Determination of cobalt and tungsten in human urine by inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry / 中华劳动卫生职业病杂志

Objective: To establish a inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry method for the determination of trace cobalt and tungsten in human urine. Methods: The authors used 1% nitric acid solution as diluent in October-December 2021, the sample dilution factor and internal standard element were optimized by single factor rotation experiment, and the difference between the working curve and the standard curve was compared. Results: The method uses working curve to determine cobalt and tungsten in urine, the linear range of this method was 0.0~10.0 μg/L, the correlation coefficient was 0.999 9, the detection limits respectively were 0.005 μg/L (cobalt) and 0.09 μg/L (tungsten), the recoveries of samples respectively were 87.0%~100.2% (cobalt) and 89.4%~104.8% (tungsten), the relative standard deviations respectively were 0.4%~4.4% (cobalt) and 0.6%~3.8% (tungsten) . Conclusion: A simple and rapid method for determination of cobalt and tungsten in urine has been established. This method has the advantages of simple operation, high sensitivity, low detection limit and good stability. It is suitable for determination of cobalt and tungsten in urine of all kinds of people.

Evaluation of nickel and cobalt release from mobile phone devices used in Brazil

Abstract: Nickel and cobalt are often responsible for metal-induced allergic contact dermatitis. With the increasing use of cell phones, we observed an increase in cases reports on telephone-related allergic contact dermatitis. The present study evaluated nickel and cobalt release from mobile phones used in Brazil. We evaluated devices of 6 brands and 20 different models using nickel and cobalt allergy spot tests. Of the 20 models, 64.7% tested positive for nickel, with 41.1% positive results for the charger input and 23.5% for other tested areas. None of them was positive for cobalt. Nickel release was more common in older models.

Nickel exposure from keys: a Brazilian issue

Abstract: Keys are a significant source of exposure to metal allergens and can be a relevant problem for nickel-allergic individuals. This study aimed to perform nickel and cobalt spot testing among the 5 most common Brazilian brands of keys. Among the tested keys, 100% showed positive result to nickel spot test, 83,3% presented strong positive reaction. 50% exhibited cobalt release as well. Nickel release from keys is very common in our country and may cause a negative impact on sensitized individual's quality of life. Study's results highlight the importance of establishing directives to regulate nickel release in Brazil.

Nutrition facts and limits for micronutrients in tree species used in urban forestry

ABSTRACT There is a huge lack of researches that evaluate the nutritional limits in tree species used in urban forestry, especially in terms of micronutrients. This study aimed to establish limits and range of micronutrients levels for the proper development of tree species utilized in urban forestry. The study was conducted in the city of Santa Maria-RS-Brazil. Through forest inventory, 23 forest species present in urban forest were selected, and 05 vegetative branches of each tree were collected, in which the contents of B, Cu, Fe, Mn and Zn were analyzed. Ranges of micronutrients' contents were developed for class limits criteria. Nutritional problems were detected for B, Cu and Zn in G. robusta and S. cumini, indicating a need of fertilization and management of these trees. The levels of Mn were within an adequate range only for the species C. illinoensis and H. chrysotrichus. The contents of B were higher than the level considered adequate for H. chrysotrichusand M. nigra. The rates of Fe showed high levels for E. japonica, H. chrysotrichusand S. babylonica. The estimated nutritional limits enable a greater control in the classification of the results for each tree species utilized in urban forestry.

Efeito da administração de propileno glicol e cobalto associado à vitamina B12 sobre o perfil metabólico e a atividade enzimática de ovelhas da raça Santa Inês no periparto / Effect of propylene glycol, cobalt and vitamin B12 on the metabolic profile and enzymatic in Santa Inês ewes in peripartum

(AU)O presente estudo teve por objetivo avaliar a influência da administração de propileno glicol e cobalto associado à vitamina B12 sobre o perfil metabólico e a atividade enzimática de ovelhas da raça Santa Inês no período do periparto. Foram utilizadas 18 ovelhas prenhes, pesando em torno de 40kg. Aproximadamente 30 dias antes da data prevista para o parto foram separadas de maneira aleatória em três grupos e administrados os suplementos conforme a seguir: (G1/n=6) grupo que recebeu propileno glicol (30mL por via oral diariamente); (G2/n=6) grupo que recebeu cobalto (1mg de cloreto de cobalto a 1%, via oral diariamente) associado a vitamina B12 (2mg via intramuscular, semanalmente) e (G3/n=6) grupo controle. As amostras de sangue das ovelhas para avaliação do perfil metabólico e enzimático (glicose, β-hidroxibutirato-BHB, NEFA, proteína total, albumina, uréia, creatinina, AST, GGT, FA e CK) foram colhidas 30 dias antes da data prevista para o parto, uma semana antes (ante-parto), no parto, às 24h, 72h, 5 dias, 15 dias e 30 dias após o parto. Não foi observado cetonúria nos momentos que antecederam ao parto. A administração dos suplementos não influenciou sobre o perfil metabólico, protéico e energético, assim como não houve comprometimento hepático das ovelhas no período do periparto.(AU)

The aim of this study was to evaluate the influence of the administration of propylene glycol and cobalt associated with vitamin B12 on the metabolic profile and enzymatic activity of Santa Inês ewes in the peripartum period. A total of 18 pregnant ewes, weighing around 40kg were used. Approximately 30 days before the expected date of delivery were randomly separated into three groups and administered supplements as follows: (G1/n = 6) group received propylene glycol (30mL orally daily); (G2/n = 6) group receiving cobalt (1mg cobalt chloride 1%, orally daily) associated with vitamin B12 (2mg intramuscular weekly) and (G3/n = 6) control group. Blood samples from ewes to evaluate the enzymatic and metabolic profile (glucose, β-hydroxybutyrate, BHB, NEFA, total protein, albumin, urea, creatinine, AST, GGT, ALP and CK) were taken 30 days before the date set for delivery, one week before (ante partum), delivery at 24h, 72h, 5 days, 15 days and 30 days after delivery. ketonuria was not observed in pre partum. The administration of supplements had no effect on the metabolic profile, protein and energy, and no liver disorders was observed in peripartum.(AU)

Voltammetric determination of trace metals Zn2+, Cd2+, Pb2+, Cu2+, Co+2 and Ni+2 in some medicinally important plants from Western Ghats, Karnataka State, India.

Trace metal levels in selected medicinal plant leaves from Western Ghats, Karnataka, India were studied A method for the determination of Zinc, Copper, Lead and Cadmium simultaneously in the pH of 4.5 in citrate buffer, and Cobalt and Nickel simultaneously in the pH 9.2 in ammonia buffer medium has been optimized. Electrochemical method, Differential Pulse Anodic Stripping Voltammetry (DPASV) has been used for quantification. The optimized procedure has been successfully applied for the determination of the above-mentioned metal ions in some medicinally important plant leaves from Western Ghats, Karnataka, India. The concentrations of trace metals in the medicinal plant samples were found to be in the ranges: 15.61-20.71 mg g(-1) for copper, 0.056-0.10 mg g(-1) for cadmium, 0.91-1.81 mg g(-1) for lead, 0.42-0.96 mg g(-1) for nickel, 1.21-1.97 mg g(-1) for cobalt and 23.29-32.52 mg g(-1) for zinc. The effect of pH, deposition time and potential has been studied and optimized. The study reveals that all the trace metals are well within the maximum permissible limits, therefore, medicinal plants of this region are very much suitable for medicinal use. The results are compared with the data obtained by atomic absorption spectroscopy.

Comparative study of selected organically and conventionally vegetables

Due to the growing interest in organic products, a comparison between the chemical and biological safety of organic and conventional vegetables was undertaken. Organic and conventional potato, tomato and cucumber were the products purchased from Sekem Company, Cairo, Egypt. Moisture, protein, fat, ash, carbohydrates, phosphorus, vitamin C, heavy metals such [Nickel, cadmium.cobalt and lead], and pesticides residues were determined in all investigated samples. The biological experiment was done on 42 adult male albino rats. Rats were divided into 7 groups. Group [1] fed on basal diet [control group], group [2] fed on basal diet with organic tomato [2.5%], group [3] fed on basal diet with conventional tomato [2.5%], group [4] fed on basal diet with organic cucumber [2.5%], group [5] fed on basal diet with conventional cucumber [2.5%], group [6] fed on basal diet with organic potato [5%], group [7] fed on basal diet with conventional potato [5%]. At the end of the experimental period [4 weeks] rats were scarified and blood samples were collected to separate serum for estimating liver and kidney functions and lipid profile. The results illustrated that, the nutritional value of organic vegetables was higher than the conventional vegetables. The level of pesticides residues in organic vegetables was very low comparing to conventional vegetables. In addition, the heavy metals [cadmium, nickel, and lead] were found in both organic and conventional vegetables but they were higher in conventional vegetables than organic vegetables. The organic tomato significantly increased serum HDL-C. Organic cucumber significantly decreased serum VLDL-C and TG. While all organic and conventional did not affect serum LDL-C. Total cholesterol and kidney functions. Conventional cucumber caused a significant increase in serum uric acid. On the other hand, all tested conventional vegetables significantly increased serum ALT. While organic tomato and cucumber did not affect liver enzymes but, organic potato led to slightly increase in liver enzymes. In conclusion, the present study suggests that regular survey of organic vegetables should be done in order to assure food safety and to protect the end users from food risks that might injure their health

Estimation of trace elements in sound and carious enamel of primary and permanent teeth by atomic absorption spectrophotometry: an in vitro study.

The influence of trace elements on the prevalence of caries is a complex subject. However, the demonstration of an inverse relationship between caries prevalence and fluoride (F) intake indicates the potential effect of trace elements on caries. AIMS AND OBJECTIVES: This in vitro study sought to estimate and compare the trace element concentrations in sound and carious enamel of primary and permanent teeth. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Forty sound and carious primary and permanent teeth, extracted from children and adolescents of Davangere city, were collected. The teeth were divided into four groups (of ten each) and enamel samples were prepared by mechanical grinding. The trace elements were estimated using atomic absorption spectrophotometer. RESULTS AND CONCLUSIONS: The results of our study showed the presence of 18 trace elements (F, Sr, K, Al, Si, Ni, B, Fe, Cu, Mn, Co, Cr, Zn, Mg, Se, Pb, Mo, and V) in the enamel of sound and carious primary and permanent teeth. The mean, standard deviation, and range (at 95% confidence level) were calculated for each element. The concentrations of F, Sr, and K were significantly ( P <0.05) higher in sound enamel of permanent teeth than in sound enamel of primary teeth. The concentrations of F, Sr, K, Al, and Fe were significantly ( P <0.05) higher in sound enamel of permanent teeth than in carious enamel of permanent teeth. The concentrations of F, K, and Si were significantly ( P <0.05) higher in sound enamel of primary teeth than in carious enamel of primary teeth.

Mechanism of nickel resistance in a cobalt-resistant wall-less mutant of Neurospora crassa (fz; sg; os-1).

A cobalt-resistant wall-less mutant of N. crassa (Cor-sl) characterized previously was also found to be 3-fold more resistant to nickel when compared to the parent wall-less mutant (W-sl). The Cor-sl strain accumulates relatively lower amounts of nickel when compared to W-sl. Sub-cellular fractionation showed significant quantities of nickel to be associated with nuclear and mitochondrial fractions in both the wall-less mutants. However significant differences were observed in vacuolar fractions of W-sl and Cor-sl strains. Fractionation of cell-free extracts on Sephadex G-10 column resolved nickel into two peaks, of which the peak II in Cor-sl constituted 70% of nickel, while the same in W-sl was about 30%. A 3-fold increase in histidine content was observed in case of Cor-sl as compared to W-sl strain, suggesting its role in Ni-resistance.

Determinação de metais em amostras de cabelo utilizando um espectrômetro de massa de alta resolução acoplado a uma fonte de plasma induzida por gás de argônio / High-resolution argon-induced coupled plasma mass spectrometry in metal determination of hair samples

A técnica de espectrometria de massas de alta resolução com fonte de plasma induzida por gás de argônio (HR-ICP-MS) tem sido reconhecida pela sua sensibilidade, especificidade e capacidade para análise concomitante de múltiplos elementos metálicos. Por estas características, a sua aplicação em análise de amostras de cabelo começa a ser investigada em Toxicologia Analítica. Este trabalho descreve um método para a identificação e quantificação de cromo, cobalto, níquel, cádmio e chumbo em amostras de cabelo, utilizando espectrômetro de massas de alta resolução ®Element¼ da Finnigan MAT©. A precisão do método mostrou coeficientes de variação de 7,79 a 17,08 por cento (precisão externa) e 0,56 a 5,84 por cento (precisão interna)...

Melanoma de coróide: conservaçäo de olhos com placas de cobalto-60 / Choroidal melanoma: eye preservation by cobalt-60 plaque therapy

Säo apresentados os resultados de tratamento de 28 pacientes portadores de malanoma da coróide tratados por braquiterapia com placas de cobalto-60. O tamanho dos tumores variou de 2,1 a 15mm em altura e de 9,0 a 22mm no maior diâmetro basal. Para análise dos resultados os pacientes foram subdivididos em 2 grupos: grupos I, com 19 pacientes portadores de tumores de mais de 8mm em altura; e grupo II, com 9 pacientes portadores de tumores de até 8mm de altura. Os resultados quanto à conservaçäo do globo ocular foram melhores no grupo I (78,9/100) que no grupo II (33,3). Todos os olhos enucleados tiveram confirmaçäo do diagnóstico clínico por anátomo-patológico. Dois pacientes do grupo II foram a óbito. Ambos eram portadores de outros tumores malignos sistêmicos previamente ao diagnóstico do melanoma da coróide. Pode-se questionar as hipóteses de tumor metastático ocular ou de dupla patologia tumoral nesses casos. A complicaçäo ocular mais frequente foi a retinopatia da irradiaçäo (39,3/100) seguida da catarata (28,6/100)