Enzimas antioxidantes en la hiperglicemia e hiperlipidemia inducida por sacarosa en ratas Wistar / Antioxidant enzymes in saccharose-induced hyperglycemia and hyperlipidemia in Wistar rats

El trabajo realizado evaluó la actividad de las enzimas antioxidantes catalasa y superóxido dismutasa en un modelo experimental de hiperlipidemia inducida por sacarosa en ratas Wistar, para lo cual se determinaron los niveles de glicemia y lípidos plasmáticos y los niveles de actividad enzimática específica de la superóxido dismutasa y la catalasa. Se produjeron incrementos significativos en los niveles de glicemia y triacilglicéridos relacionados con la dieta rica en sacarosa. Al cuarto mes del estudio se observó un incremento en la actividad de las enzimas en el grupo con dieta rica en sacarosa, solo con incrementos significativos para la catalasa. Se observó una fuerte correlación entre los niveles de triacilglicéridos del grupo estudio en el último mes de experimentación y los valores obtenidos en la actividad enzimática de la catalasa.

The work we accomplished evaluated the activity of the catalase antioxidant and dismutase superoxide enzymes in the experimental model of saccharose induced hyperlipidemia in Wistar rats, for what we determined the glicemia and plasmatic fluids and the levels of dismutase superoxide and catalase specific enzymatic activity. There they were significant increases in glicemia and triacylglycerides related with a saccharose-rich diet. At the fourth month of the study we observed an increase of the enzymes in the group with a saccharose-rich diet, with significant increases only for the catalase. It was observed a strong correlation between the triacylglyceride levels of the studied group in the last month of experimentation and the values obtained in the catalase enzymatic activity.

Antioxidant and antihyperlipidemic activity of Hibiscus sabdariffa Linn. leaves and calyces extracts in rats.

Antioxidant and antihyperlipidemic activities of the extracts of leaves and calyces of Hibiscus sabdariffa were investigated by studying their in vitro inhibitory activity on lipid peroxidation and in vivo effects on cholesterol induced hyperlipidemia. Highest antioxidant activity was exhibited by ethanolic extract of calyces followed by ethanolic extract of leaves followed by aqueous extract of leaves of H. sabdariffa. In cholesterol induced hyperlipidemic model, groups of rats treated with extracts of calyces and leaves of H. sabdariffa showed a significant decrease in the serum TC, LDL-C, VLDL-C, TAG values alongwith an increase in serum HDL-C levels. The treated groups also showed significant decrease in the atherogenic index, LDL-C: HDL-C risk ratios, and in the levels of SGOT, SGPT and ALP activities compared to cholesterol induced hyperlipidemic control group. Significant antihyperlipidemic activity was shown by ethanolic extract of calyces, followed by ethanolic extract of leaves. It was observed from the histopathological findings that rats fed with H. sabdariffa extracts showed decrease in granular degeneration caused by cholesterol feedings. Results suggest that the ethanolic extracts of calyces and leaves of H. sabdarifa containing polyphenols and flavanols possess significant antioxidant and antihyperlipidemic activities.

Screening for a D9N common mutation in exon 2 of the LPL gene in Thai normolipidemic and hyperlipidemic subjects.

Lipoprotein lipase (LPL) is a multifunctional protein, playing a major role in the hydrolysis of triglyceride-rich lipoproteins. It also affects the maturation of high density lipoprotein (HDL) and low density lipoprotein (LDL). A D9N substitution is a frequent mutation found in exon 2 of the LPL gene. It is due to a G --> A transition causing a substitution of Asp by Asn at amino acid residue 9 of the protein. This mutation was screened for in 94 Thai primary dyslipidemic (46 hypercholesterolemic and 48 combined hyperlipidemic) subjects compared to 32 normal healthy subjects using PCR-RFLP. Such a mutation has not, yet, been detected in any of these Thai subjects.