Hesperidin inhibits the epithelial to mesenchymal transition induced by transforming growth factor-ß1 in A549 cells through Smad signaling in the cytoplasm

Hesperidin, a natural compound, suppresses the epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition through the TGF-ß1/Smad signaling pathway. However, studies on the detailed effects and mechanisms of hesperidin are rare. The present study showed that, for A549 alveolar epithelial cells, the anti-proliferative effects of hesperidin occurred in a dose-dependent manner, with an IC50= 216.8 µM at 48 h. TGF-ß1 was used to activate the Smad signaling pathway and induce the epithelial to mesenchymal transition in cells. Treatment with hesperidin or SB431542 was used for antagonism of Smad pathway activation. Hesperidin inhibited the increase in ɑ-SMA and Col1ɑ-1 and the decrease in E-cadherin in a dose-dependent manner from concentration of 20 µM to 60 µM, as assessed by both ELISA and Western blotting assays; however, there was no significant effect on cellular morphological alterations. Moreover, the Western blotting assay showed that, in the cytoplasm, hesperidin and SB431542 had no significant effect on the protein expression of Smad 2, 3, 4, or 7 as well as 2/3. However, 60 µM hesperidin and SB431542 significantly decreased p-Smad2/3 protein expression. From the above results, it is concluded that hesperidin can partly inhibit the epithelial to mesenchymal transition in human alveolar epithelial cells; the effect accounts for the blockage of the phosphorylation of Smad2/3 in the cytoplasm rather than a change in Smad protein production in the cytoplasm

Application of chemometric methods for simultaneous determination of diosmin and hesperidin in pharmaceutical preparations

Classical least-squares [CLS], principal component regression [PCR] and partial least squares [PLS] techniques were proposed for the simultaneous analysis of tablets containing diosmin and hesperidin without chemical separation procedure. The chemometric calibrations were prepared by measuring the absorbance values at the wavelengths in the spectral region 230-400 nm and by using a training set of the mixtures of both drugs in methanol. The obtained chemometric calibrations were used for the estimation of diosmin and hesperidin in samples. The numerical calculations were performed with 'MATLAB 7.5.0' software. By applying these techniques to synthetic mixtures, the mean recoveries and the relative standard deviations were found as 100.20 and 0.34, 100.01 and 0.53%, and 100.53 and 0.56% for diosmin and 100.38 and 0.67% 99.97 and 0.77%, and 100.48 and 0.70% for hesperidin, respectively. The results were compared with those obtained by applying HPLC method as a reference method. The proposed methods were successfully applied to the simultaneous determination of diosmin and hesperidin in pharmaceutical tablet formulation

Identificaçäo cromatográfica de flavonóides contidos em drágeas / Chromatographic identification of flavonoids in coated tablets

Os flavonóides Rutina e Hesperidina foram isolados e identificados em drágeas que os continham por cromatografia em camada delgada