Tratamento cirúrgico do mixoma odontogênico sem ressecção maxilar: relato de caso / Surgical Treatment od Odontogenic Mixoma Without Maxillary Resection: Case Report / Tratamiento Quirúrgico del Mixoma Odontogénico Sin Resección Maxilar: Informe de Caso

Mixoma Odontogênico é um tumor de origem mesenquimal raro, de desenvolvimento lento e agressivo que acomete indivíduos entre os 10 e 40 anos de idade e principalmente, do gênero feminino. Este estudo teve como principal objetivo descrever um caso clinico de tratamento cirúrgico do mixoma odontogênico sem ressecção maxilar em uma paciente do gênero feminino que compareceu ao Ambulatório de Patologia Oral e Maxilo Facial, da Faculdade de Odontologia da UNIRG, na cidade de Gurupi-TO - Brasil. A paciente foi submetida ao tratamento cirúrgico conservador, através da curetagem e enucleação total do tumor. A proservação foi realizada em períodos de 12 meses, 24 meses e 48 meses aonde pode-se observar a sequencial e completam reparação óssea, inclusive a permanência dos dentes envolvidos que foram submetidos a tratamento endodôntico com total remodelação da lâmina dura e do ligamento periodontal... (AU)

Odontogenic Myxoma (OM) is a rare tumor of mesenchymal origin, of slow and aggressive development that affects individuals between 10 and 40 years of age and mainly female. This study aimed to describe a clinical case of surgical treatment of odontogenic myxoma with out maxillary resection in a female patient who attended the Outpa tient Clinic of Oral Pathology and Facial Maxillo, of UNIRG Dental School, in the city of Gurupi-TO - Brazil. The patient underwent con servative surgical treatment through curettage and total enucleation of the tumor. Proservation was carried out in periods of 12 months, 24 months and 48 months where it was possible to observe the sequential and complete bone repair including the permanence of the involved teeth that underwent endodontic treatment with total remodeling of hard blade and of the periodontal ligament... (AU)

El mixoma odontogénico es un tumor de origen mesenquimal poco frecuente, de desarrollo lento y agresivo que afecta a individuos entre 10 y 40 años de edad y principalmente mujeres. El objetivo principal de este estudio fue describir un caso clínico de tratamiento quirúrgico de mixoma odontogénico sin resección maxilar en una paciente femenina que asistió a la Clínica Ambulatoria de Patología Oral y Maxilo Facial, de la Facultad de Odontología de UNIRG, en la ciudad de Gurupi-TO - Brasil. El paciente se sometió a tratamiento quirúrgico conservador mediante legrado y enucleación tumoral total. La conservación se realizó en periodos de 12 meses, 24 meses y 48 meses donde es posible observar reparación ósea secuencial y completa, incluyendo la permanencia de los dientes implicados que fueron sometidos a tratamiento endodóntico con remodelación total de la durancia y ligamento periodontal... (AU)

Injerto de hueso calvarial envuelto en colgajo pediculado de fascia temporo-parietal para reconstrucción de reborde cigomático-maxilar e infraorbitario: reporte de caso / Calvarial bone graft wrapped in temporo-parietal fascia pedicled flap for zygomatico-maxillary and infraorbital rim reconstruction: case report

La reconstrucción posterior a una cirugía oncológica resectiva maxilar es todo un desafío. Debido a esto, existen diversas técnicas quirúrgicas cuyo objetivo apunta a mantener no solo la funcionalidad, sino también la estética facial, especialmente en el área del reborde infraorbitario. El injerto de hueso calvarial es una opción segura y versátil para realizar una reconstrucción primaria en el reborde infraorbitario. Esta técnica está indicada en aquellos pacientes en los cuales la resección cutánea y exenteración orbitaria no son necesarias. Por este motivo, a continuación, analizaremos este tipo de injerto a propósito de un caso clínico en el que se usó asociado a un colgajo pediculado de fascia temporoparietal.

Reconstruction after maxillary resective oncological surgery is a challenge. Because of this, there are many surgical techniques whose objective is to maintain not only function but also facial aesthetics, especially in the infraorbital rim area. The calvarial bone graft is a safe and versatile option to perform a primary infraorbital rim reconstruction. This technique is indicated in those patients in whom skin resection and orbital exenteration are not necessary. For this reason, we will now analyze this type of graft in relation to a case in which it was used associated with a temporo-parietal fascia flap.

Defecto oncológico maxilar reconstruido mediante colgajo de músculo temporal / Maxillary oncologic defect reconstructed with temporal muscle flap / Defeito oncológico maxilar reconstruído por aba muscular temporal

El macizo facial es una región anatómica compleja que alberga órganos sensoriales. El desarrollo de una enfermedad oncológica, así como su tratamiento, causan defectos funcionales y estéticos con un alto costo físico y psíquico para el paciente y su entorno. Es por ello que la reconstrucción representa un reto. Las diferentes posibilidades incluyen prótesis obturatríces, colgajos libres, pediculados o microvascularizados. En este artículo se describirá el colgajo de músculo temporal y se desarrolla un caso clínico de cirugía oncológica maxilar reconstruido mediante éste en un paciente que presenta una lesión exofítica en cuadrante superior derecho, que se extiende sobre el flanco vestibular, reborde alveolar y zona palatina, desde zona de premolares hasta la zona del segundo molar inclusive, impidiéndole usar la prótesis dental. Esta cirugía es una técnica económica, que requiere menor tiempo quirúrgico que otras técnicas, asociándose a poco porcentaje de fracaso y pocas complicaciones post operatorias.

The facial mass is a complex anatomical region that houses sensory organs. The development of an oncologic disease, as well as its treatment, causes functional and esthetic defects with a high physical and psychological cost for the patient and his environment. This is why reconstruction represents a challenge. The different possibilities include obturator-root prostheses, free, pedicled or microvascularized flaps. In this article the temporal muscle flap will be described and a clinical case of maxillary oncologic surgery reconstructed by means of it is developed in a patient who presents an exophytic lesion in the right upper quadrant, which extends over the vestibular flank, alveolar ridge and palatal area, from the premolar area up to and including the second molar area, preventing him from using the dental prosthesis. This surgery is an economical technique that requires less surgical time than other techniques, and is ass

A massa facial é uma região anatômica complexa que abriga órgãos sensoriais. O desenvolvimento de uma doença oncológica, assim como seu tratamento, causa defeitos funcionais e estéticos com alto custo físico e psicológico para o paciente e seu ambiente. A reconstrução é, portanto, um desafio. As diferentes possibilidades incluem as próteses de raiz obturadora, abas livres, pediculadas ou microvascularizadas. Este artigo descreve o retalho muscular temporal e descreve um caso clínico de cirurgia oncológica maxilar reconstruída utilizando-o em um paciente com lesão exofítica no quadrante superior direito, estendendo-se pelo flanco vestibular, rebordo alveolar e área palatina, desde a área do pré-molar até a área do segundo molar inclusive, impedindo-o de utilizar a prótese dentária. Esta cirurgia é uma técnica econômica, que requer menos tempo cirúrgico que outras.

Reconstrucción de cavidad oral con colgajo de músculo temporal: caso clínico / Reconstruction of oral cavity with temporal muscle flap: a clinical case

Objetivo: Describir la técnica de reconstrucción oral con colgajo de músculo temporal por resección de lesión oncológica. Caso clínico: Un paciente de sexo masculino, de 70 años de edad, fue derivado al Hospital Sirio Libanés desde la Facultad de Odontología de la Universidad de Buenos Aires con diagnóstico de carcinoma mucoepidermoide de siete meses de evolución, ubicado en el reborde alveolar del maxilar superior izquierdo, a nivel de las piezas dentarias 25 a 28. Se realizó la resección del tumor bajo anestesia general y la consiguiente reconstrucción del lecho mediante la técnica de reconstrucción oral con colgajo de músculo temporal. Conclusión: El colgajo temporomiofascial resultó ser versátil para la reconstrucción maxilofacial en lo que respecta a la proximidad, el tamaño, la fiabilidad de la vascularización y la facilidad de la técnica (AU)

Aim: To describe the temporalis myofacial flap technique for reconstruction in the maxillofacial region following oral cancer resection. Clinical case: A 70-year-old male patient was referred to the Sirio Libanés Hospital from the Dental School, University of Buenos Aires with a diagnosis of mucoepidermoid carcinoma with 7 months of evolution located in the alveolar ridge of the left upper jaw, at the level of teeth 25 to 28. The tumor was resected under general anesthesia and a rotational flap of the temporalis muscle was used for the reconstruction of the area. Conclusion: The temporalis flap was a versatile option for the reconstruction of maxillofacial defects due to its proximity to the oral cavity, the reliable vascularity and minor donor site morbidity (AU)

Quality of Life and Maxillary Defects: A Cross-Sectional Study / Calidad de Vida y Defectos Maxilares: Un Estudio Transversal

ABSTRACT: There has been little discussion about the quality of life of patients with maxillary defects. This article evaluates the issues related to the condition. We performed a cross-sectional study of patients with maxillary defects from referral centers in Brazil. To avoid subject burden, a questionnaire was developed, based on questions from seven instruments, which dealt with domains and conclusions that were similar to those from other studies. The predictor variable was the patients' score for each question. The outcome measure was the presence of the best-ranked items on the questionnaire as the impact factor. Six experts assessed these items and suggested which questions to include or exclude. Patients scored each item according to its occurrence and importance. Descriptive statistics and the items' rank according to the impact factor were computed to determine whether there is a comprehensive instrument available. Thirteen patients and six professionals were included in this study. The patients' age ranged from 24 to 72 years (mean (standard deviation, SD), 50.41 (14.46) years). We obtained a 60-item instrument from the selected questionnaires and subject interviews. Only 12 (37.5 %) out of the 32 best-rated items were verified by the existing instruments, two (6.25 %) were suggested by professionals and 18 (56.25 %) were conclusions from other studies. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first study to provide many features related to the quality of life in patients with maxillary defects.

RESUMEN: Existe escasa discusión en la literatura sobre la calidad de vida de los pacientes con defectos maxilares. Este artículo evalúa los problemas relacionados con esta condición. Realizamos un estudio transversal de pacientes con defectos maxilares de centros de referencia en Brasil. Se desarrolló un cuestionario basado en preguntas de siete instrumentos, que trataba sobre dominios y conclusiones similares a las de otros estudios. La variable de estimación fue la puntuación de los pacientes para cada pregunta. La medida de resultado fue la presencia de los elementos mejor clasificados en el cuestionario como factor de impacto. Seis expertos evaluaron estos ítems y sugirieron qué preguntas incluir o excluir. Los pacientes puntuaron cada ítem según su ocurrencia e importancia. Se calcularon las estadísticas descriptivas y la clasificación de los ítems según el factor de impacto, para determinar si existe un instrumento completo. Trece pacientes y seis profesionales fueron incluidos en este estudio. La edad de los pacientes osciló entre 24 y 72 años [media (desviación estándar), 50,41 (14,46) años]. Obtuvimos un instrumento de 60 ítems de los cuestionarios y entrevistas de temas seleccionados. Solo 12 (37,5 %) de los 32 ítems mejor calificados se verificaron de acuerdo a los instrumentos existentes, dos (6,25 %) fueron sugeridos por profesionales y 18 (56,25 %) fueron conclusiones de otros estudios. De acuerdo a nuestro conocimiento, este es el primer estudio que proporciona características relacionadas con la calidad de vida en pacientes con defectos maxilares.

Conservative treatment of odontogenic fibromixoma in maxilla with 11-year follow-up: case report

Introduction: Odontogenic mixomas (OMs) are a locally infiltrating slow-growing intraosseous nonmetastasizing tumors of the maxilla and the mandible that have the potential for bone des-truction and cortical expansion, showing high recurrence rates. Their frequency varies around the world, accounting for 3-20% of all odontogenic tumors, ranking third among odontogenic tumors. They predominantly affect young adults, but may occur in various age groups. Report: A 37-year-old female patient who in August 2005 sought treatment at the Maxillofacial Dental Unit at Hospital Higueras, Talcahuano, Chile, for a left maxillary bone lesion. An increase in vo-lume was observed in the left maxillary region in the clinical analysis of the oral cavity. The neo-plasm was sessile and painless, measuring approximately 3 cm, with a greater diameter in the vestibule, firm on palpation and without signs of gangliopathy. Computed cone beam tomogra-phy imaging showed an extensive infiltrating osteolytic lesion in the left maxillary sinus, with noinvolvement of the orbital bone structure. Analysis of incisional biopsy yielded the diagnosis ofOdontogenic Fibromixoma. It was proposed to perform the conservative treatment of the lesion,consisting of enucleation and surgical curettage, obtaining excellent postoperative results and absence of relapse after 11-year follow-up. Conclusion: The present case report provides eviden-ce that supports the conservative surgical approach for the treatment of odontogenic myxomas, which contributes to a better postoperative quality of life for the patient.

Fibromixoma Odontogénico Agresivo en Maxila: Abordaje Quirúrgico / Aggressive Odontogenic Fibromixoma in Maxilla: Surgical Approach

RESUMEN: El fibromixoma odontogénico (FM) es una infrecuente lesión benigna que muestra un comportamiento invasivo. Considerada una variante del mixoma odontogénico, presenta un origen mesenquimal controvertido y ligera predilección por el sexo femenino. La lesión está asociada a zonas con estructuras dentales adyacentes, siendo su localización más frecuente la región mandibular posterior. El objetivo de este trabajo fue mostrar un caso agresivo de FM en una paciente, localizado en la zona posterior de maxila, destacando su abordaje quirúrgico. Se reporta un caso de una mujer de 52 años, la cual acudió a la consulta por presentar una masa indolora, firme a la palpación en el lado derecho de la maxila. Radiográficamente se observaba como una imagen radiopaca, de márgenes mal definidos que se extendía en el seno maxilar ipsilateral; la tomografía computarizada pudo evidenciar la expansión de las paredes del antro y la fosa nasal, con compromiso del cigomático y el piso de órbita. Se realizó biopsia incisional y el diagnóstico histopatológico fue de FM. El tratamiento de elección consistió en la resección en bloque, mediante abordaje Weber-Fergusson, acompañada de reconstrucción con placa y malla de titanio para garantizar la suspensión del globo ocular; un nuevo estudio histopatológico, confirmó el diagnóstico inicial. Al año del procedimiento quirúrgico no se evidenció recidiva, observando que el material de reconstrucción mantiene su posición, proporcionado estética y funcionabilidad a la paciente.

ABSTRACT: Odontogenic fibromyxoma (FM) is an infrequent benign lesion that shows with invasive characteristics. Considered a variant of the odontogenic myxoma, it presents a controversial mesenchymal origin and is somewhat more frequent in women. The lesion is associated with areas with adjacent dental structures, with its most frequent location in the posterior mandibular region. The objective of this study was to show an aggressive case of FM in a female, located in the posterior area of the maxilla, emphasizing its surgical approach. A case of a 52-year-old woman, who came to the clinic because of a painless, firm mass on the right side of the maxilla. Radiographically, it was seen as a radiopaque image, with poorly defined margins extending in the ipsilateral maxillary sinus; computed tomography showed the expansion of the walls of the antrum and the nasal cavity, with zygomatic compromise and the orbital floor. An incisional biopsy was performed and the histopathological diagnosis was FM. The treatment of choice consisted of block resection, using a WeberFerguson approach, along with reconstruction with a titanium plaque and mesh to guarantee suspension of the eyeball; a new histopathological study, confirmed the initial diagnosis. One year after the surgical procedure, there is no recurrence, and the reconstruction material maintains its position, providing aesthetic and functionality to the patient.

Odontoma composto associado a incisivo central superior impactado: relato de caso / Compound odontoma associated with impacted upper central incisor: case report

Introdução: o odontoma é um tipo de tumor do epitélio odontogênico com ectomesênquima, podendo estar relacionado à presença de dentes não irrompidos. O tratamento consiste em excisão cirúrgica da lesão. Nor-malmente, dentes impactados são assintomáticos, sendo descobertos em radiografias de rotina. A impactação é causada por fatores sistêmicos ou etiológicos locais. Objetivo: reportar um caso clínico de uma criança com impactação dentária de um incisivo central superior esquerdo associado a um odontoma, enfatizando e discutindo a técnica cirúrgica e o planejamento realizado. Relato de caso: paciente de 13 anos de idade, do gênero feminino, com a não erupção do incisivo central superior esquerdo, ao exame clínico, apresentou ausência clínica do dente 21, persistência do dente 61 e um discreto aumento de volume entre os elementos 61 e 22. Foi solicitada uma tomografia computadorizada de feixe cônico (cone beam) da região, na qual se diagnosticou a presença de uma massa radiopaca envolta por um halo radiolúcido sugestivo de odontoma composto, alterando a posição e impedindo a erupção do dente 21, que se encontrava em posição transal-veolar. O plano de tratamento proposto foi remoção cirúrgica do odontoma e tracionamento do dente não irrompido. Conclusão: a remoção cirúrgica de patologias associadas e as manobras referentes aos dentes envolvidos devem ser realizadas no momento mais oportuno e com adequado planejamento, evitando lesões a estruturas nobres e permitindo, assim, um processo de reparo adequado e uma completa restauração da saúde bucal do paciente. (AU)

Introduction: Odontoma is a type of tumor of the odontogenic epithelium with ectomesenchyme and it may be related to the presence of unerupted teeth. The treatment consists of surgical excision of the lesion. Usually, unerupted teeth are asymptomatic and discovered in routine radiographs. Impaction is caused by local systemic or etiological factors. Objective: The present study aims to report a clinical case of a child with an impacted upper central incisor associated with an odontoma, highlighting and discussing the surgical technique and treatment planning. Case report: A 13-year-old female patient without eruption of the left upper central incisor. After clinical examination, the absence of tooth 21, persistence of tooth 61, and a discrete volume increase between elements 61 and 22 were observed. A cone beam computed tomography of the region was requested, which diagnosed the presence of a radiopaque mass involved by a radiolucent halo suggestive of compound odontoma. This condition changed the position and prevented the eruption of tooth 21, which was found in a transalveolar position. The treatment plan proposed was the surgical removal of the odontoma and orthodontic traction of the unerupted tooth. Conclusion: The surgical removal of associated pathologies and maneuvers related to the teeth involved should be performed in a timely manner, with adequate planning, preventing lesions in noble structures, thus allowing an adequate repair process and a complete restoration of the oral health of the patient. (AU)

Post-operative hemimaxillectomy rehabilitation using prostheses supported by zygoma implants and remaining natural teeth

OBJECTIVES: This study aimed to evaluate the stability of prostheses supported by zygoma implants and remaining teeth for subjects who had undergone hemi-maxillectomy. METHODS: Ten patients were included in the study. Oral rehabilitation was performed using a temporary prosthesis that was supported by remaining teeth for the first three months. Then, a zygoma implant was placed to provide support for a final prosthesis in addition to the remaining teeth. Each prosthesis was tailor-made according to biomechanical three-dimensional finite element analysis results. The patients were assessed using the prosthesis functioning scale of the Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center. In addition, retention and bite force were recorded for both the temporary prosthesis and the final prosthesis. RESULTS: The mean bite force of the prosthetic first molar was increased to 69.2 N. The mean retentive force increased to 13.5 N after zygoma implant insertion. The bite force on the prosthetic first molar was improved to 229.3 N. CONCLUSION: Bite force increased significantly with the support of a zygoma implant. The use of zygoma implants in the restoration of maxillary defects improved functional outcome and patient satisfaction.

Function of obturator prosthesis after maxillectomy and prosthetic obturator rehabilitation / Função da prótese obturadora após maxilectomia e reabilitação protética obturadora

ABSTRACT INTRODUCTION: Maxillary defects are usually rehabilitated by a prosthetic obturator. OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to evaluate the functioning of obturators prosthesis in patients with unilateral defects after maxillectomy. METHODS: Of 49 patients, 28 underwent to maxillectomy as a result of tumor ablative surgery, and acquired unilateral maxillary defects. Evaluation of the function was performed by applying the Obturator Functional Scale (OFS). RESULTS: From a total of 49 patients, 28 were treated as follows: 9 with a conventional retained obturator prosthesis (COP), 11 (39%) with an enhanced retentive obturator prosthesis with stud attachment (POP) and 8 (28%) with an enhanced retentive obturator prosthesis with magnetic attachment (POM). The mean OFS score was 80. Scores on functions of speech, swallowing and chewing reached statistical significances (p < 0.05) among these three subgroups. Comparing COP and MOP groups, the scores of OFS in the domains of "Speech-ability to speak in public" and "Swallowing-leakage with liquids" were significantly higher in AOP group. Comparing COP group, the scores of OFS in "Swallowing-leakage with solid" and "Chewing/eating" domains were increased significantly (p < 0.05) both in MOP and AOP groups. CONCLUSION: Obturator prosthesis improves oral function of patients after maxillary defects; the retention of the obturator prosthesis enhanced by the addition of attachments showed more benefits in oral function.

RESUMO INTRODUÇÃO: Em geral, os defeitos da maxila são reabilitados por uma prótese obturadora. OBJETIVO: O estudo avaliou o funcionamento da prótese obturadora em pacientes com defeitos unilaterais após maxilectomia. MÉTODO: De 49 pacientes, 28 foram submetidos a maxilectomia como cirurgia de ablação tumoral e tiveram como sequela defeitos maxilares unilaterais. A avaliação do funcionamento foi efetuada pela aplicação da Escala Funcional do Obturador (EFO). RESULTADOS: De um total de 49 pacientes, 28 foram tratados da seguinte forma: nove com prótese obturadora retentiva convencional (POC), 11 (39%) com prótese obturadora retentiva com fixação por pino (POP) e oito (28%) com prótese obturadora retentiva com fixação magnética (POM). O escore médio na EFO foi de 80. Os escores para funções da fala, deglutição e mastigação alcançaram significância estatística (p < 0,05) entre os três subgrupos. Na comparação entre os grupos POC e POM, os escores da EFO nos domínios da "Fala-capacidade de discursar em público" e "Deglutição-vazamento de líquidos" foram significativamente mais altos no grupo POP. Na comparação com o grupo POC, os escores da EFO nos domínios de "Deglutição-vazamento com sólido" e "Mastigação/ingestão" estavam significativamente aumentados (p < 0,05) nos grupos POM e POP. CONCLUSÃO: A prótese obturadora melhorou o funcionamento oral de pacientes com defeitos maxilares; a retenção da prótese obturadora reforçada pela adição de dispositivos de fixação demonstrou maiores benefícios na função oral.

Tumor odontogénico adenomatoide: presentación característica de un tumor infrecuente; revisión bibliográfica y presentación de un caso clínico / Adenomatoid odontogenic tumor: characteristic presentation of an unusual tumor; review of the literature and report of a case

El tumor odontogénico adenomatoide (TOA) es una neoplasia benigna epitelial de origen odontogénico que se manifiesta con mayor predisposición en el sextante anterior del maxilar superior, aunque puede presentarse en otras localizaciones. Su nombre refleja el rasgo histológico característico de estructuras parecidas a conductos entremezclados con todo el componente epitelial, dando a la lesión un aspecto glandular o adenomatoso. Sigue patrones clínicos y radiográficos característicos. Dado que la lesión no es agresiva biológicamente y requiere de tratamiento conservador, es de extrema importancia su identificación y diferenciación de otras lesiones, especialmente del ameloblastoma...

Prótesis Parcial Obturatriz Paralelizada, en Paciente Oncológico / Partial parallelized obturator prosthesis in oncological patient

Al enfrentarnos a casos que tienen relación con tumores de cabeza y cuello, hay que tener en cuenta la gran diversidad de presentaciones de las neoplasias, histopatología y topografía anatómica de las mismas. Sumado a esto intervendrán factores etiológicos o de riesgo, que darán distintas características epidemiológicas, sintomatológicas, tanto en la forma de progresión de la enfermedad, como en su pronóstico y plan de tratamiento. En este trabajo los autores presentan un caso clínico de una paciente femenino de 25 años con una maxilectomia, por mixoma odontogénico, en su variable histológica de Fibromixoma Odontogénico, ubicado en el seno maxilar derecho. El tratamiento rehabilitador protésico, se realiza con una prótesis obturatriz esquelética, preparando los pilares paralelizados, con los principios de un eje único y preciso de inserción y retiro...

When dealing with neck and head cancer patients, we must consider the many different types of such tumors that appear when conducting histopathologic and anatomic topography assessment. To this we must add etiological or risk factors that will result in various epidemiological and symptomatological characteristics, both regarding the progression of the disease and the prognosis and treatment plan. In this work a clinical case is presented: a 25-year-old female patient who underwent right maxillectomy for an odontogenic myxoma (fibromyxoma) located in her right maxillary sinus. Prosthetic rehabilitation is done with framework obturator prosthesis. The remaining teeth are prepared by creating parallel pillars to obtain a single and accurate axis for insertion and removal...

Anesthesia for tracheostomy for huge maxillofacial tumor

Providing sedation for patients with compromised upper airway is challenging. A 19-year-old female patient with huge maxillofacial tumor invading the whole pharynx scheduled for elective tracheostomy under local anesthesia due to compromised airway. The patient had gastrostomy tube for feeding. Venous cannulation was totally refused by the patient after repeated trials for exhausted sclerosed veins. Pre-operative mixture of dexmedetomidine with ketamine was administered through the gastrostomy tube with eutectic mixture of local anesthetics cream application over the planned tracheostomy site. The patient was sedated with eye opening to command. Local infiltration followed by tracheostomy was performed without patient complaints or recall of operative events

Treatment of odontogenic ameloblastomas and their long term follow up at tertiary centre

Fifty-two patients of ameloblastoma were operated with special emphasis on radiographic and histological appearance. The unicystic radiographico-histological [38] cases were managed conservatively with marsupialization followed by enucleation [Group A' 15 Patients] and enucleation with peripheral ostectomy [Group B' 23 Patients]. The radiographico-histological multicystic [solid] variety [Group C' 14 Patients] was treated aggressively by resection. In conservative treatment regimens Carnoy's solution was applied after enucleation of the tumour whereas, the patients of aggressive surgery were operated with minimum 5mm safety marginal clearance of the tumour. The recurrence rate with average four years follow up was 0.0% for resection, 13.33% for marsupialization followed by enucleation and 8.69% for enucleation with peripheral ostectomy. The results were encouraging for unicystic ameloblastoma treated patients [Group A' and B'], in best interest of jaw bone contour preservation

Flexible resins in the rehabilitation of maxillectomy patient.

Surgical resection is an established and common method for treatment of maxillofacial tumors. Such intervening surgery in this region may involve the destruction of antral, nasal, or orbital contents and jaws. Normally, the end result is a defect which may affect speech, swallowing, mastication and facial appearance. Prosthodontic restoration of functions and facial form is an excellent method in the replacement of missing parts and restoration of contour. Pertinent research in materials, designs and methods have resulted in whole array of possible prosthess that can be provided to meet specific patient needs. This case report describes the fabrication of definitive obturator prosthesis made of flexible acrylic resin on a chrome cobalt base.

Types of maxillary tumours and the resulting post-surgical defects in patients at a teaching hospital

To report the frequency of the types of maxillary tumours and the resulting post-surgical defects based on Aramany classification. Study design, duration and setting: This descriptive study was done during the period of 5 years [2005-11] at the Otorhinolaryngology and Head and Neck Surgery Unit, Khyber Teaching Hospital Peshawar. A pre-structured proforma was used for data collection. Data recorded included patients' age, gender, type of maxillary tumour, type of maxillectomy and approach for resection, Post-surgical defect based on Aramany classification for acquired maxillary defects, neck dissection, radiotherapy, and prosthetic rehabilitation. Data were computed for descriptive statistics including frequencies, percentages and mean values. Patients [n=53] had a male to female ratio of 1.7. Some 26.4% patients belonged to the age group of 31-40 years. Maxillectomy was done for inverted papilloma, a benign tumour in 1.9% patients as compared to malignant squamous cell carcinoma in 66% patients. Maxillary resection for fibrous dysplasia was done in 3.8% patients who were relatively younger. Maxillectomy in all cases was performed using Weber-Fergusson incision approach. Surgical resection resulted in Armanay calls I defect in 73.58% patients. In 92.5% patients a surgical obturator was provided to patients at the time of maxillectomy. Maxillectomy was mainly performed for resecting malignant tumours using Weber-Fergusson incision with the fitting of immediate surgical obturator. The resulting defect was mainly Aramany Class I defects

Hemangiopericytoma - The need for a protocol-based treatment plan.

Hemangiopericytoma is a vascular tumor which comprises only 1% of all vascular tumors. The frequency of occurrence in the head and neck accounts for about 16-33% of all hemangiopericytomas. In this paper we discuss the surgical management, the difficulties in decision-making and treatment-planning in a case of a maxillary tumor in a five-year-old boy with a two-year follow-up. A five-year-old boy presented with a large unilateral maxillary tumor with nasal obstruction. Computed tomography revealed a heterogeneous mass completely occupying the right maxillary sinus and displacing the lateral wall of the nose and nasal septum. The lesion was diagnosed as hemangiopericytoma after histopathological confirmation. The option of surgical resection (total maxillectomy) was carried out after evaluating the available literature. Various treatment modalities like surgery, chemotherapy and radiotherapy were taken into consideration as the tumor has an aggressive nature. Due to the inadequate literature on definitive treatment options for these types of tumors, there was difficulty in arriving at a protocol-based treatment plan.

Two-piece hollow bulb obturator.

There are various types of obturator fabrication achievable by prosthodontist. Maxillectomy, which is a term used by head and neck surgeons and prosthodontists to describe the partial or total removal of the maxilla in patients suffering from benign or malignant neoplasms is a defect for which to provide an effective obturator is a difficult task for the maxillofacial prosthodontist. Multidisciplinary treatment planning is essential to achieve adequate retention and function for the prosthesis. Speech is often unintelligible as a result of the marked defects in articulation and nasal resonance. This paper describes how to achieve the goal for esthetics and phonetics and also describes the fabrication of a hollow obturator by two piece method, which is simple and maybe used as definitive obturator for maximum comfort of the patient.

Tumor odontogénico adenomatoide en maxilar: reporte de un caso y revisiónde la literatura / Adenomatoid odontogenic tumor in maxilla: a report case and review of the literature

El tumor odontogénico adenomatoide es una neoplasia benigna según la nueva clasificación del 2005 sobre tumores odontogénicos. Es una lesión muchas veces de crecimiento lento pero progresivo y no invasivo. Este reporte describe una paciente de 17 años, sexo femenino, con un tumor odontogénico adenomatoide del subtipo folicular en la región maxilar anterior comprometiendo al canino maxilar izquierdo. Además se realiza una revisión para los profesionales de la salud sobre aspectos diagnósticos y manejo según los hallazgos más recientes en esta patología.

Adenomatoid odontogenic tumor is a benign neoplasm in the new classification of odontogenic tumors of 2005. This lesion is often slow growing but progressive and noninvasive. This report describes a 17-year old female patient with an adenomatoid odontogenic tumor follicular subtype in the anterior maxillary region compromising the left maxillary canine. This article also provides a refresher for the health professionals on its diagnosis and management according to recent findings in this pathology.

Aggressive pregnancy tumor (Pyogenic Granuloma) with extensive alveolar bone loss mimicking a malignant tumor: case report and review of literature / Tumor agresivo del embarazo (Granuloma Piógeno) con gran pérdida del hueso alveolar simulando un tumor maligno: Reporte de caso y revisión bibliográfica

Oral pyogenic granuloma is a hyperplastic inflammatory lesion commonly associated to local irritation or trauma. Females are more affected than men probably due to the vascular effects of hormones that occur during puberty, pregnancy and menopause. In the pregnancy, the lesions are known as "pregnancy tumor" and tend to occur more frequently during the second and third trimester. In the oral cavity, histopathological examination is required for diagnosis, since the lesion is clinically indistinguishable from other reactive lesions and, usually, there is no evidence of bone involvement. The authors report a rare case of pyogenic granuloma with destruction of alveolar bone mimicking a malignant tumor in a 20-year-old woman in the 19th week of pregnancy.

El granuloma piógeno oral es una lesión hiperplásica inflamatoria asociada a la presencia de irritación local o trauma. Las mujeres son más afectadas que los hombres, probablemente debido a los efectos vasculares de las hormonas que se producen durante la pubertad, el embarazo y la menopausia. En el embarazo, las lesiones se conocen como "tumor del embarazo" y tienden a ocurrir con más frecuencia durante el segundo y tercer trimestres. En la cavidad oral, el examen histopatológico es necesario para el diagnóstico, ya que la lesión es clínicamente indistinguible de otras lesiones reactivas y, por lo general, no hay evidencia de afectación ósea. Los autores divulgan un caso raro de granuloma piógeno con la destrucción del hueso alveolar simulando un tumor maligno en una mujer de 20 años de edad, en la semana 19 de embarazo.