Mucopolysaccharidosis VII: report of a case and review of the literature / 中华儿科杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To investigate the clinical characteristics and diagnosis of mucopolysaccharidosis VII.</p><p><b>METHOD</b>The clinical and biochemical features of an infant with mucopolysaccharidosis VII confirmed by enzyme assay were analyzed.</p><p><b>RESULT</b>The 2 month-old male infant showed hydrops fetalis, mental retardation, coarse face, corneal clouding, hepatosplenomegaly, hernias, Alder-Reilly granules in the leucocytes and decreased platelet (32 × 10(9)/L). The biochemical markers showed urinary glycosaminoglycans (GAG) (532.8 mg/L, controls < 70.0 mg/L). The ratio of GAG/creatinine was 161.3 (controls: 26.2 ± 11.7). Serum chitotriosidase activity was 315.8 nmol/(ml·h) [control < 53 nmol/(ml·h)]. Beta-glucuronidase activity was deficient in isolated leukocytes.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Severe form of mucopolysaccharidosis VII exhibited characteristics of hydrops fetalis, hepatosplenomegaly, coarse face, thrombocytopenia and Alder-Reilly granules in the leucocytes. The measurements of GAG in urinary and beta glucuronidase in leucocytes are critical to diagnosis and deferential diagnosis.</p>

Implantação de um protocolo laboratorial para o diagnóstico de Mucopolissacaridoses VI e VII / Evaluation of a laboratorial protocol for Mucopolysaccharidosis VI and VII

As Mucopolissacaridoses (MPS) correspondem a um grupo de doenças genéticas raras caracterizadas peladeficiência/ausência de enzimas lisossomais responsáveis pela degradação de glicosaminoglicanos (GAG). Uma vez não degradados,os GAG se acumulam em diversos tecidos do organismo, causando uma série de complicações patológicas, que iniciam desde o período fetal até a fase infantil. Foi realizada a implantação de um protocolo laboratorial para o diagnóstico de pacientes com MPS, através da mensuração da atividade de duas enzimas lisossomais: beta-glicuronidase e arilsulfatase B, deficientes nas MPS VII e VI, respectivamente. Os valores encontrados em indivíduos normais corresponderam aos valores de referência descritos para a doença. Umpaciente com suspeita clínica de MPS demonstrou níveis normais de ambas as enzimas, o que exclui a possibilidade do mesmo possuir MPS VI ou VII. A implantação de protocolos laboratoriais de mensuração enzimática na investigação de MPS permite a realização de diagnósticos mais rápidos e, dessa forma, pode contribuir para as condutas clínicas mais apropriadas.

Sly Disease: Mucopolysaccharidosis Type VII.

A 6 month-old infant presenting with severe mitral regurgitation was found to have hepatosplenomegaly, corneal clouding, and Alder-Reilly granules in the leucocytes. Extremely low levels of beta glucuronidase confirmed the diagnosis of Sly disease (Mucopolysaccharidosis VII). This is the first case of MPS VII reported from India.

Relato de caso de clínico de mucopolisacaridose / Case report mucopolysacharidosis

As mucopolissacaridoses são um grupo de doenças metabólicas raras, sendo dos seis tipos existentes o tipo III a Síndrome de Sanfilippo a mais comumente encontrada. Nesta síndrome, a ausência de enzima alfa glicosaminidase faz com que haja um acúmulo de determinado mucopolissacarídeo no organismo, trazendo conseqüências graves ao desenvolvimento neuropsicomotor do paciente. Este artigo descreve o caso clínico de um paciente portador da síndrome de SANFILIPPO, suas características e as limitações que este quadro oferece ao atendimento odontológico.

Serum hexosaminidase and á-glucuronidase activities in infants: effects of age and sex

We investigated the effect of age and sex on the serum activity of hexosaminidase (HEX) and á-glucuronidase (BGLU) in 275 normal term infants aged 12 h to 12 months. Up to six weeks of life, HEX was significantly higher in boys (P<=0.023). During the age period of 1-26 weeks, BGLU was also higher in boys, but differences were significant only at 2-6 and 7-15 weeks (P<=0.016). The developmental pattern of HEX and BGLU was sex dependent. HEX activity increased in both sexes from 4-7 days of life, reaching a maximum of 1.4-fold the birth value at 2-6 weeks of age in boys (P<0.001) and a maximum of 1.6-fold at 7-15 weeks in girls (P<0.001). HEX activity gradually decreased thereafter, reaching significantly lower levels at 27-53 weeks than during the first three days of life in boys (P = 0.002) and the same level of this age interval in girls. BGLU increased in both sexes from 4-7 days of age, showing a maximum increase at 7-15 weeks (3.3-fold in boys and 2.9-fold in girls, both P<0.001). Then BGLU decreased in boys to a value similar to that observed at 4-7 days of age. In girls, BGLU remained elevated until the end of the first year of life. These results indicate a variation of HEX and BGLU activities during the first year of life and a sex influence on their developmental pattern. This observation should be considered in the diagnosis of GM2 gangliosidosis and mucopolysaccharidosis type VII

Lysosomal storage disorders in Thailand: the Siriraj experience.

Lysosomal storage disorders are a heterogeneous group of biochemical genetic disorders; currently 40-50 are known. The clinical phenotype is determined by the tissue distribution of the storage material and degree of enzyme deficiency. The genetic transmission is mostly autosomal recessive. Lysosomal storage disorders can be divided into three groups according to the major organ system pathology: (1) Primary involvement of the central nervous system without significant somatic or skeletal pathology. Disorders of grey matter, eg gangliosidosis and disorders of white matter eg the leucodystrophy are the most common; (2) Primary involvement of the reticuloendothelial system with or without associated neuropathology, eg Niemann-Pick disease and Gaucher disease; (3) Multisystem involvement in which skeletal manifestations are prominent features. The mucopolysaccharidosis and mucolipidoses are the two major forms with this clinical phenotype. Lysosomal storage disorders identified at Siriraj Hospital are neuronal ceroid lipofuscinosis, GMI gangliosidosis, mucolipidosis II, Maroteaux-Lamy, sialidosis, Sly syndrome, Hunter syndrome, Morquio syndrome, Gaucher disease, Niemann-Pick, Sandhoff disease, Pompe's disease and many more. Most patients came from the provinces where consanguinity is common. Confirmation usually is done by enzyme assays using skin fibroblast culture or leucocytes. Genetic counseling is extremely important and prenatal diagnosis is recommended to high-risk couple.