficial: experiência em Porto Alegre – RS / Imiquimod 5 percent cream in the treatment of superficial basal cell carcinoma: experience in Porto Alegre – RS

Em um estudo aberto, quatro pacientes foram selecionados para avaliação da eficácia do imiquimod creme 5% no tratamento do carcinoma basocelular superficial. Os pacientes utilizaram o medicamento no regime de uma aplicação diária, por 12 semanas. A taxa de resposta foi avaliada pela remissão clínica e histológica. O uso do imiquimod creme a 5% no tratamento do carcinoma basocelular resultou na remissão completa dos tumores neste estudo.

In an open label study 4 patients were selected in order to evaluate the efficacy of imiquimod cream 5% in the treatment of superficial basal cell carcinoma. The patients applied the medication once a day for 12 weeks. The response rate was evaluated through the clinical and histological response. The use of imiquimod cream 5% in the treatment of basal cell carcinoma resulted in complete remission of tumors in this trial.