rare cause of small bowel obstruction in adults: left paraduodenal internal hernia

A 47 years old lady presented with repeated intermittent, colicky, left upper, and periumblical abdominal pain associated with nausea and vomiting since two years prior to admission. Each episode of the pain spontaneously subsided after bilious vomiting. The patient had no history of surgery, abdominal trauma or intra-abdominal infection, weight loss or previous history for small bowel obstruction [SBO]. MRI enterography was suggestive of internal hernia and surgery documented left paraduodenal [mesocolic] internal hernia [LPDIH]. After surgery the patient was followed for three months without any abdominal symptoms

Hérnia traumática do pulmão / Traumatic lung hernia

Traumatic lung herniation is an unusual clinical problem. We present a case of a large left post-traumatic lung hernia on the left, anterior, second intercostal space following blunt chest trauma. An important factor in the etiology of these lesions is the relative lack of muscular support of the anterior part of the chest. This report describes the diagnosis and management of a post-traumatic lung hernia.

Comparison of induction and recovery characteristics of halothane and sevoflurane among infants

The aim of this study was to compare the induction and recovery characteristics associated with Halothane and Sevoflurane anesthesia in infants undergoing herniotomy. A total number of 100 infants who underwent herniotomy at King Hussein Medical Center between July 2008 and February 2009, under general anesthesia were allocated to receive either Sevoflurane [n=50] or Halothane [n=50] anesthesia. Induction times, recovery times and induction and recovery complications were recorded. The time of induction was shorter with Sevoflurane than with Halothane. The incidence of excitement was higher in Sevoflurane group than in Halothane group during both induction and recovery. Recovery time was significantly shorter with Sevoflurane group than halothane group. Sevoflurane, when used for infants, has the advantage of faster speed of induction and more rapid recovery than Halothane, which may make it suitable alternative to the later

Herniación medular transdural idiopática: informe de dos casos y revisión de la literatura / Idiopathic transdural spinal cord herniation: report of two cases and literature review

Introducción: La herniación medular transdural idiopática es una entidad rara cuyas formas son la postraumática y posquirúrgica; es omitida en la valoración preoperatoria y con frecuencia afecta al segmento torácico. Clínicamente puede causar mielopatía progresiva o síndrome de Brown-Séquard, cuyo diagnóstico se establece por resonancia magnética. La finalidad de informar esta entidad es su dificultad diagnóstica y, por lo tanto, para establecer un manejo óptimo. Casos clínicos: Dos pacientes mal diagnosticados al inicio e intervenidos en otros segmentos del raquis. Finalmente fueron valorados por sospecha clínica de herniación medular transdural idiopática y por exclusión de otras patologías. Se les realizó laminectomía en los niveles afectados, reducción de la hernia medular y colocación de parche sintético en duramadre. Conclusiones: La herniación medular transdural idiopática se ha atribuido a debilidad congénita de la duramadre o duplicación dural ventral con herniación a través de la capa interna debido a la presión continua del líquido cefalorraquídeo que empuja la médula fuera del espacio subdural. Se estima que el diagnóstico preoperatorio se realiza en una tercera parte de los casos, confirmándose con resonancia magnética. El tratamiento quirúrgico se efectúa en pacientes con progresión de los síntomas; los pacientes cuyos síntomas son leves o ausentes se mantienen bajo monitoreo. El tratamiento oportuno puede permitir la recuperación del déficit neurológico, mejorando la afección motora en 80% y la afección sensitiva en 35%.

BACKGROUND: Idiopathic transdural spinal cord herniation (ISCH) is a rare entity with postsurgical and post-trauma forms. ISCH is often omited in the preoperative evaluation. It often affects the thoracic segment and presents clinically as a rare cause of progressive myelopathy or Brown-Séquard syndrome, whose diagnosis is established by magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). We report on this rare entity due to its difficult diagnosis, making optimal management difficult. CLINICAL CASE: We present the cases of two patients with ISCH who were misdiagnosed and operated on in other spinal segments without reaching an accurate diagnosis. In our institution, patients with clinical suspicion were evaluated by imaging studies in order to rule out other pathologies. Laminectomy was performed on the involved levels, reducing herniation and with the placement of a synthetic spinal patch to the duramater. CONCLUSIONS: ISCH has been attributed to congenital weakness of the duramater or the dural ventral duplication with herniation through the inner layer due to continuous pressure from cerebrospinal fluid that pushes the marrow out of the subdural space. It is estimated that presurgical diagnosis is done only in one third of the cases, confirmed by MRI. Surgery is performed on patients with symptom progression. Surveillance in those patients with mild symptoms is recommended. Treatment may allow recovery of the neurological deficit, improving motor affection in 80% of patients and sensory affection in 35%.

Hernia repair under local anesthesia

To describe hernia repair under local anesthesia with regard to the technique, morbidity and hospital admissions after the procedure. Two-hundred hernia repairs were performed under local anesthesia for 178 patients at King Hussein Medical Center and at Prince Hashem Hospital between January 2005 and January 2007. All patients were assessed preoperatively by a senior surgeon and written consent was obtained. The anesthesia protocol used included 0.5% lignocaine and 0.25% bupivacaine as local anesthesia supplemented with intravenous sedation by the anesthesiologist as necessary. Patients were monitored intraoperatively for heart rate, blood pressure and pulse oximetry. The procedure was successfully performed for 197 hernias under local anesthesia. Only three patients required general anesthesia. The first 50 patients were admitted overnight for observation, the rest were all planned as day case surgeries and were followed up over a three month period. Four patients developed wound hematoma, two patients developed wound infection, one patient developed post operative urine retention, and two patients showed evidence of recurrence when reviewed after one year. Our study confirmed the safety and convenience of using local anesthesia for hernia repair. Less post operative discomfort and low morbidity rate was obtained. Hernia repair under local anesthesia can be learnt easily and quickly, therefore it is the recommended procedure to be used in our practice for the repair of inguinal hernia

Left paraduodental hernia causing acute small bowel obstruction

Paraduodenal hernias are rare fascinating variety of hernias that arise in the potential spaces and folds of the posterior parietal peritoneum adjacent to the ligament of Treitz. These may present with chronic intermittent abdominal pain, acute small bowel obstruction of bowel ischaemia. Treatment is by surgery. We present a case of a 32-year-old male who had previously presented to us on multiple occasions with abdominal pain that had always relived by its own. Only this time he presented with acute intestinal obstruction. The anatomy, management and significance of considering this uncommon diagnosis while examining a patient with acute small bowel obstruction are discussed

combination of tramal with bupivacine versus bupivacaine alone in wound infiltration and ilioinguinal blocks in herniotomy

To evaluate the analgesic efficacy and tolerability of tramadol with bupivacaine, in comparison with bupivacaine alone. This was a double-blind randomized study on 300 Paediatric patients undergoing inguinal hernia repair under general aneasethsia with local infiltration anesthesia and ilioinguinal blockade at Queen Rania Paediatric Hospital, Jordan. Post operative pain at 1,2,3,6, 12 and 24 hours and analgesic requirements [paracetamol and Ibuprofen] were assessed. Two hundred ninety patients were admitted for twenty four hours for evaluation, four patients were discharged because parents refuse admission. The median intra-operative VAS score was 10 [IR 15] in group I, receiving the combination of 2 drugs vs. 12 [IR 16] in group II, receiving bupivacaine alone, [P = 0.02]. There was no difference in pain scores or analgesic requirements at 12 hour post-operatively]. Distribution of intra-operative VAS scores showed a greater number [P<0.05] of patients having a VAS score > 30 post-operatively in patients receiving the combination of both drugs vs. bupivacaine alone. The use of combination of Tramal and Bupivacaine infiltration with ilioinguinal blocks is more effective than the bupivacaine group alone and can produce rapid onset of block and also stays for longer duration. We recommend this technique for groin hernia repair to reduce post-operative pain

Hernioplastia sintensión con doble prótesis (tapón y malla): resultados del Servicio de Cirugía General, Hospital Nacional de Itauguá / Hernioplasty without tension double prosthesis (mesh and plug): results of the Surgery Service General, National Hospital Itauguá

Las técnicas de reparacion sin sutura de tejidos, libres de tensión, ha significado un descenso de los índices de recurrencia a cifras inferiores al 1%. Todas ellas tienen en común el uso de material biocompatible de prolipopileno y son procedimientos que tienen una curva de aprendizaje corta. La HSTDP es una técnica sencilla, reproducible y con resultados satisfactorios. La técnica consistió en situar un cono plug de malla de prolipopileno sobre el defecto original de la hernia, según propuesta Rutkow y Robbins y posteriormente colocar la malla de polipropileno sobre la pared posterior del conducto inguinal y rodeando las estructuras del cordón espermático, fijándola según la técnica de Lichtenstein. La doble situación de la prótesis, en el defecto original y con un refuerzo anterior, permite tratar de forma más fisiológica y segura el defecto original y a la vez supone un refuerzo de las estructuras anatómicas de la región inguinal...

Introduction: the introduction of tension-free tissue-free repair techniques has meant a decrease in recurrence rates to figures below 1%. All of them have in common the use of biocompatible polypropylene material and are procedures that have a short learning curve. They are applied in almost any hospital, they have a lower frequency of early complications, their results are reproducible by any surgeon (provided they practice it as the authors describe it). Objective: to analyze the applicability and preliminary results of tensionless hernioplasty using double prostheses (plug plus mesh) (HSTDP). Patients and Methods: a descriptive observational study of a transverse section, partially retrospective, which included 165 adult patients with inguinal hernia admitted to the General Surgery Service of the Itauguá National Hospital from January 2006 to July 2008, according to the selection protocol and of preset jobs. The technique consisted of placing a polypropylene mesh cone or plug over the original hernia defect, as proposed by Rutkow and Robbins, and subsequently placing a polypropylene mesón the posterior wall of the inguinal canal and surrounding the spermatic cord structures, fixing it according to the Lichtenstein technique. Results: there was a predominance of indirect hernias and Gilbert's operative classification III. The median postoperative stay was 25,5 hours. The most frequent postoperative complication has been the presence of seromas in 4 cases (2,2 %) and infection in 7 cases (4 %). No case of prosthetic intolerance was evidenced. The median follow-up has been 14 months, with no recurrences. Conclusions: HSTDP is a simple, reproducible technique with satisfactory results. The double situation of the prosthesis, in the original defect and with a previous reinforcement, allows to treat the original defect in a more physiological and safe way and at the same time it supposes a reinforcement of the anatomical structures of the inguinal region.

Hernia perineal posoperatoria / Postoperative perineal hernia

La hernia perineal posoperatoria es una complicación infrecuente de la resección abdominoperineal y de la exenteración pelviana. El presente artículo tuvo por objetivo presentar un caso y revisar la literatura sobre la técnica quirúrgica utilizada. El paciente fue una mujer, octogenaria, que sufrió una amputación abdominoperineal de Miles a causa de un adenocarcinoma del canal anal y fue tratada previamente con radiaciones. La ausencia de respuesta a la radioterapia hizo necesaria la cirugía. En el período posoperatorio se presentó sepsis de la herida y más tarde apareció la hernia, tratada quirúrgicamente mediante la colocación de una malla por vía abdominal. Ante la recidiva de la hernia se practicó una nueva operación, ahora por vía perineal. Se realizó el cierre del cuello herniario y se colocó una malla de polipropileno. La evolución posoperatoria fue satisfactoria y, un año después de la operación, la enferma realizaba sus actividades normales, sin molestias y sin evidencias de recidiva herniaria.

Postoperative perineal hernia is a rare complication of the abdominoperineal resection and of the pelvis exenteration. The present article was aimed at presenting a case and reviewing the literature on the surgical technique used. This octogenary female patient underwent a Miles' abdominoperineal amputation due to an adenocarcinoma of the anal canal, and she was previously treated with radiation. The lack of response to radiotherapy made surgery necessary. In the postoperative, she presented sepsis of the wound and the hernia that appeared later was surgically treated by placing a mesh by abdominal route. As the hernia relapsed, a new operation was performed by perineal route. The hernial neck was closured and a prolene mesh was placed. The postoperative evolution was satisfactory and a year after surgery, the patient was able to carry out her normal activities, without troubles and without evidences of hernial relapse.

Infección postoperatoria en eventrorrafías / Surgical wound infection in hernia

Introducción: la incidencia de eventraciones oscila entre uno y 16% de las laparotomías, convirtiendo la eventrorrafia en un procedimiento muy común en los servicios quirúrgicos. El National Nosocomial Infection Surveillance Systems NNISS, mostró que la infección del sitio operatorio (ISO) es la tercera infección nosocomial más frecuente en pacientes hospitalizados, con una prevalencia del 14 al 16%.' Son muchos los factores que se han relacionado con la ISO en eventrorrafias que a su vez se identifica como factor de riesgo para la recidiva de las eventraciones. Objetivo: describir la frecuencia de presentación de ISO y los factores relacionados, en pacientes a quienes se les realizó eventrorrafia. Metodología: estudio descriptivo de corte transversal en el período de julio 1 de 2004 y julio 1 de 2006 en el Hospital de San José. Se analizaron variables demográficas, quirúrgicas, las propias de la eventración y del posto-peratorio y las escalas de riesgo de infección. Resultados: de los 132 pacientes llevados a eventrorrafia, el 58.3% (77) fueron mujeres y 41.6% (55) hombres; el promedio de edad fue 50 años. La frecuencia de ISO global fue del 9% (12); la ISO superficial en diez casos (7.5%) y profunda en dos (1.5%). Los antecedentes patológicos identificados en la población con ISO fueron diabetes mellitus en 25%, enfermedad coronaria y EPOC en 8,3% y tabaquismo en 33%. En aquellos que no presentaron ISO se encontró 5%, 2,5%, 5.8% y 9% respectivamente. El tiempo promedio de cirugía fue 115 minutos en los pacientes con ISO y 86 minutos en aquellos sin ISO. El 33 % (4) con ISO requirió cirugía de urgencias por encarcelamiento. No se documentó ISO en los dos pacientes que requirieron resección intestinal. En los pacientes que no presentaron ISO, uno tuvo NNISS 3 y SENIC 4. Conclusiones: la frecuencia global de ISO y los factores de riesgo descritos en el estudio son similares a los reportes de la literatura médica. Se requiere de estudios futuros de tipo prospectivo con un adecuado seguimiento que permitan identificar factores de riesgo de ISO y hacer vigilancia sobre el comportamiento de la ISO secundaria a eventrorrafias en la institución.

Associated pathological lesions with obstructed, incarcerated or strangulated para-umbiticai hernia: our experience

Pathological lesions associated with incarcerated or strangulated para-umbilical or incisional hernia have important effects on the management and morbidity. The aim of this paper is to report experience with pathological lesion associated with incarcerated, strangulated para-umbilical and incisional hernia

Day case inguinal hernia surgery in Nigerian children: prospective study

Background: There has been an increase in day case surgery for children worldwide; but there have been few reports of the practice (most of them being retrospec-tive) by many of the surgical sub-specialties in the sub-region. The aim of this study was to document our experience with day case inguinal hernia surgery in a developing economy. Materials and Methods: This was a prospective study of uncomplicated inguinal hernias treated as day case at OAUTHC between April 2004 and December 2004. Data were collected and analysed. Results: Eighty-eight patients were recruited into the study and none defaulted. There were 88 patients; (M:F = 16.6:1). A majority (n = 54) of the hernias occurred on the right side; while just a few (n = 18) occurred on the left. There were 5 cases of wound infections giving an infection rate of 4.8. In all; the morbidity following day case inguinal hernia surgery was slight and no patient required readmission into the hospital. Conclusion: Day case inguinal hernia surgery in children is safe and well accepted by patients and parents alike. Health institutions in which children with inguinal hernias still queue for long periods for space on the operation list need to adopt day case surgery for inguinal hernia in order to forestall the risk of their obstruction

Fibras elásticas na parede abdominal anterior: expressão imuno-histoquímica e morfometria / Elastic fibers inanteriorabdominl wall: immunohistochemistry expression and morphometry

Objetivo: avaliar as fibras elásticas na linha Alba de pacientes portadores de hérnias da parede anterior (epigástricas, umbilicais e incisionais), comparando os achados com os de um grupo controle de cadáveres sem hérnias. Métodos: foram avaliados 30 pacientes portadores de hérnias da parede anterior do abdome. Destes pacientes foram obtidas amostras da linha Alba para a avaliação qualitativa e quantitativa da elastina. Resultados: as avaliações iniciais (trabalho em andamento) mostram uma menor quantidade de fibras elásticas nos pacientes com hérnias quando comparados com o grupo controle de cadáveres sem hérnias. Conclusões: existe uma tendência de que os indivíduos portadores de hérnias da parede abdominal anterior apresentem menores quantidades de elastina que os indivíduos sem hérnias.

Background and aims: the purpose of this study was to evaluate the elastic fibers in the linea alba in patients with ventral hernias (epigastric, umbilical and incisional) comparing the data with those obtaine dinacadaver control group without hernias. Methods: thirty patients harvesting ventral hernias were evaluated. In this patients samples were obtained of the linea alba for the quantitative and qualittive evaluation of the elastin. Results: the initial results (the study is still ongoing) shows that there is a decreased amount of alastic fibers in the patients with hernias when compared with the control group without hernias. Conclusions: there are a tendency for individuals with ventral hernias to show adecreased amounto felastin compared with individuals without hernias.

Idiopathic hypertrophic pyloric stenosis combined with left paraduodenal hernia in an adult

We report a case of primary hypertrophic pyloric stenosis combined with a paraduodenal hernia in a 35-year-old woman. The patient presented with signs of obstructive ileus. CT of the abdomen revealed a marked dilatation of the stomach and the proximal jejunum as well as a circumferential thickening of the antral-pyloric region with characteristics indicating hypertrophic pyloric stenosis. Exploratory laparotomy revealed the presence of a paraduodenal hernia containing jejunal loops and marked thickening of the pyloric region. The jejunum was reduced to its normal place and the ostium of the paraduodenal hernia closed with a running suture. The hypertrophic pyloric stenosis was treated with pyloromyotomy. Since the patient had no predisposing factors for the development of secondary pyloric stenosis, we considered the pyloric stenosis as congenital in origin. To our knowledge this is the first reported case of congenital pyloric stenosis combined with the presence of a paraduodenal hernia in an adult

Right-Sided Recurring Catamenial Pneumothorax Complicated by a Diaphragmatic Hernia

No diaphragmatic hernia was reported with a catamenial pneumothorax. We report herein a case of right-sided recurring catamenial pneumothorax complicated by a latent diaphragmatic hernia

Hérnia isquiática: relato de caso / Ischiatc hernia: case report

A hernia esquiática é a mais rara entre todas as hérnias. A sintomalogia é escassa, exceto quando evolui com complicações. O diagnóstico pré-operatório é difícil o tratamento cirúrgico é indicado devido ao risco de estrangulamento visceral. Os autores relatamo caso de jovem do sexo masculino com massa na região glutea direita indolorà palpação com diagnóstico de hérnia isquiática.

Hernia incisional en el Hospital de Lota / Incisional hernia in the Lota Hospital

El presente trabajo es un estudio retrospectivo que tiene como objetivo verificar los factores predisponentes más importantes en 61 pacientes con hernia incisional que ingresaron al servicio de cirugía del Hospital de Lota y fueron sometidos a intervención quirúrgica entre abril del año 2002 y abril del 2004. Como resultado, la incidencia en cuanto al sexo mostró una proporción de 4 a 1 entre mujeres y hombres; es decir, un 80,3 por ciento de mujeres y un 19,6 por ciento de hombres. En cuanto a la distribución por edad, la mayor incidencia fue para el grupo etáreo comprendido entre 41 a 60 años, con un 62,2 por ciento. Dentro de los factores predisponentes más importantes, tenemos: la obesidad (con un índice de masa corporal promedio de 31,2), las cirugías previas y, dentro de éstas, las cirugías ginecológicas (54 por ciento), la colecistectomía abierta (32,7 por ciento), la apendicectomía (3,2 por ciento) y otras (9,8 por ciento). No hubo mortalidad y morbilidad (3,2 por ciento) se debió principalmente a la reacción al material de sutura.